New Advances on an Old Question: Does Money Matter for Children's Outcomes?

Family income is a positive predictor of children's health, human capital, and later-life earnings, but determining the extent to which these associations reflect causal effects is challenging. A recent wave of natural and randomized experiments, together with increased accessibility of large-scale administrative data, are allowing us to gain new perspectives about the importance of families' monetary resources in the U.S.

RNApysoforms: Fast rendering interactive visualization of RNA isoform structure and expression in Python.

Motivation: Alternative splicing generates multiple RNA isoforms from a single gene, enriching genetic diversity and impacting gene function. Effective visualization of these isoforms and their expression patterns is crucial but challenging due to limitations in existing tools. Traditional genome browsers lack programmability, while other tools offer limited customization, produce static plots, or cannot simultaneously display structures and expression levels.

The roles of IL-17A and IL-17F in hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis: evidence from human in vitro preclinical experiments and clinical samples.

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease associated with significant comorbidities and poor quality of life. Despite uncertainty about pathways driving inflammation in HS lesions, the cytokines IL-17A and IL-17F have been shown to be upregulated in patients with HS. Previous studies demonstrated that the monoclonal IgG1 antibody bimekizumab selectively inhibits IL-17F in addition to IL-17A.

Biomedical researchers' perspectives on the reproducibility of research.

We conducted an international cross-sectional survey of biomedical researchers' perspectives on the reproducibility of research. This study builds on a widely cited 2016 survey on reproducibility and provides a biomedical-specific and contemporary perspective on reproducibility. To sample the community, we randomly selected 400 journals indexed in MEDLINE, from which we extracted the author names and emails from all articles published between October 1, 2020 and October 1, 2021.

In situ visualization of endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicle formation in steady state and malignant conditions.

Endothelial cells are integral components of all vasculature within complex organisms. As they line the blood vessel wall, endothelial cells are constantly exposed to a variety of molecular factors and shear force that can induce cellular damage and stress. However, how endothelial cells are removed or eliminate unwanted cellular contents, remains unclear.

Risk of infections among persons treated with opioids for chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Introduction: Millions of persons with chronic pain across North America and Europe use opioids. While the immunosuppressive properties of opioids are associated with risks of infections, these outcomes could be mitigated through careful patient selection and monitoring practices when appropriate. It is important to recognise that some patients do benefit from a carefully tailored opioid therapy.

Micro-enema immediately prior to prostate MRI: effects on rectal gas, image quality and PI-QUAL score.

Purpose: Our aim was to determine whether the administration of a micro-enema immediately prior to prostate MRI is associated with a reduction in rectal gas, gas related artifacts and an improvement in image quality and PI-QUAL score.

Method: This retrospective analysis enrolled 171 patients who underwent multiparametric 3T prostate MRI at our institution between January 2021 and September 2022. 86 patients received a micro-enema, and a further 85 patients did not.

Comparison of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Endothelial Function Among Vegetarians and Non-vegetarians of Vijayapura, India: A Pilot Study.

Background: The known impact of diet on the pathophysiology of various chronic diseases and the current dietary transition in the country make it essential to assess the influence of dietary patterns specific to this region on inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial functions.

Objective: This study compared oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial functions among vegetarians and non-vegetarians in Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.

Methods: The present cross-sectional comparative study involved apparently healthy vegetarians (n=35) and non-vegetarians (n=35) aged 20-40.

POLR3B is associated with a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with myoclonic-atonic seizures and ataxia.

Objective: POLR3B encodes the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase III, which is essential for transcription of small non-coding RNAs. Biallelic pathogenic variants in POLR3B are associated with an inherited hypomyelinating leukodystrophy. Recently, de novo heterozygous variants in POLR3B were reported in six individuals with ataxia, spasticity, and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.

Exploring the Safewards Programme to Reduce Restrictive Practices in Residential Aged Care: Protocol for a Pilot and Feasibility Study.

Introduction: Restrictive practice use in residential aged care homes internationally is unacceptably high. Although policies and legislation mandate the reduction or elimination of restrictive practices, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding strategies that have been effective in achieving a sustained reduction in restraint use. There is an urgent need to identify effective and feasible interventions that aged care staff can implement in everyday practice to reduce restraint use.

Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury Care Bundle: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to implement an evidence-based peri-partum care bundle for women sustaining obstetric anal sphincter injuries and to evaluate compliance with recommendations for antibiotics use, repair in the operating room, and follow-up before and after implementation.

Methods: This project was reviewed by the Institutional Review Board and determined to be exempt. A clinical care bundle containing education and standardized orders in the electronic medical record was implemented.

Implementation of Project ECHO in a university health network: contrasting and comparing experiences across health conditions through a qualitative approach in a Canadian tertiary care centre.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare and contrast the experiences of interdisciplinary attendees (spokes) and experts (hub members) from three Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) programmes: hepatitis C, chronic pain and concurrent mental health and substance use disorders.

Design: Prospective qualitative study.

Setting: Single-centre in tertiary care.

A plan for systematic reviews for high-need areas in forensic science.

Forensic scientific practitioners and researchers must navigate a rapidly growing body of research. This makes it increasingly challenging to inform courts, lawyers, and other decision makers about the state of the field, thus heightening the chances of wrongful convictions and acquittals. When similar challenges have arisen in other fields, they have turned to systematic reviews, which are research reviews that use formal, articulated methods to provide a comprehensive summary of the literature on a specific research question.

Blunted anticipatory stress responses on competition day in team sports athletes compared to individual sports athletes.

Knowledge of anticipatory stress responses before sports competitions is limited, thus this study examined the relationship between anticipatory stress in terms of salivary cortisol secretion in athletes on the morning of a competition and a comparison baseline day. Thirty-seven athletes collected three saliva samples over a 45-min period post-awakening (0, 30 and 45 min). Anticipatory stress was expressed as Area Under the Curve compared to ground (AUCg; total cortisol secretion).

Turkish cross-cultural adaptation, construct validity, and reliability of the treatment expectations in chronic pain scale.

Background: Measuring treatment expectations using the Treatment Expectations in Chronic Pain (TEC) scale has the potential to help clinicians and researchers better understand the role that treatment expectations play within the framework of multimodal pain management settings.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the cross-cultural adaptation, construct validity and reliability of the TEC Scale in the Turkish language.

Methods: The study included 191 volunteers aged 22-65 with chronic musculoskeletal diseases.

One-year opioid consumption trajectories among individuals receiving multidisciplinary postsurgical care: a single-center observational study from the Toronto General Hospital Transitional Pain Service.

Introduction: The Transitional Pain Service (TPS) is an innovative, personalized approach to postsurgical opioid consumption and pain management. The objectives of this study were to identify trajectories of opioid consumption and pain intensity within 12 months after initiating treatment through the TPS, identify biopsychosocial factors associated with trajectory membership, and examine the relationship between trajectory membership and other outcomes of interest over the same 12-month period.

Methods: Consecutive patients referred to the TPS were included in the present study (n=466).

"Best Paper" awards lack transparency, inclusivity, and support for Open Science.

Awards can propel academic careers. They also reflect the culture and values of the scientific community. But do awards incentivize greater transparency, inclusivity, and openness in science? Our cross-disciplinary survey of 222 awards for the "best" journal articles across all 27 SCImago subject areas revealed that journals and learned societies administering such awards generally publish little detail on their procedures and criteria.