A Targeted Nanotoxin Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Growth Through Local Tumor Pyroptosis and Eosinophil Infiltration and Degranulation.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has traditionally been treated with genotoxic chemotherapy to activate pro-apoptotic proteins to induce anticancer effects. However, cancer cells develop resistance to apoptosis, which leads to recurrence and poor prognosis. Moreover, this kind of therapy has been shown to be highly toxic to healthy tissues and, therefore, to patients.

Recovery of cardiovascular testing in Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the INCAPS COVID 2 study.

Background: Understanding pandemic-related reductions and subsequent recovery of cardiovascular testing in Asia is important for guiding regional public health efforts.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the recovery of cardiovascular testing in Asia 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In this subanalysis of a worldwide survey on the impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular diagnostic care in April 2020 and April 2021, recovery of testing volume in Asia was compared among subregions, World Bank income groups and imaging modalities.

A New Method Using Deep Learning to Predict the Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.

Clinical parameters measured from gated single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI) have value in predicting cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) patient outcomes, but still show limitations. The purpose of this study is to combine clinical variables, features from electrocardiogram (ECG), and parameters from assessment of cardiac function with polar maps from gated SPECT MPI through deep learning (DL) to predict CRT response. A total of 218 patients who underwent rest-gated SPECT MPI were enrolled in this study.

Systematic shifts in the variation among host individuals must be considered in climate-disease theory.

To make more informed predictions of host-pathogen interactions under climate change, studies have incorporated the thermal performance of host, vector and pathogen traits into disease models to quantify effects on average transmission rates. However, this body of work has omitted the fact that variation in susceptibility among individual hosts affects disease spread and long-term patterns of host population dynamics. Furthermore, and especially for ectothermic host species, variation in susceptibility is likely to be plastic, influenced by variables such as environmental temperature.

Monitoring of adverse effects and quality of life during chemotherapy treatment through the EMMA Salud mobile App in patients with colorectal cancer.

Background And Aim: One third of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing chemotherapy develop serious adverse effects. The aim was to monitor toxicities, evaluate quality of life and the usefulness of the EMMA Salud mobile App in these patients.

Patients And Methods: Prospective single-center study including patients with CRC who started fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy treatment between 02/2022 and 02/2023.

Practical application of multimodality imaging for cardio-oncology in Latin America.

Latin America (LA) is one of the regions in the world with the highest levels of overweight, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, which, together with smoking and high blood pressure, are common risk factors for cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Chemotherapy (CT) and Radiotherapy (RT) have become two of the mainstays of treatment for several types of cancer. One of the most worrisome side effects generated by CT and RT is cardiotoxicity.

Integrating cancer into crisis: a global vision for action from WHO and partners.

More than a billion people live in fragile, conflict-affected, and vulnerable settings requiring humanitarian support, where cancer is a substantial health issue. Despite its substantial effect on populations, cancer care remains underprioritised in emergency preparedness and response frameworks and humanitarian operational planning. This Policy Review summarises the perspectives and actionable recommendations from the First Global High-Level Technical Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases in Humanitarian Settings, with a focus on cancer.

Problem gambling and subjective well-being: results of a study with a representative sample in Santiago (Chile).

This study aimed to examine the relationship between problem gambling and subjective well-being in the general population. Previous research on the subject has shown that problem gambling has varied harmful consequences, while controlled gambling could lead to recreation, sharing with others, and achieving higher levels of well-being. A representative, probabilistic, and multistage sample of 1032 cases was used for the study (54.

Maintenance with 5-FU/LV-aflibercept after induction with FOLFIRI-aflibercept versus FOLFIRI-aflibercept until progression as second-line treatment in older adults with metastatic colorectal cancer: the AFEMA phase II randomized trial.

Background: The combination chemotherapy i.v. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), irinotecan, and aflibercept (FOLFIRI-A) is a standard second-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Artificial intelligence in respiratory pandemics-ready for disease X? A scoping review.

Objectives: This study aims to identify repeated previous shortcomings in medical imaging data collection, curation, and AI-based analysis during the early phase of respiratory pandemics. Based on the results, it seeks to highlight essential steps for improving future pandemic preparedness.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Reviews for articles published from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2021, using the terms "imaging" or "radiology" or "radiography" or "CT" or "x-ray" combined with "SARS," "MERS," "H1N1," or "COVID-19.

Three-year survival follow-up of patients with gastrointestinal cancer treated during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: data from the PANDORA-TTD20 study.

Introduction: The initial SARS-CoV-2 pandemic wave in Spain in 2020 precipitated significant paradigm shifts in gastrointestinal oncology patient management. This study captures the "Zeitgeist" of this period by analyzing adaptive strategies, treatment modifications, and survival outcomes, leveraging a 3-year follow-up perspective to extract insights from this unprecedented experience.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study utilizing the RETUD-TTD registry, encompassing 703 patients across 19 Spanish centers in April 2020.

Development of a prognostic model to predict 90-day mortality in hospitalised cancer patients (PROMISE tool): a prospective observational study.

Background: Prognostic factors for ambulatory oncology patients have been described, including Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), tumor stage and malnutrition. However, there is no firm evidence on which variables best predict mortality in hospitalized patients receiving active systemic treatment. Our main goal was to develop a predictive model for 90-day mortality upon admission.

How international organizations can support the development of cardio-oncology in the Latin American and the Caribbean region.

Health problems in the Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) region are highly concentrated on non-communicable diseases, being cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer the leading causes of death. Different countries of the region are at different stages of development in addressing CVDs and cancer. Opportunities for training and continuing education in cardio-oncology, as well as active cardio-oncology groups, are primarily limited to large academic institutions in major metropolitan areas.

Production and regulatory issues for theranostics.

Theranostics has become a major area of innovation and progress in cancer care over the last decade. In view of the introduction of approved therapeutics in neuroendocrine tumours and prostate cancer in the last 10 years, the ability to provide access to these treatments has emerged as a key factor in ensuring global benefits from this cancer therapy approach. In this Series paper we explore the issues that affect access to and availability of theranostic radiopharmaceuticals, including supply and regulatory issues that might affect the availability of theranostic treatments for patients with cancer.

Correlates of markers of dyssynchrony in patients with STEMI and multivessel disease: an analysis from the IAEA SPECT STEMI trial.

Background: In this substudy of the Value of Gated-SPECT MPI for Ischemia- Guided PCI of non-culprit vessels in STEMI Patients with Multi vessel Disease after primary PCI trial after primary PCI we aim to assess if infarct size affects conventional measures of dyssynchrony at rest. Additionally, we explore if there is an independent correlation of stress-inducible ischemia with dyssynchrony at rest.

Methods: The 48 patients with imaging at randomization were analyzed.

FDG-PET in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR T-Cell) Therapy Toxicity: A Systematic Review.

The utilization of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy to target cluster of differentiation (CD)19 in cancer immunotherapy has been a recent and significant advancement. Although this approach is highly specific and selective, it is not without complications. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to assess the current state of positron emission tomography (PET) in evaluating the adverse effects induced by CAR T-cell therapy.

The Role of 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Spondylodiscitis.

Spondylodiscitis, characterized by inflammation of the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebral bodies, presents a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific clinical manifestations and variable imaging findings. This review examines the role of PET-CT with FDG, in the evaluation of spondylodiscitis, focusing on its utility in diagnosis, assessment of disease extent, treatment response monitoring, and prognostication. FDG PET-CT, by combining metabolic and anatomical imaging modalities, offers superior sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional imaging techniques in detecting infectious foci, distinguishing between infection and post-treatment changes, and identifying occult sources of infection.

PET/CT in leukemia: utility and future directions.

2-Deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro- d -glucose PET/computed tomography ([ 18 F]FDG PET/CT) has proven to be a sensitive method for the detection and evaluation of hematologic malignancies, especially lymphoma. The increasing incidence and mortality rates of leukemia have raised significant concerns. Through the utilization of whole-body imaging, [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT provides a thorough assessment of the entire bone marrow, complementing the limited insights provided by biopsy samples.