Correction: Mapping of UK Biobank clinical codes: Challenges and possible solutions.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Utilization of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Breeding Auliekol Cattle: A Comparative Study.

This study evaluates the utilization of in vitro embryo production (IVEP) technology for the conservation and breeding of the Auliekol cattle breed, a primary beef breed in Kazakhstan facing population decline due to the cessation of breeding programs and the incursion of transboundary diseases. We assessed the effect of consecutive ovum pick-up (OPU) procedures on oocyte yield and embryo production in Auliekol and Aberdeen Angus cows. A total of 2232 and 3659 oocytes were aspirated from Auliekol and Aberdeen Angus donors, respectively, with significantly higher yields and embryo production observed in Aberdeen Angus cows.

Correction: Pakhomova et al. High-Entropy Diborides-Silicon Carbide Composites by Reactive and Non-Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering: A Comparative Study. , , 718.

In the original publication [...

High-Entropy Diborides-Silicon Carbide Composites by Reactive and Non-Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering: A Comparative Study.

The reactive spark plasma sintering (R-SPS) method was compared in this work with the two-step SHS-SPS route, based on the combination of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) with the SPS process, for the fabrication of dense (HfMoTiTaNb)B-SiC and (HfMoTiTaZr)B-SiC ceramics. A multiphase and inhomogeneous product, containing various borides, was obtained at 2000 °C/20 min by R-SPS from transition metals, BC, and Si. In contrast, if the same precursors were first reacted by SHS and then processed by SPS under the optimized condition of 1800 °C/20 min, the desired ceramics were successfully attained.

[The impact of BMI on the course of the acute SARS-COV-2 infection and the risks that emerge during the first year after the hospital discharge. Subanalysis evidence of the AKTIV and AKTIV 2 registries].

Background: There is enough evidence of the negative impact of excess weight on the formation and progression of res piratory pathology. Given the continuing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it is relevant to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the clinical features of the novel coronavirus infection (NCI).

Aim: To study the effect of BMI on the course of the acute SARS-COV-2 infection and the post-covid period.

Mapping of UK Biobank clinical codes: Challenges and possible solutions.

Objective: The UK Biobank provides a rich collection of longitudinal clinical data coming from different healthcare providers and sources in England, Wales, and Scotland. Although extremely valuable and available to a wide research community, the heterogeneous dataset contains inconsistent medical terminology that is either aligned to several ontologies within the same category or unprocessed. To make these data useful to a research community, data cleaning, curation, and standardization are needed.

[The effect of the new coronavirus infection on the structure of children traumatism].

The traumatism, including children traumatism, is one of priority problem of health care in the Russian Federation. The indices of children traumatism and disability because of injuries are the most important indices of children health. They characterize quality of child care in family, depend on common norms of public behavior, reflect cases of aggression and violence in relationship of adults and children and in children communities.

Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of PRP-Therapy, Minoxidil, and Their Combination with Immunohistochemical Study of the Dynamics of Cell Proliferation in the Treatment of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia.

Unlabelled: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has been considered as a promising treatment for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). The aim of the study was comparative evaluation of the clinical efficacy of PRP-therapy, minoxidil, and their combination in the treatment of men with AGA and to evaluate the effects of PRP on the proliferation of hair follicle (HF) cells in skin biopsy.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 69 men who were divided into 3 groups who received PRP therapy, minoxidil, and their combination.

[Clinical case of Jeune syndrome].

The paper reports a clinical case of Jeune syndrome in a baby, in whom the diagnosis was established immediately after his birth. He was also diagnosed as having multiple congenital malformations, such as Dandy-Walker anomaly, hexadactyly of the left hand, cleft palate, choroidal colobomas in both eyes, and atrial septal defect and he also had interstitial nephritis and hepatitis.

Histopathology of experimental vaginal candidosis in immunosuppressed mice.

The histopathology of vaginal candidosis was studied in cyclophosphamide (CY)-immunosuppressed mice. In severely leucopenic animals acutely treated with high doses of CY the fungal inoculation resulted in a massive invasion of the pathogen, which penetrated the whole thickness of vaginal wall and was able to spread further into the surrounding tissues. In some animals, a haematogenous dissemination of the infection was detected.

[Macrophage interaction with Candida albicans in immunodepression].

The interaction of fungi of the species C. albicans with macrophages has been studied in vivo under the conditions of immunosuppression resulting from the action of immunosuppressive agents, belonging to different groups with respect to the chemical nature and mechanism of their action (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, hydrocortisone acetate, methotrexate, cyclosporin A). The data obtained in this study indicate that under the conditions of immunity disturbances macrophages have decreased functional activity.

[The in-vitro action of immunodepressants on the morphological properties of Candida albicans fungi].

The microbiological properties, pathogenicity and biotyping of C. albicans strains have been studied after exposure to a number of immunosuppressive agents, classified with different groups by their chemical nature and their mechanism of action (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, prednisolone, methotrexate, cyclosporin A). The relative stability of the microbiological properties of Candida, established in this investigation, is indicative of the possibility of using standard methods for the identification of fungi isolated from patients treated with immunosuppressive agents.

[The effect of cytostatics and corticosteroids on the phagocytic and fungicidal activity of the neutrophilic granulocytes].

In vitro tests have revealed that cytostatic agents and corticosteroids, introduced in vivo, produce an inhibitory effect on the phagocytic activity of mouse neutrophil granulocytes and on their capacity for the destruction of Candida albicans blastospores. The action of the above-mentioned preparations may be an important pathogenetic factor which when introduced into the animals, contributes to the development of candidiasis.

[The interaction of neutrophilic granulocytes with Candida albicans fungi in the formation of mycotic foci under conditions of immunodepression].

In the electron-microscopic study of the interaction of neutrophil granulocytes with the fungal species C. albicans in the process of the formation of mycotic foci in mice under the conditions of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression, mouse leukocytes have been found to retain their capacity for migration to the focus of inflammation and for the phagocytosis of fungal cells. At the same time the fungicidal activity of leukocytes is decreased, which is manifested by the prevalence of viable fungal cells with the partially digested cell wall in the cytoplasm of leukocytes.

[Candidal carriage and the development of invasive candidiasis of the organs of the digestive tract during experimental immunodepression].

After infecting healthy mice with Candida by their oral administration the fungi are rapidly eliminated from the digestive tract. In the animals, immunosuppressed by the injection of cyclophosphamide, the prolonged persistence of Candida in the digestive tract occurs, and the administration of Candida in considerable doses over prolonged periods in combination with the injections of high doses of immunosuppressing agents results in the development of profound invasive lesions, in some cases leading to the dissemination of the process.

[The morphogenesis of candidiasis of the mucous membranes after the administration of immunodepressants].

Influence of the immunosuppressants on the development and course of the experimental candidiasis was studied using the model of the murine vaginitis. As distinct from the mice with an intact immune system in which the fungi penetrate into the mucous membrane epithelium only superficially and are rapidly destroyed by the neutrophil granulocytes, the administration of immunosuppressants results in the penetration of the pseudomycelium through the epithelium and its invasion into the lamina propria, vessels and (in some cases) the development of the hematogenic dissemination. Tissue protective reactions are totally inhibited after the administration of high doses and partly depressed and inefficient after moderate doses of immunosuppressants.

[Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural analyses of the development of candidal granulomas].

The development of Candida granulomas was studied in experimental model using histological, enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic methods. The granulomatous response first appeared 3-5 days after injection of heat-killed Candida albicans blastospores in hepatic portal system of mice. This response reached maximum at 10-12 days, when a significant part of hepatic parenchyma was involved, regressing thereafter.

[Methodologic problems in the biotyping of Candida albicans].

The biotyping of 284 C. albicans strains has been carried out in accordance with the system of three tests, proposed by F.C.

[Algorithm for questionning women in screening for stenocardia of effort in epidemiological research].

A new algorithm is proposed for the questioning of female subjects in screenings for angina of effort, that differs in certain respects from the anginal diagnosis algorithm using standard cardiologic questionnaire currently accepted in epidemiologic studies. The advantages of the modified questionnaire make it more suitable for the screening of female populations.