Two Cases of Group A Streptococcus-Induced Right Empyema: Rare Occurrences in Adult Medicine.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) empyema, though rare in adults, poses serious clinical challenges. We present two cases of GAS-induced right empyema in immunocompetent patients. Case 1 involved a 45-year-old female Chinese healthcare worker with persistent pleural effusion despite antibiotic therapy.

A Review on Evidence-Based Treatments for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Objectives: To evaluate recent studies on available therapies for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods: A literature search on recent publications, within the last five years, concerning treatment options for MGD was performed.

Results: A total of 35 articles were reviewed after curation by the authors for relevance.

Role of tear film biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of dry eye disease.

In recent years, there has been increasing scientific interest in the use of tear film biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of dry eye disease (DED), owing to their potential important roles in the pathogenesis of ocular surface damage, as well as the technical feasibility of tear sample collection techniques. An Entrez PubMed search was conducted on March 2, 2019, to include papers investigating the use of tear film biomarkers in DED, and the results were classified according to whether the DED is associated with systemic inflammatory disease or not and further classified within each section according to the molecular nature of the biomarker for further discussion. A total of 58 relevant articles were reviewed.