Combating Emerging Respiratory Viruses: Lessons and Future Antiviral Strategies.

Emerging viral diseases, including seasonal illnesses and pandemics, pose significant global public health risks. Respiratory viruses, particularly coronaviruses and influenza viruses, are associated with high morbidity and mortality, imposing substantial socioeconomic burdens. This review focuses on the current landscape of respiratory viruses, particularly influenza and SARS-CoV-2, and their antiviral treatments.

Oncolytic Virus Engineering and Utilizations: Cancer Immunotherapy Perspective.

Oncolytic viruses have positively impacted cancer immunotherapy over the past 20 years. Both natural and genetically modified viruses have shown promising results in treating various cancers. Various regulatory authorities worldwide have approved four commercial oncolytic viruses, and more are being developed to overcome this limitation and obtain better anti-tumor responses in clinical trials at various stages.

Filter-Free, Harmless, and Single-Wavelength Far UV-C Germicidal Light for Reducing Airborne Pathogenic Viral Infection.

Germicidal lamps that primarily emit 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) radiation have been effectively utilized for surface sterilization, but they cannot be used on human skin and eyes due to their harmful and genotoxic activity. Recent reports have shown that far UV-C light (207-222 nm) can efficiently kill pathogens with potentially no harm to exposed human tissues. However, these methods still require additional filtering and/or further protective equipment.

Recent Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy Delivery Modalities.

Immunotherapy is crucial in fighting cancer and achieving successful remission. Many novel strategies have recently developed, but there are still some obstacles to overcome before we can effectively attack the cancer cells and decimate the cancer environment by inducing a cascade of immune responses. To successfully demonstrate antitumor activity, immune cells must be delivered to cancer cells and exposed to the immune system.

Villous Chorion: A Potential Source for Pluripotent-like Stromal Cells.

Context: Multipotent stromal cells are isolated from various fetal sources and studied for their phenotypic characterization and ability to differentiate into different lineages.

Aims: In this study, we aimed to isolate mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) from villous chorion, expand under clinical scale level, compared the potency with other source of fetal-derived MSCs and studied their differentiation capabilities to form all three germ layers.

Subjects And Methods: Placenta obtained from C-section was used to isolate villous chorion-MSCs (VC-MSCs) were expanded up to tenth passage and their characteristics were assessed by proliferation rate and phenotypic characterization using fluorescence-activated cell sorting and also expanded MSCs were analyzed for differentiated into all three germ layers by cytochemical staining.

Characterization of human papillomavirus 6b L1 virus-like particles isolated from silkworms using capillary zone electrophoresis.

Human papillomavirus 6b L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) were successfully expressed using Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid expression system and rapidly purified using size exclusion chromatography after ultracentrifugation procedure and characterized by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). The average capillary electrophoresis migration time was 11 min with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.3% of human papillomavirus 6b L1 VLPs.

Expression of human papillomavirus 6b L1 protein in silkworm larvae and enhanced green fluorescent protein displaying on its virus-like particles.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) 6b L1 capsid protein was expressed using the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid expression system in silkworm larvae. Two constructs, full-length L1 (500 a.a) and C-terminal-deleted short L1 (479 a.