Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of NiTi 4D Structures: Influence of Interlayer Delay.

Shape memory alloy structures for actuator and vibration damper applications may be manufactured using wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), which is one of the additive manufacturing technologies. Multilayer deposition causes heat accumulation during WAAM, which rises the preheat temperature of the previously created layer. This leads to process instabilities, which result in deviations from the desired dimensions and mechanical properties changes.

Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, and Actuation Behavior of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Nitinol: Titanium Bimetallic Structures.

Nitinol (NiTi) is well known for its corrosion resistance, shape memory effect, superelasticity, and biocompatibility, whereas Titanium (Ti) is well known for its high specific strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The bimetallic joint of NiTi and Ti is required for applications that require tailored properties at different locations within the same component, as well as to increase design flexibility while reducing material costs. However, because of the formation of brittle intermetallic phases, connecting NiTi and Ti is difficult.

Characterisation of AZ31 metal matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes.

The focus of this study revolves around the synthesis of AZ31 metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using the powder metallurgy technique. Various compositions of CNTs were incorporated into the AZ31 alloy matrix. The sintered specimens were analysed using microstructural characterization and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Enhancement of patterned triboelectric output performance by an interfacial polymer layer for energy harvesting application.

Efficaciously scavenging waste mechanical energy from the environment is an emerging field in the self-powered and self-governing electronics systems which solves battery limitations. It demonstrates enormous potential in various fields such as wireless devices, vesture, and portable electronic devices. Different surface textured PET triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) were developed by the laser pattern method in the previous work, with the line textured TENG device showing improved performance due to a larger surface contact area.

Effect of Interlayer Delay on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Wall Structures.

Wire arc additive manufacturing is a metal additive manufacturing technique that allows the fabrication of large size components at a high deposition rate. During wire arc additive manufacturing, multi-layer deposition results in heat accumulation, which raises the preheat temperature of the previously built layer. This causes process instabilities, resulting in deviations from the desired dimensions and variations in material properties.

Development of Sn-doped ZnO based ecofriendly piezoelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting application.

In this work, we have a demonstrated zinc oxide (ZnO) polymer-based ecofriendly piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) on a paper substrate for an energy harvesting application. The ZnO thin film is developed on the paper substrate, where different doping concentrations of Sn have been investigated systematically to validate the effect of doping towards enhancing the device performance. The piezoelectric potential of the fabricated device is evaluated by applying three different loads (4 N, 8 N, 22 N), where the source of the corresponding mechanical loads is based on the object of a musical drum stick.

Green synthesis of near-infrared absorbing eugenate capped iron oxide nanoparticles for photothermal application.

Nanomaterials exhibit different interesting physical, chemical, electronic and magnetic properties that can be used in a variety of biomedical applications such as molecular imaging, cancer therapy, biosensing, and targeted drug delivery. Among various types of nanoparticles, super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have emerged as exogenous contrast agents for in vitro and in vivo deep tissue imaging. Here, we propose a facile, rapid, non-toxic, and cost-effective single step green synthesis method to fabricate eugenate (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenolate) capped iron oxide nanoparticles (E-capped IONPs).

A La-doped ZnO ultra-flexible flutter-piezoelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting and sensing applications: a novel renewable source of energy.

Zinc oxide nanorods synthesized via a wet chemical approach were used to fabricate an ultra-flexible flutter-piezoelectric nanogenerator (UF-PENG). The UF-PENG has demonstrated good capabilities to act as not only an energy generator but also a wind velocity/direction sensor. Using the same procedure, the ZnO nanorods have been doped with lanthanum, and the doped device was found to exhibit three times the output of intrinsic PENG.

Multi-Response Optimization of WEDM Process Parameters for Machining of Superelastic Nitinol Shape-Memory Alloy Using a Heat-Transfer Search Algorithm.

Nitinol, a shape-memory alloy (SMA), is gaining popularity for use in various applications. Machining of these SMAs poses a challenge during conventional machining. Henceforth, in the current study, the wire-electric discharge process has been attempted to machine nickel-titanium (Ni55.

A Comparative Analysis of ZnO Nanorods and Nanopencils Towards Amperometric Biosensing Applications.

In this work, ZnO Nanorods (ZNR) and Nanopencils (ZNP) were synthesized over Platinum (Pt) coated glass substrate by simple and low-temperature hydrothermal process for large-scale fabrication towards biosensing applications. The two types of morphologies have been obtained by using strong oxidizing agent viz KMnO₄ as an additive and replenishing the growth solution during the hydrothermal growth process. It was observed that incorporation of additive and replacement of growth solution has greatly influenced structural and electrochemical properties of ZNR/ZNP in terms of morphology, aspect ratio, and charge transfer hindrance.

Life cycle analysis of electrically actuated SMA spring using Talbot interferometry.

Electrically actuated shape memory alloys (SMAs) find widespread applications in engineering and science. Such materials are known to retain/remember their state. In the stressed/deformed state, when activated by the application of a suitable excitation mechanism, such as the use of heat or potential, they return to their original unstressed state.

Insights into non-noble metal based nanophotonics: exploration of Cr-coated ZnO nanorods for optoelectronic applications.

Herein, the room temperature photoluminescence and Raman spectra of hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods coated with Cr are investigated for optoelectronic applications. A thorough examination of the photoluminescence spectra of Cr coated ZnO nanorods showed the suppression of deep level emissions by more than twenty five times with Cr coating compared to that of pristine ZnO nanorods. Moreover, the underlying mechanism was proposed and can be attributed to the formation of Schottky contacts between Cr and ZnO resulting in defect passivation, weak exciton-plasmon coupling, enhanced electric field effect and formation of hot carriers due to interband transitions.

Enhancement of ZnO-based flexible nano generators via a sol-gel technique for sensing and energy harvesting applications.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a remarkable inorganic semiconductor with exceptional piezoelectric properties compared to other semiconductors. However, in comparison to lead-based hazardous piezoelectric materials, its properties have undesired limitations. Here we report a 5∼6 fold enhancement in piezoelectric features via chemical doping of copper matched to intrinsic ZnO.

Effect of Addition of KI on the Hydrothermal Growth of ZnO Nanostructures Towards Hybrid Optoelectronic Device Applications.

We report the structural and optoelectronic properties of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures prepared by hydrothermal method. The morphological, structural and optical properties of the grown ZnO nanostructures were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) respectively. Upon addition of relatively small amount of KI during the in-situ hydrothermal growth the nanorods were formed, further increasing the concentration led to increased diameter of these nanorods and finally at relatively higher concentration of KI, ZnO nanosheets were formed.

Influence of Parametric Variations on Hydrothermal Growth of ZnO Nanostructures for Hybrid Polymer/ZnO Based Photodetector.

Dumbbell and flower like ZnO nano-crystals were grown via hydrothermal process. The as-prepared dumbbells, with length of 0.8-10 µm and edge length of 0.