Unveiling the Hidden Perils: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Infections in Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Surgery.

Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgery is an effective treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), but infections pose a significant threat to its success. Current guidelines lack antifungal recommendations, despite rising fungal infection rates post-IPP surgery. This review examines epidemiology, risk factors (including diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, and obesity), and pathogenesis, highlighting the role of biofilm formation in device contamination.

Use of artificial stones in training and laboratory studies, have we found the right material? Outcomes of a systematic review from the European School of Urology.

Objective: In this review, we investigated the current literature to find out which artificial stones (AS) are available in endourology, and in which experimental and training schemes they are used.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Twenty-one out of 346 studies met our inclusion criteria and are presented in the current review.

Minimal invasive treatment of urethral strictures: An experimental study of the effect of paclitaxel coated balloons in the wall of strictured rabbit's urethra.

Purpose: The aim of this study is the evaluation of the distribution of paclitaxel (PTX) released by a coated balloon in the layers of rabbit's urethra.

Methods: 18 rabbits were included. A laser device was used for the stricture formation.

Transurethral resection of bladder tumor: A systematic review of simulator-based training courses and curricula.

Objective: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor is one of the most common everyday urological procedures. This kind of surgery demands a set of skills that need training and experience. In this review, we aimed to investigate the current literature to find out if simulators, phantoms, and other training models could be used as a tool for teaching urologists.

Percutaneous antegrade management of large proximal ureteral stones using non-papillary puncture.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and the safety of medial non-papillary percutaneous nephrolithotomy (npPCNL) for the management of large proximal ureteral stones.

Methods: We evaluated prospectively collected data of 37 patients with large proximal ureteral stones more than 1.5 cm in diameter treated by prone npPCNL.

Location of ureteral access sheath in the ureter. Does it affect the fluid flow in different calyces?

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate outflow variation in different locations of the pyelocaliceal system with the use of different ureteral access sheath (UAS) sizes and different UAS positioning.

Material And Methods: The experimental setup included an anaesthetised porcine model, a 7.5-Fr ureteroscope with a 200-μm laser fibre inserted in the working channel, a hand-held pumping irrigating system, and UAS of different sizes, namely: 9.

How Safe Are the Laparoscopic and Robotic Graspers? Evaluation of the Novel Avatera Robotic Surgical System: An Acute In Vivo Study on a Porcine Model.

Objective: To evaluate the tissue injury caused by the force applied by the roboticassisted graspers of avatera robotic surgical system on bowel tissue.

Methods: An experimental in vivo porcine model with 1 pig was conducted. After a standard transperitoneal setup of the avatera robotic surgical system, different laparoscopic and robotic graspers were used on the bowel with maximum force applied each time.

Bladder Cancer during Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature.

Bladder malignancy represents the fourth most common cancer in men and the eighth in women in the western world. Women under 75 years of age have a risk of 0.5-1% of developing bladder cancer.

Transfer of acquired practical skills from dry lab into live surgery using the avatera robotic system: An experimental study.

Objective: To evaluate the transfer of the practical skills of robot-assisted surgery acquired in the dry-lab into a real live experimental setting for performing upper and lower urinary tract surgeries.

Material And Methods: An in vivo experimental study design was utilized. Six urology trainees and fellows; two 2nd year trainees with no previous exposure to laparoscopic surgery (Group 1), two 4th year residents with medium exposure to laparoscopic surgery (Group 2) and two fellows trained to perform laparoscopic surgeries (Group 3) performed ureteral reimplantation into the bladder, pyeloplasty, and radical nephrectomy on three female pigs under general anesthesia.

Outcomes of thulium prostatectomy with "Oyster technique" versus transurethral prostatectomy (TURP): a randomized control trial.

Purpose: To compare the perioperative and postoperative outcomes between Oyster prostate vaporesection using Tm-YAG laser and the conventional transurethral prostatectomy using monopolar energy.

Methods: Patients with LUTS with an accumulative size of at least 60 ml were randomly assigned to one of two parallel groups to undergo Tm-YAG laser vaporesection (Group 1) or conventional monopolar transurethral prostatectomy (Group 2). The primary endpoints were the reduction in IPSS and the increase in Qmax postoperatively.

Holmium: Yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser lithotripsy: Is there a difference in ablation rates between short and long pulse duration?

Introduction: The high-power holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet lasers provide a wide variety of settings for stone disintegration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of short and long pulse duration on ablation rates on urinary stones.

Materials And Methods: Two types of artificial stones were created by BegoStone™ with different compositions (15:3 and 15:6, stone/water ratio).

The effect of percutaneous tract dilation technique on renal parenchymal trauma: An experimental study on a porcine model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate renal parenchymal trauma of two-step dilation compared to the conventional Amplatz gradual dilation during percutaneous nephrolithotomy on a porcine model.

Materials And Methods: A nonpapillary percutaneous access tract was established under fluoroscopic guidance in both kidneys of four female pigs. On the right kidney of each pig, gradual dilation was performed using an Amplatz dilator set with a gradual dilation to 30 Fr, whereas on the left, a two-step dilation was utilized using only 16 Fr and 30 Fr dilators.

High-power laser lithotripsy - do we treat or harm? Histological evaluation of temperature effects in an in vivo study with thulium fiber laser.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible histopathological alterations that occur in the kidneys due to a continuous temperature increase above 43°C for one hour of lithotripsy using a newly introduced thulium fiber laser (TFL).

Material And Methods: Two female pigs were used. After the insertion of a 9.

The feasibility of robot-assisted radical cystectomy: an experimental study.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of the avatera system for performing robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) followed by intracorporeal reconstruction of ileal neobladder.

Methods: Six anesthetized female pigs were used to perform RARC and formation of the intracorporeal orthotopic ileal neobladder. Three surgeons with different level of expertise in the use of robotic systems performed RARC after a short instructional lecture and a 2-h hands-on training.

Robot-Assisted Radical Nephrectomy Using the Novel Avatera Robotic Surgical System: A Feasibility Study in a Porcine Model.

To evaluate the feasibility and intraoperative technical parameters of the new robot-assisted surgical system Avatera by performing bilateral nephrectomy in a live porcine model. Six pigs underwent bilateral robot-assisted radical nephrectomy using the Avatera robotic system (RS). The operations were performed by experienced open (Group 1) and laparoscopic (Group 2) surgeons.

Nonpapillary prone endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery: effectiveness, safety and tips, and tricks.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nonpapillary prone endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) and provide practical tips and tricks for the successful accomplishment of the procedure respecting the anatomical particularities.

Material And Methods: This study is an analysis of a prospectively collected database including all cases of ECIRS performed between January 2019 and December 2021 in a high-volume tertiary center. All patients underwent the procedure in prone-split leg position.

Factors Affecting the Irrigation Fluid Temperature During Laser Lithotripsy: In Vitro Experimental Study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the diameter of laser fiber, pelvis volume, presence and type of the stone on irrigation fluid temperature rise.

Material And Methods: A 20ml syringe, 12/14 ureteral access sheath(UAS), a dual-lumen catheter and a thermocouple were used.  The 12/14Fr UAS(Cook Ireland Ltd.

Non-Papillary Access for the Percutaneous Antegrade Treatment of Renal and Ureteral Stones.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and success of medial non-papillary percutaneous access for the antegrade treatment of different locations of ureteral stones, with and without concomitant renal stones.

Methods: We performed an analysis of prospectively collected data of 72 patients, being subjected to percutaneous antegrade ureterolithotripsy. Stones located anywhere in the ureter with or without concomitant renal stones were included.

Clearance of Metal Particles After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with Trilogy Lithotripter.

To evaluate the clearance of metal particles produced and released in the pelvicaliceal system (PCS) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with the use of the Swiss Lithoclast Trilogy dual-energy (EMS Urology, Nyon, Switzerland) lithotripter. An experimental study and a clinical investigation of case series were conducted. An porcine model with two pigs for lithotripsy (after inserting artificial stones into the collecting system) and two pigs for submucosal injection of metal particles (provided by the manufacturer of Trilogy) was conducted.

Comparison between standard, mini and ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy for single renal stones: a prospective study.

Purpose: Based on the current trend of miniaturization of instruments used in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), it is necessary to compare different PCNL modalities regarding their access sheath size used. Thus, the safety and efficacy among standard, mini and ultra-mini PCNL (s-PCNL, m-PCNL, um-PCNL) were compared.

Methods: We performed a prospective, non-randomized trial between January 2018 and July 2020.

MOSES™ pulse modulation technology versus conventional pulse delivery technology: the effect on irrigation fluid temperature during flexible ureteroscopy.

To compare the effect of MOSES™ modulation technology to conventional pulse delivery technology on the irrigation fluid temperature (IFT) under different irrigation conditions during flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) in a live-anesthetized porcine model. For this experiment was used one female pig. A percutaneous access was obtained and a 30Fr sheath was placed inside the upper calyceal system.