Nanosized Hexagonal Boron Nitride and Polyethylene Glycol-Filled Leathers for Applications Demanding High Thermal Insulation and Impact Resistance.

Leather is a niche material used for upholsteries, gloves, and garments due to its high durability, flexibility, and softness properties. The inclusion of nanoparticles in the leather matrix provides multifunctionality for high-performance applications. Herein, we synthesized hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles via a single-step hydrothermal synthesis and treated the leather after dispersing in polyethylene glycol (PEG) to yield h-BN/PEG-treated leathers.

In vitro probing of oxidized inulin cross-linked collagen-ZrO hybrid scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

Hybrid biomaterials incorporated with active ingredients and metal nanoparticles are gaining more interest owing to their increased wound healing capacity. Here, we report the preparation of hybrid collagen scaffolds stabilized with oxidized inulin and ZrO nanoparticles for biomedical applications. The functional group changes in the oxidized inulin were ascertained using FT-IR spectroscopy.

Bio-hybrid hydrogel comprising collagen-capped silver nanoparticles and melatonin for accelerated tissue regeneration in skin defects.

Hydrogel-based drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising platform for chronic tissue defects owing to their inherent ability to inhibit pathogenic infection and accelerate rapid tissue regeneration. Here, we fabricated a stable bio-hybrid hydrogel system comprising collagen, aminated xanthan gum, bio-capped silver nanoparticles and melatonin with antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Highly colloidal bio-capped silver nanoparticles were synthesized using collagen as a reducing cum stabilizing agent for the first time while aminated xanthan gum was synthesized using ethylenediamine treatment on xanthan gum.

Physico-chemical studies of elastic compliance and adsorption of DOPC vesicles and its mixture with charged lipids at fluid/solid interface.

Lipid bilayer mechanics is crucial to membrane dynamics and in design of liposomes for delivery applications. In this work, vesicles of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) (size from 50 nm to 1 μm) and its mixtures with anionic 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) sodium salt (DOPG) and cationic dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DODAB), have been studied under shear stress at fluid/solid interface and their elastic compliance evaluated. Results show that the rate of spreading of the smaller vesicles (∼70 nm) is about 1.

Elastic compliance and adsorption profiles of Bovine serum albumin at fluid/solid interface in the presence of electrolytes.

Non-trivial topology of proteins under shear suggests that even small structural changes in proteins result in dramatic variations in the mechanical properties and stability. In this study, we have analysed the elastic compliance of solvated bovine serum albumin (BSA) with NaCl,MgCl, FeCl of concentration-ranging from 50 mM to 250 mM using Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. The compliance shows a reverse Hofmeister trend (Na +  View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Non-aqueous green solvents improve alpha-amylase induced fiber opening in leather processing.

Severe water deficit and highly polluting effluent generation from leather industries have constantly been pressurizing the tanners to adopt cleaner leather processing systems. The present study aims to minimize the use of water by substituting it with non-aqueous green solvents and also to enhance the enzyme action in alpha-amylase based fiber opening process. The activity of alpha-amylase in select non-aqueous green solvents namely, heptane, polyethylene glycol 200 and propylene glycol is considerably higher by 62, 38 and 31% than in water, respectively.

Bioengineered Hybrid Collagen Scaffold Tethered with Silver-Catechin Nanocomposite Modulates Angiogenesis and TGF-β Toward Scarless Healing in Chronic Deep Second Degree Infected Burns.

Management of burn wounds with diabetes and microbial infection is challenging in tissue engineering. The delayed wound healing further leads to scar formation in severe burn injury. Herein, a silver-catechin nanocomposite tethered collagen scaffold with angiogenic and antibacterial properties is developed to enable scarless healing in chronic wounds infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa under diabetic conditions.

Silica microsphere-resorcinol composite embedded collagen scaffolds impart scar-less healing of chronic infected burns in type-I diabetic and non-diabetic rats.

The existence of diabetes and microbial infection in burn wounds makes the healing process more complex. Herein, we synthesize a collagen based hybrid scaffold incorporated with a silica-resorcinol composite and cross-linked with an oxidized fenugreek seed polysaccharide to stimulate scar-less healing in chronic wounds with type-I diabetes and microbial infection. The spectroscopic analyses of the hybrid scaffolds reveal the chemical and structural integrity of collagen.

A ZnO-curcumin nanocomposite embedded hybrid collagen scaffold for effective scarless skin regeneration in acute burn injury.

Scar formation in severe burn injury is a major health concern. Herein, we developed a hybrid collagen scaffold with an incorporated ZnO-curcumin nanocomposite, which facilitates scarless wound healing. Biocompatibility and hemocompatibility studies unveiled that the hybrid scaffold is apt for in vivo wound healing studies.

A Facile Approach to Fabricate Dual Purpose Hybrid Materials for Tissue Engineering and Water Remediation.

Creating hybrid materials with multifunctionality and robust mechanical stability from natural resources is a challenging proposition in materials science. Here, we report the scalable synthesis of hybrid collagen scaffolds using collagen extracted from leather industry wastes and sago starch derived from agro-industry. The hybrid scaffolds were incorporated with TiO nanoparticles and cross-linked with oxidized sago starch.

A review on injectable chitosan/beta glycerophosphate hydrogels for bone tissue regeneration.

Tissue engineering (TE) is a promising approach for repairing diseased and damaged bone tissue. Injectable hydrogel based strategies offer a wide range of applications in rapid recovery of bone defects by acting as filler materials and depots for delivering various bioactive molecules and averting the need for surgical intervention. Chitosan (CS), a natural polysaccharide, forms a thermosensitive injectable hydrogel through the addition of beta-glycerophosphate (β-GP).

Bifunctional Hybrid Composites from Collagen Biowastes for Heterogeneous Applications.

We report the synthesis of an electrically conductive and magnetically active hybrid biocomposite comprising collagen and polyaniline (PAni) as the matrix and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) as the filler through an in situ polymerization technique. Here, the matrix biopolymer, collagen, was extracted from trimmed wastes of animal hides generated from the leather industry. The as-synthesized C/PAni/IONP hybrid biocomposite powder possesses excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability, and saturation magnetization, thereby providing scope for a wide range of applications.

Melatonin in functionalized biomimetic constructs promotes rapid tissue regeneration in Wistar albino rats.

The development of hybrid scaffolds mimicking the extracellular matrix with bioactive factors has great potential to regenerate tissues in tissue engineering and wound-healing applications. Herein, poly(dialdehyde) gum acacia was synthesized by the selective oxidation of gum acacia and was blended with collagen and melatonin to fabricate biomimetic hybrid scaffolds. The inclusion of poly(dialdehyde) gum acacia improved the stability of collagen and immobilized the melatonin in the hybrid scaffolds.

Three-Dimensional Porous Sponges from Collagen Biowastes.

Three-dimensional, functional, and porous scaffolds can find applications in a variety of fields. Here we report the synthesis of hierarchical and interconnected porous sponges using a simple freeze-drying technique, employing collagen extracted from animal skin wastes and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The ultralightweight, high-surface-area sponges exhibit excellent mechanical stability and enhanced absorption of organic contaminants such as oils and dye molecules.

Highly biocompatible collagen-Delonix regia seed polysaccharide hybrid scaffolds for antimicrobial wound dressing.

Biomaterials based entirely on biological resources are ideal for tissue engineering applications. Here we report the preparation of hybrid collagen scaffolds comprising gulmohar seed polysaccharide (GSP) and cinnamon bark extract as cross-linking agent. (1)H NMR spectrum of GSP confirms the presence of galactose and mannose in the ratio of 1:1.

Biomimetic hybrid porous scaffolds immobilized with platelet derived growth factor-BB promote cellularization and vascularization in tissue engineering.

Development of hybrid scaffolds with synergistic combination of growth factor is a promising approach to promote early in vivo wound repair and tissue regeneration. Here, we show the rapid wound healing in Wistar albino rats using biomimetic collagen-poly(dialdehyde) guar gum based hybrid porous scaffolds covalently immobilized with platelet derived growth factor-BB. The immobilized platelet derived growth factor in the hybrid scaffolds not only enhance the total protein, collagen, hexosamine, and uronic acid contents in the granulation tissue but also provide stronger tissues.

Collagen-poly(dialdehyde) guar gum based porous 3D scaffolds immobilized with growth factor for tissue engineering applications.

Here we report the preparation of collagen-poly(dialdehyde) guar gum based hybrid functionalized scaffolds covalently immobilized with platelet derived growth factor - BB for tissue engineering applications. Poly(dialdehyde) guar gum was synthesized from selective oxidation of guar gum using sodium periodate. The synthesized poly(dialdehyde) guar gum not only promotes crosslinking of collagen but also immobilizes the platelet derived growth factor through imine bonds.

Thermoresponsive magnetic nanoparticle--aminated guar gum hydrogel system for sustained release of doxorubicin hydrochloride.

Hydrogel based sustained drug delivery system has evolved as an immense treatment method for solid tumors over the past few decades with long term theranostic ability. Here, we synthesized an injectable hydrogel system comprising biocompatible aminated guar gum, Fe3O4-ZnS core-shell nanoparticles and doxorubicin hydrochloride. We show that amination of guar gum resulted in attraction of water molecules thereby forming the hydrogel without using toxic crosslinking agents.

Green synthesis and characterization of hybrid collagen-cellulose-albumin biofibers from skin waste.

Collagen (C) and cellulose are prominent biopolymers from the animal and plant kingdom and widely used in bioengineering. Albumin, on the other hand, is the most abundant plasma protein present in mammalian blood. In this work, collagen extracted from animal skin waste was blended with hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and bovine serum albumin (A) and wet-spun to form hybrid biodegradable C/HEC/A fibers.

Probing horseradish peroxidase catalyzed degradation of azo dye from tannery wastewater.

Biocatalysis based effluent treatment has outclassed the presently favored physico-chemical treatments due to nil sludge production and monetary savings. Azo dyes are commonly employed in the leather industry and pose a great threat to the environment. Here, we show the degradation of C.

Collagen based magnetic nanocomposites for oil removal applications.

A stable magnetic nanocomposite of collagen and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) is prepared by a simple process utilizing protein wastes from leather industry. Molecular interaction between helical collagen fibers and spherical SPIONs is proven through calorimetric, microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. This nanocomposite exhibited selective oil absorption and magnetic tracking ability, allowing it to be used in oil removal applications.

Optical bifunctionality of europium-complexed luminescent graphene nanosheets.

Graphene is an intriguing two-dimensional material, which could be modified for achieving tunable properties with many applications. Photoluminescence of graphene due to plasmonic emission is well-known, however, attempts to develop strong luminescent graphene have been difficult. Synthesis of a graphene-based material with a dual optical functionality, namely quenching the fluorescence of organic dyes while maintaining its own self-luminescence, is an interesting and challenging proposition.

Structural and thermal investigations of biomimetically grown casein-soy hybrid protein fibers.

A hybrid protein fiber from different protein sources such as casein and soybean using wet-spinning technique was prepared. The casein/soybean hybrid fibers were synthesized at different weight ratios such as 100/0 (casein), 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 (soy) and characterized. Electron microscopic analysis confirmed the growth of pure and hybrid fibers and shows an increased surface roughness as the soy concentration increases in the hybrid fibers.

Sodium metasilicate based fiber opening for greener leather processing.

Growing environmental regulations propound the need for a transformation in the current practice of leather making. The conventional dehairing and fiber opening process results in high negative impact on the environment because of its uncleanliness. This process accounts for most of the biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand in tannery wastewater and generation of H2S gas.