Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism.

Sexual dimorphism involves distinct anatomical, physiological, behavioral, and developmental differences between males and females of the same species, influenced by factors prior to conception and during early development. These sex-specific traits contribute to varied phenotypes and individual disease risks within and across generations and understanding them is essential in mammalian studies. Hormones, sex chromosomes, and imprinted genes drive this dimorphism, with over half of quantitative traits in wildtype mice showing sex-based variation.

Steps to Avoid Falls in the Elderly - a TECHnology Enhanced Intervention (SAFE-TECH) study: randomized controlled trial protocol for a community-based, multi-component fall prevention program.

Background: Falls and fall-related injuries among older adults in Singapore are a serious health problem that require early intervention. In previous research, exercise interventions have been effective in improving functional outcomes and reducing falls for a broad group of older adults. However, results from multi-domain, multi-component falls prevention programs for high fall risk older adults in the community remain equivocal.

The AI Orthopedician will see you now - But who is Liable if it's Wrong?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing various sectors, including health care, with orthopedics being no exception. Orthopedic practice, already familiar with technological advancements such as robotic surgery, is rapidly integrating AI into clinical workflows, enhancing precision in surgical planning, diagnostics, and patient care. However, this evolution raises critical questions, particularly regarding liability when AI systems fail and cause harm.

AI-boosted and motion-corrected, wireless near-infrared sensing system for continuously monitoring laryngeal muscles.

Neuromuscular diseases pose significant health and economic challenges, necessitating innovative monitoring technologies for personalizable treatment. Existing devices detect muscular motions either indirectly from mechanoacoustic signatures on skin surface or via ultrasound waves that demand specialized skin adhesion. Here, we report a wireless wearable system, Laryngeal Health Monitor (LaHMo), designed to be conformally placed on the neck for continuously measuring movements of underlying muscles.

Multifaceted impact of HIV inhibitor dapivirine on triple negative breast cancer cells reveals potential entities as targets for novel therapy.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Many breast cancers originate from the cells lining the milk duct and some become invasive. Breast cancer lacking estrogen, progesterone receptors (ER-, PR-) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-) amplification, termed "Triple negative" (TNBC) is reported to frequently affect Black women and younger women.

Colorimetric Determination of Dissolved Oxygen: Assessment of Methodological Influences on Iodine Spectra, Isosbestic Point, Precision and Accuracy.

The colorimetric method for determining dissolved oxygen concentrations in freshwater and seawater samples essentially relies on measuring the absorbance of released I and I in a mixed form. While this approach is relatively quick and convenient, it is susceptible to significant temperature effects during analysis, irrespective of field temperatures. Additionally, the influences of spectrophotometric absorbance wavelengths and iodine concentrations on oxygen concentration determinations are ambiguous.

Assessments of working group effectiveness in the planning of the New Jersey Kids Study: An applied mixed-methods study on the science of team science.

Introduction: The New Jersey Kids Study (NJKS) is a transdisciplinary statewide initiative to understand influences on child health, development, and disease. We conducted a mixed-methods study of project planning teams to investigate team effectiveness and relationships between team dynamics and quality of deliverables.

Methods: Ten theme-based working groups (WGs) (e.

Immunoinformatic approach to design T cell epitope-based chimeric vaccine targeting multiple serotypes of dengue virus.

The global dengue outbreak is a significant public health concern, with the World Health Organization recording over 3 million cases and a 0.04% case fatality rate until July 2023. The infection rate is anticipated to rise in vulnerable regions worldwide.

V.R. Khanolkar's initial years as pathologist and researcher in India: 1924-1941.

Vasant Ramji Khanolkar was the first Indian pathologist and a pioneering researcher who was at the forefront of the diverse fields of cancer research, blood group genetics, epidemiology and leprosy research, etc. in the mid-twentieth century. All his cutting-edge research took place after he joined Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay (now Mumbai), as Director of Laboratories.

The New Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Laws: Progress or Pitfall for Doctors?

The Indian Penal Code (IPC), a relic of British colonial rule, was recently replaced by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) in July 2024. While the overhaul of the IPC was largely welcomed, it has sparked significant concern among the medical community, primarily due to Section 106 of the BNS. This section mandates imprisonment for doctors involved in deaths caused by rash or negligent acts during medical procedures, which many in the profession fear could lead to a climate of fear and hesitancy in performing critical medical interventions.

Swallowing the Litigation Pill: The Future of Medical Lawsuits in India.

As the tide of medical lawsuits rises, doctors in India find themselves navigating increasingly treacherous waters. What drives this surge in litigation? Can we chart a course through these challenging times, or are we destined to face relentless legal battles? In this editorial, we unravel the complexities of this pressing issue and glimpse what lies on the horizon for India's medical community.

Pill Pushers or Partners in Progress: Should Pharmaceutical Companies Be Allowed to Sponsor Continuing Medical Education (CME)?

This article explores a timely and contentious issue within the Indian medical community: the relationship between doctors and pharmaceutical companies, particularly the sponsorship of continuing medical education (CME) events. Triggered by the National Medical Council's proposed guidelines in August 2023, which sought to ban such sponsorships, the article revisits the longstanding debate over potential conflicts of interest. While critics argue that these relationships could compromise medical ethics, the article questions whether this assumption holds up under scrutiny.

Current Practices and Recent Advances in Perioperative Pain Management for Liver Transplantation Living Donors and Recipients.

Analgesia in liver transplantation patients has been traditionally considered a secondary priority where perioperative management principally focused on survival rates in these critically ill patients. With recent advancements in both surgical and medical management, posttransplant survival rates have steadily improved. Outcome measurements are no longer limited to short-term mortality rates and hospital length of stay but are also measured by patient-centered outcomes, such as pain control and quality of life.

Trace elements and metal nanoparticles: mechanistic approaches to mitigating chemotherapy-induced toxicity-a review of literature evidence.

Anticancer chemotherapy (ACT) remains a cornerstone in cancer treatment, despite significant advances in pharmacology over recent decades. However, its associated side effect toxicity continues to pose a major concern for both oncology clinicians and patients, significantly impacting treatment protocols and patient quality of life. Current clinical strategies to mitigate ACT-induced toxicity have proven largely unsatisfactory, leaving a critical unmet need to block toxicity mechanisms without diminishing ACT's therapeutic efficacy.

International Academy of Cytology standardized reporting of breast fine-needle aspiration cytology with cyto-histopathological correlation of breast carcinoma.

Background: The International Academy of Cytology (IAC) has developed a standardized approach for reporting the findings of breast fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Accordingly, there are five chief categories of breast lesions, C1 (insufficient material), C2 (benign), C3 (atypical), C4 (suspicious), and C5 (malignant). The prognostication and management of breast carcinoma can be performed readily on the basis of this classification system.