Treatment expectations and pain-related outcomes in clinical trials of digital cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth with chronic pain.

Treatment expectations (TE) are predictive of patient outcomes in clinical practice and suggested to moderate treatment responses in chronic pain clinical trials. However, evidence is mainly derived from studies conducted with adult populations with musculoskeletal pain, primarily focused on pharmacological treatments and a few alternative intervention modalities (e.g.

Mental Health Consequences of Opioid Pain Medication Use Behaviors and Motives Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer: Results From a National Survey.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer experience long-term consequences into survivorship that impact quality of life, including mental health symptoms, substance use, and persistent pain. Given the elevated rates of pain, AYA cancer survivors are at increased risk for opioid pain medication (OPM) exposure, increasing risk for opioid-related negative consequences, particularly for those with mental health symptoms. Minimal research has documented that a considerable proportion of AYAs with cancer receive OPM that continues into survivorship, yet the lack of consensus on the definition of problematic opioid use coupled with the high clinical need for OPM makes it particularly challenging to understand the impact of OPM use in this population.

Historical redlining and clustering of present-day breast cancer factors.

Purpose: Historical redlining, a 1930s-era form of residential segregation and proxy of structural racism, has been associated with breast cancer risk, stage, and survival, but research is lacking on how known present-day breast cancer risk factors are related to historical redlining. We aimed to describe the clustering of present-day neighborhood-level breast cancer risk factors with historical redlining and evaluate geographic patterning across the US.

Methods: This ecologic study included US neighborhoods (census tracts) with Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) grades, defined as having a score in the Historic Redlining Score dataset; 2019 Population Level Analysis and Community EStimates (PLACES) data; and 2014-2016 Environmental Justice Index (EJI) data.

Unwanted or negative treatment reactions in digital psychological interventions for adolescents with chronic pain.

Objective: Reports of pain clinical trials evaluating psychological treatments often lack sufficient details on the potential and actual harm resulting from intervention. We aimed to understand how frequent and intense treatment reactions, conceptualized as unwanted symptoms, were in three clinical trials of digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for adolescents with: (1) chronic primary pain, (2) sickle cell disease, and (3) chronic pancreatitis. We also aimed to understand any differences by demographic and clinical variables.

Heterogeneity in Pancreatitis: Recognizing Heterogeneity and Its Role in the Management of Pancreatitis. Summary of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop.

Both the clinical management and study of recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) is complicated by significant heterogeneity in the etiology, mechanisms, symptoms, and complications of pancreatitis. The National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK) recently convened a workshop to address current knowledge and knowledge gaps in the field. Preclinical models that better replicate human disease are important for development of new therapies.

Development of a core outcome set for recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis: Results of a Delphi poll.

Background/objective: Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) lack effective therapies. There is no consensus or guidance on which endpoints or outcome measures should be used in clinical trials. This study aimed to develop a core outcome set aligned with both patient and provider priorities for RAP and CP.

Understanding factors influencing exercise program adherence for youth with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS).

Background: A significant portion of youth sustain a concussion every year, with around 30% experiencing persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Research has shown exercising just below the exertion level that provokes symptoms can lead to more rapid recovery. However, youth often struggle to adhere to exercise recommendations following concussion.

The use of abstract animations and a graphical body image for assessing pain outcomes among adults with sickle cell disease.

Painimation, a novel digital pain assessment tool, allows patients to communicate their pain quality, intensity, and location using abstract animations (painimations) and a paintable body image. This study determined the construct validity of painimations and body image measures by testing correlations with validated pain outcomes in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). Analyses used baseline data from a multisite randomized trial of 359 adults with SCD and chronic pain.

Water insecurity is associated with intimate partner violence among female adolescents and youth but not males in rural Tanzania: A cross-sectional study.

Food insecurity increases intimate partner violence (IPV), but less is known about water insecurity (WI) and IPV. We examined the association between household WI and IPV among adolescents and youth in the Mbeya and Iringa regions of Tanzania. The cross-sectional sample comprised 977 males and females aged 18-23 years living in rural, impoverished households.

Daily and Weekly Associations Among Pain Intensity, Self-Reported Activity Limitations, and Objectively Assessed Physical Activity in Youth With Acute Musculoskeletal Pain.

Monitoring recovery during acute pain episodes is useful for identifying youth at risk for pain persisting. Subjective and objective measures can assess function postinjury, but associations among these different measures and pain patterns in the acute period are unknown. To fill this gap, we examined associations among self-reported activity limitations, objectively measured physical activity, and pain intensity in 176 youth (age 11-17, 46% male) seeking health care for acute musculoskeletal pain.

Adolescent predictors of substance use in young adulthood among individuals with childhood-onset chronic pain: A follow-up study.

Background: Adolescent chronic pain is a substantial public health problem, and pain symptoms often persist into adulthood. Young adults with chronic pain are at elevated risk for more frequent tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use, and cross-sectional research highlights the importance of psychosocial vulnerability factors. Limited research has examined how adolescent predictors, including mental health symptoms, pain, sleep and family functioning, impact later, young adult substance use.

Mobile App Promoting Resilience in Stress Management for Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer are at risk of poor psychosocial outcomes. AYAs grew up with the internet and digital technology, and mobile Health (mHealth) psychosocial interventions have the potential to overcome care access barriers.

Objective: This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a fully automated mobile app version of the Promoting Resilience in Stress Management intervention (mPRISM).

Prevalence, pain trajectories, and presurgical predictors for chronic postsurgical pain in a pediatric sample in Spain with a 24-month follow-up.

Pediatric chronic pain, particularly chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP), poses a significant public health challenge, impacting 20% of pediatric populations. While several presurgical predictors have been identified, there is a scarcity of data on long-term outcomes, especially beyond 1 to 2 years postsurgery. Previous research primarily focuses on North American children, creating gaps in understanding CPSP outcomes in diverse health systems, such as in Spain.

Ecological momentary assessment of sleep, pain, and opioid use among adolescents following surgery.

Background: Opioids are effective for acute pain management following surgery among adolescents, yet are associated with significant negative consequences, including respiratory depression and opioid misuse. Sleep deficiency is common following surgery and extant research indicates strong cross-sectional associations between sleep deficiency and increased problematic opioid use.

Objective: This study examined longitudinal associations between postsurgical sleep deficiency and opioid use among adolescents undergoing outpatient surgery.

TikTok and teen mental health: an analysis of user-generated content and engagement.

Background: TikTok is a social media mobile application that is widely used by adolescents, and has the potential to serve as a revolutionary platform for public and mental health discourse, education, and intervention.

Objective: Our study aimed to describe the content and engagement metrics of the hashtag #teenmentalhealth on TikTok.

Methods: In this study, we: (a) conducted a directed content analysis of the Top 100 TikTok videos tagged with #teenmentalhealth, and (b) collected data on video engagements (views, likes, saves, and shares) and computed view-based engagement rates.

Adolescent predictors of young adult pain and health outcomes: results from a 6-year prospective follow-up study.

Adolescent chronic pain may lead to persistent disability and long-term health impairments in adulthood. However, our understanding of which youth are more likely to experience adverse outcomes remains limited. To address this gap, this longitudinal cohort study examined adolescent predictors of various dimensions of young adult health and functioning, including pain, physical health, depression, anxiety, social isolation, and sleep disturbance.

Systematic Review of the Impacts of U.S. Social Safety Nets on Child Maltreatment.

Introduction: Children living in poverty are at an increased risk for maltreatment. Social safety net (SSN) programs with antipoverty objectives may reduce child maltreatment through pathways such as reduced food insecurity, lessened caregiver stress, and improved caregiving behaviors and ability to meet children's basic needs. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of evidence on the ability of SSN programs to reduce child maltreatment in the United States (U.

Adolescent Girls' Musculoskeletal Pain is More Affected by Insomnia Than Boys, and Through Different Psychological Pathways.

Prior research has established that insomnia is predictive of pain in adolescents and that psychological mechanisms have a crucial role in this relationship. Adolescent girls report more insomnia and pain than boys, yet little is known of gender differences in how insomnia influences pain. This study assessed gender differences in levels and trajectories of insomnia and pain during adolescence, and whether rumination and negative mood mediated the effect of insomnia on pain.