Plant cell wall enzymatic deconstruction: Bridging the gap between micro and nano scales.

Understanding lignocellulosic biomass resistance to enzymatic deconstruction is crucial for its sustainable conversion into bioproducts. Despite scientific advances, quantitative morphological analysis of plant deconstruction at cell and tissue scales remains under-explored. In this study, an original pipeline is devised, involving four-dimensional (space  + time) fluorescence confocal imaging, and a novel computational tool, to track and quantify deconstruction at cell and tissue scales.

Datasets on the production routes and the properties of plant powders for manufacturing of green products.

The diversity of the plant biomass available on earth makes plants an exceptional resource for replacing fossil resources in green chemistry, bioenergy and biobased materials. For numerous applications, and especially the high-tech ones (building block molecules, high-power bioenergy, additive manufacturing of biobased materials), the macrostructure assemblies of the plant biomass often need to be first broken down into a fine powder. This can be achieved by dry fractionation process combining comminution and sorting steps.

In situ imaging of LPMO action on plant tissues.

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper-dependent enzymes that oxidatively cleave recalcitrant polysaccharides such as cellulose. Several studies have reported LPMO action in synergy with other carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) for the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass but direct LPMO action at the plant tissue level remains challenging to investigate. Here, we have developed a MALDI-MS imaging workflow to detect oxidised oligosaccharides released by a cellulose-active LPMO at cellular level on maize tissues.

Towards a flexible and personalised development of veterinarians and veterinary nurses working in a companion animal referral care setting.

In the Netherlands, the demand for veterinarians and veterinary nurses (VNs) working within referral care is rapidly growing and currently exceeds the amount of available board-certified specialists. Simultaneously, a transparent structure to guide training and development and to assess quality of non-specialist veterinarians and VNs working in a referral setting is lacking. In response, we developed learning pathways guided by an entrustable professional activity (EPA) framework and programmatic assessment to support personalised development and competence of veterinarians and VNs working in referral settings.

Logical model of reception and risk classification for women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

Objective: To describe the validation of the Logical Model of Reception and Risk Classification for women with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in a high-risk maternity hospital.

Method: Evaluative research with a quantitative approach. The elaboration and validation of the Logical Model were systematized in stages related to the scope review, preparation of the document guided by the Donabedian model and validation by 12 stakeholders, aiming at the assessment of the Content Validation Index.

Incidents in the context of pre-hospital care by ambulances: contributions to patient safety.

Objectives: to analyze the occurrence of incidents in the context of mobile terrestrial pre-hospital care.

Methods: a descriptive research was carried out through the observation of 239 treatments performed by 22 healthcare professionals at the Mobile Emergency Care Service, located in Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fisher's exact test and chi-square test were used for data analysis.

Bioinspired Polymer Assemblies of Plant Cell Walls for Measuring Protein-Carbohydrate Interactions by FRAP.

The interactions of proteins involved in plant cell wall hydrolysis, such as enzymes and CBMs, significantly determine their role and efficiency. In order to go beyond the characterization of interactions with simple ligands, bioinspired assemblies combined with the measurement of diffusion and interaction by FRAP offer a relevant alternative for highlighting the importance of different parameters related to the protein affinity and to the polymer type and organization in the assembly.

The + 3010/C single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1710) at the HLA-G 3' untranslated region is associated with a short transcript exhibiting a deletion of 92 nucleotides.

The physiological expression of HLA-G is mainly observed in the placenta, playing an essential role in maternal-fetal tolerance. Among the HLA-G mRNA alternative transcripts, the one lacking 92 bases at the HLA-G 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), the 92bDel transcript, is more stable, is associated with increased HLA-G soluble levels, and was observed in individuals presenting a 14 bp insertion (14 bp) at the 3'UTR. We investigated the presence of the 92bDel transcript in placenta samples, correlating its expression levels with the HLA-G polymorphisms at the 3'UTR.

Automated quantification of fluorescence and morphological changes in pretreated wood cells by fluorescence macroscopy.

Background: Lignocellulosic biomass is a complex network of polysaccharides and lignin that requires a pretreatment step to overcome recalcitrance and optimize valorisation into biobased products. Pretreatment of biomass induces chemical and morphological changes. Quantification of these changes is critical to understand biomass recalcitrance and to predict lignocellulose reactivity.

Principal factors affecting the yield of dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass: A critical review.

This review provides a critical analysis of the state of the art of dilute acid pretreatment applied to lignocellulosic biomass. Data from 63 publications were extracted and analysed. The majority of the papers used residence times of<30 min, temperature ranges from 100 °C to 200 °C, and acid levels between 0 % and 2 %.

Adherence to antihypertensive treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment is one of the main causes of the lack of blood pressure (BP) control. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic imposes substantial social restriction impairing the medical care routine, which may influence adherence to the antihypertensive treatment. To assess the rate of nonadherence to antihypertensive drug treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hemophilia A Resulting in Severe Hyperesthesia Due to Extraparenchymal Spinal Cord Hemorrhage in a Young Golden Retriever Puppy.

A ten-week-old male Golden retriever puppy was presented with severe hyperesthesia, mild neurological deficits and episcleral bleeding. Clotting times showed a normal prothrombin time (PT) and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPPT). Computed tomography (CT) of the vertebral column showed intradural, extraparenchymal hyperattenuating changes on precontrast CT images and epidural mass lesions, suggestive of hematorrhachis.

Tools for the investigation of adverse events: scoping review.

Objective: To map, in the literature, the risk management tools aimed at investigating health adverse events.

Method: Scoping review according to the Joanna Brigss Institute, with acronym PCC (Population: hospitalized patients, Concept: tools for the investigation of adverse events, and Context: health institutions) carried out in MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE, LILACS, Scopus, CINAHL, and gray literature.

Results: The search totaled 825 scientific productions, 31 of which met the objective of the study, which consisted of 27 scientific articles and 4 expert consensus.

Real-time imaging of enzymatic degradation of pretreated maize internodes reveals different cell types have different profiles.

This work presents a dynamic view of the enzymatic degradation of maize cell walls, and sheds new light on the recalcitrance of hot water pretreated maize stem internodes. Infra-red microspectrometry, mass spectrometry, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and fluorescence imaging were combined to investigate enzymatic hydrolysis at the cell scale. Depending on their polymer composition and organisation, cell types exhibits different extent and rate of enzymatic degradation.

Evaluating polymer interplay after hot water pretreatment to investigate maize stem internode recalcitrance.

Background: Biomass recalcitrance is governed by various molecular and structural factors but the interplay between these multiscale factors remains unclear. In this study, hot water pretreatment (HWP) was applied to maize stem internodes to highlight the impact of the ultrastructure of the polymers and their interactions on the accessibility and recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic biomass. The impact of HWP was analysed at different scales, from the polymer ultrastructure or water mobility to the cell wall organisation by combining complementary compositional, spectral and NMR analyses.

Relationship between reinforcement rate and response rate in Pavlovian and operant conditioning with compound stimuli in rats.

Harris, Andrew, and Livesey (2012) proposed that response rate (R) to a stimulus (e.g., A) of a compound (e.

Quality management in imaging diagnosis and the nursing team: a case study.

Objective: to know the contributions of nursing in the implementation of the quality management principle of the accreditation program in imaging diagnosis.

Methods: a single, qualitative case study carried out in an accredited radiology and imaging diagnosis service. The data collection took place through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and documentary analysis with the support of software in organizing the data for analysis.

Tools for managing childcare in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery: an integrative review.

Objective: To analyze the scientific literature on the application of management tools in the postoperative period of pediatric cardiac surgery.

Methods: integrative review including studies published between 2004 and 2018 in the following databases: LILACS, BDENF, coleciona SUS, MEDLINE/PUBMED, CINAHL and SCOPUS, via Portal de Periódicos da Capes, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Academic Google research.

Results: Twelve articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed.

Safe intra-hospital care in context of vulnerability to socio-environmental disasters: implications for nursing.

Objectives: to analyze the factors involved in safe intra-hospital care, in a context of vulnerability to socio-environmental disasters and their implications for nursing.

Methods: a cross-sectional study of a descriptive and exploratory nature. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 49 nursing professionals from a hospital in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), which suffered a significant impact from a socio-environmental disaster in January 2011.

Enzymes to unravel bioproducts architecture.

Enzymes are essential and ubiquitous biocatalysts involved in various metabolic pathways and used in many industrial processes. Here, we reframe enzymes not just as biocatalysts transforming bioproducts but also as sensitive probes for exploring the structure and composition of complex bioproducts, like meat tissue, dairy products and plant materials, in both food and non-food bioprocesses. This review details the global strategy and presents the most recent investigations to prepare and use enzymes as relevant probes, with a focus on glycoside-hydrolases involved in plant deconstruction and proteases and lipases involved in food digestion.

Measuring Interactions between Fluorescent Probes and Lignin in Plant Sections by sFLIM Based on Native Autofluorescence.

In lignocellulosic biomass (LB), the activity of enzymes is limited by the appearance of non-specific interactions with lignin during the hydrolysis process, which maintains enzymes far from their substrate. Characterization of these complex interactions is thus a challenge in complex substrates such as LB. The method here measures molecular interactions between fluorophore-tagged molecules and native autofluorescent lignin, to be revealed by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET).

Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis.

Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is an abundant and renewable resource from plants mainly composed of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicelluloses) and an aromatic polymer (lignin). LB has a high potential as an alternative to fossil resources to produce second-generation biofuels and biosourced chemicals and materials without compromising global food security. One of the major limitations to LB valorisation is its recalcitrance to enzymatic hydrolysis caused by the heterogeneous multi-scale structure of plant cell walls.