Impact on antimicrobial consumption of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy for pneumonia/pneumonitis associated with aspiration in comatose mechanically ventilated patients: a multicenter, randomized controlled study.

Background: In comatose patients receiving oro-tracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation (MV), the risk of aspiration is increased. Aspiration can lead to chemical pneumonitis (inflammatory reaction to the gastric contents), or aspiration pneumonia (infection caused by inhalation of microorganisms). Distinguishing between the two types is challenging.

Fatal acute respiratory distress by Toxoplasma gondii in a toxoplasma seronegative liver transplant recipient.

The risk of Toxoplasma gondii infection in solid organ transplant recipients is well known but mainly after heart transplantation. We discuss a case of acute respiratory distress caused by Toxoplasma gondii on Day 32 after liver transplantation. The reported case, which is extremely rare, emphasizes how direct examination and Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (QPCR) in broncholaveolar lavage help to diagnose the infection.

Relevancy and reproducibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpretation in multiple-ligament injuries and dislocations of the knee.

Introduction: After multiple-ligament injuries and dislocations of the knee, clinical assessment of the soft tissues is difficult and MRI is generally performed.

Hypothesis: MRI is a reliable examination, providing a precise and reproducible assessment of soft-tissue lesions after multiple-ligament injuries or dislocations of the knee.

Materials And Methods: Forty patients presenting multiple-ligament lesions of the knee were included in this multicenter prospective study.

Encrusting cystitis due to Corynebacterium urealyticum in a patient with ANCA-associated vasculitis: case report and review of the literature.

Objectives: To report a patient with systemic ANCA-associated vasculitis, under maintenance treatment, who had persistent microscopic hematuria and developed recurrent pelvic pain due to Corynebacterium urealyticum encrusting cystitis. The relevant literature on this infection is reviewed.

Methods: Descriptive case report and a review of the literature (PubMed search).

[Urinary diversion to the augmented and valved rectum: simplified technique].

Objective: Description of the Ghoneim's low pressure rectal bladder, without colo-colic valve and colostomy.

Method: Thirty-six patients underwent this simplified technique.

Results: The simplification of the technique did not increase the complication.

Cemented all polyethylene tibial insert unicompartimental knee arthroplasty: a long term follow-up study.

Unlabelled: Unicompartimental knee arthroplasty outcome is sometimes compared to total knee arthroplasty but various implant parameters might greatly influence this outcome. The objectives of this study were to report the results of a consecutive series of 172 all-polyethylene unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKAs) and to detail possible factors of success and failure.

Hypothesis: It is possible to outline implant and technique factors determining success or failure in unicompartimental knee arthroplasty.

Medial unicompartimental knee arthroplasty for osteonecrosis or osteoarthritis.

We report a prospective series of 33 unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (UKAs) operated for a spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK) compared with 35 UKAs operated for osteoarthritis (OA). The mean follow-up was 5 years. Preoperative functional score in the SPONK group was significantly lower than that in the OA group.

[Pseudosarcoma of the bladder. Apropos of a case of inflammatory tumor of the bladder].

The authors report a case of benign pseudosarcoma of the bladder and emphasize the endoscopic features of the tumour, which were highly suggestive of malignancy, leading to the decision to perform cystectomy. The diagnosis was corrected by endoscopic resection and histology. Treatment usually consists of partial cystectomy, but can sometimes be limited to one or several endoscopic resections.

[Endoscopic treatment of uterine myoma].

The technique and results of endoscopic resection of submucosal uterine myoma performed in a series of 42 cases are presented. Following hysterography and hysteroscopy, endoscopic resection is carried out through a dilated cervix and under glycol infusion. The technique is very simple and the duration of the operation never exceeds 30 minutes.

[Fabian's spiral endoprostatic prosthesis].

This involves a supple metal prosthesis placed in the posterior urethra to relieve cervico-prostatic obstruction whilst allowing for normal function of the striate sphincter as well as satisfactory bladder drainage with normal continence. Easily inserted under local anesthesia and without morbidity, with a perfect functional result in the great majority of cases provided indications are complied with, i.e.

[Urokinase (in situ) in the case of acute ischemia of the lower limbs (author's transl)].

Eighteen patients with severe, acute ischemia of the lower limbs were treated with an arterial perfusion of the ischemic leg with Urokinase. This was associated, in thirteen patients, with a limited attempt of revascularization. The result of this treatment was an immediate improvement in twelve cases, which lasted, more than six months, in six patients.

[Acute duodenal ulcers complicating Listeria meningitis (author's transl)].

The authors report 3 cases of acute complicated duodenal ulcers occurring during the course of Listeria meningitis. These three adults (2 females and 1 male) suffered from localised neurological involvement and, in 2 cases neurovegatative disorders an altered level of consciousness. The ulcers were situated in the duodenal cap, and in each case there were at least 2 large excavated ulcers.

[Ttoal hip arthroplasty after arthrodesis (desarthrodesis)].

A report is given on 24 cases of desarthrodesis of the hip long after arthrodesis, in one case after 73 years, the patient being a woman of 84, and in several cases after 40 years. In all cases the results were satisfactory and recovery was excellent despite the long duration of the arthrodesis. Desarthrodesis is therefore a valuable operation which may be indicated in cases where position is poor or lumbalgia inhibits the function.