Pharmacological interventions for remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of preclinical trials.

Background: To improve perioperative pain management, several interventions have been suggested for the prevention of increased pain sensitivity caused by opioids (called opioid-induced hyperalgesia). It is currently unclear which intervention is the most effective or appropriate in preventing opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Remifentanil is the most investigated opioid causing opioid-induced hyperalgesia.

Probing the orientation specificity of excitatory and inhibitory circuitries in the primary motor cortex with multi-channel TMS.

Objective: Electric-field orientation is crucial for optimizing neuronal excitation in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Yet, the stimulus orientation effects on short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) are poorly understood due to technical challenges in manipulating the TMS-induced stimulus orientation within milliseconds. We aimed to assess the orientation sensitivity of SICI and ICF paradigms and identify optimal orientations for motor evoked potential (MEP) facilitation and suppression.

Impact of adverse childhood experiences on analgesia-related outcomes: a systematic review.

Background: There is well-established evidence linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and chronic pain in adulthood. It is less clear how ACE exposure might influence the response to chronic pain treatment. In this systematic review, we synthesise the literature assessing the impact of ACE exposure on outcomes relating to the use, benefits, and harms of analgesic medications (analgesia-related outcomes).

Reduced auditory perception and brain response with quiet TMS coil.

Background: Electromagnetic forces in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coils generate a loud clicking sound that produces confounding auditory activation and is potentially hazardous to hearing. To reduce this noise while maintaining stimulation efficiency similar to conventional TMS coils, we previously developed a quiet TMS double containment coil (qTMS-DCC).

Objective: To compare the stimulation strength, perceived loudness, and EEG response between qTMS-DCC and a commercial TMS coil.

Predicting Adolescent Arithmetic and Reading Dysfluency.

The long-term negative consequences of learning difficulties have been acknowledged. Nonetheless, research is still scarce regarding the prediction of adolescent difficulties in reading and arithmetic skills. The present study examines at which age phase and with what kind of constellation of parent- and child-related factors can adolescent difficulties in arithmetic and/or reading fluency be successfully predicted.

Underweight, overweight, and weight change in older family caregivers and their care recipients: longitudinal evidence from a randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to identify differences among body mass index (BMI) categories of older family caregivers (≥60 years) and their care recipients (≥65 years). Secondly, this study aimed to examine group differences and factors associated with weight change during a nutrition and oral health intervention. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrial.

Modeling the stress and forces on multi-channel TMS coil arrays in high-field MRI scanners.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method for stimulating the cortex. Concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging can show changes in TMS-induced activity in the whole brain, with the potential to inform brain function research and to guide the development of TMS therapy. However, the interaction of the strong current pulses in the TMS coil in the static main magnetic field of the MRI produces high Lorentz forces, which may damage the coil enclosure and compromise the patient's safety.

Licensed Practical Nurses' Perceptions of the Benefits of Information Systems in Social and Healthcare Services.

Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) are the second largest occupational group and the largest group in the social and healthcare sector in Finland, and they have an extensive working environment. Like other health and social care professionals, LPNs also use health information systems (HIS) and client information systems (CIS) in their daily work. The aim of this study was to describe LPNs' perceptions of the benefits of information systems in daily patient care.

Reduced Auditory Perception and Brain Response with Quiet TMS Coil.

Background: Electromagnetic forces in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coils generate a loud clicking sound that produces confounding auditory activation and is potentially hazardous to hearing. To reduce this noise while maintaining stimulation efficiency similar to conventional TMS coils, we previously developed a quiet TMS double containment coil (qTMS-DCC).

Objective: To compare the stimulation strength, perceived loudness, and EEG response between qTMS-DCC and a commercial TMS coil.

Family caregivers' better nutritional status is associated with care recipients' better nutritional status.

Background And Aims: A high proportion of older care recipients (CRs) face malnutrition and risk of malnutrition, affecting their functional abilities and posing challenges for caregiving. The aim of this study was to assess the risk for malnutrition among older CRs and the associated characteristics of both CRs and family caregivers (FCs) with nutritional status of CRs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study consisted of 120 CRs (≥65 years) and their 118 FCs (≥60 years).

Use of oral health care services by family caregivers and care recipients: the LENTO intervention.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of an individually tailored preventive oral health intervention on the use of oral health care services by older family caregivers (FCs) and their care recipients (CRs).

Material And Methods: A randomized controlled six and 12-month oral health intervention study included FCs and CRs aged ≥65 years living in Eastern Finland. The participants were randomly assigned to an intervention (FCs n = 53, CRs n = 47) and a control (FCs n = 39, CRs n = 35) group.

Associations of plant-based foods, red and processed meat, and dairy with gut microbiome in Finnish adults.

Purpose: Population-based studies on the associations of plant-based foods, red meat or dairy with gut microbiome are scarce. We examined whether the consumption of plant-based foods (vegetables, potatoes, fruits, cereals), red and processed meat (RPM) or dairy (fermented milk, cheese, other dairy products) are related to gut microbiome in Finnish adults.

Methods: We utilized data from the National FINRISK/FINDIET 2002 Study (n = 1273, aged 25-64 years, 55% women).

Comorbid Word Reading and Mathematics Computation Difficulty at Start of First Grade.

The purpose of this analysis was to describe cognitive processes associated with comorbid difficulty between word reading (WR) and mathematics computation (MC) at the start of first grade among children selected for WR and MC delays. A sample of 234 children (mean age 6.50 years, = 0.

An optically pumped magnetic gradiometer for the detection of human biomagnetism.

We realise an intrinsic optically pumped magnetic gradiometer based on non-linear magneto-optical rotation. We show that our sensor can reach a gradiometric sensitivity of 18 fT and can reject common mode homogeneous magnetic field noise with up to 30 dB attenuation. We demonstrate that our magnetic field gradiometer is sufficiently sensitive and resilient to be employed in biomagnetic applications.

Design of biodegradable cellulose filtration material with high efficiency and breathability.

Using respiratory protective equipment is one of the relevant preventive measures for infectious diseases, including COVID-19, and for various occupational respiratory hazards. Because experienced discomfort may result in a decrease in the utilization of respirators, it is important to enhance the material properties to resolve suboptimal usage. We combined several technologies to produce a filtration material that met requirements set by a cross-disciplinary interview study on the usability of protective equipment.

Cumulative risk factors for injuries and poisoning requiring hospital care in youth with prenatal substance exposure: A longitudinal controlled cohort study.

To investigate whether the youth with prenatal substance exposure (PSE) (aged 15-24 years,  = 615) had been in hospital care more often due to injuries and poisoning in comparison with unexposed matched controls ( = 1787). Data from medical records (exposure) and national health and social welfare registers (outcome and confounders) were combined and youths were monitored from birth until either outpatient or inpatient hospital care for injury or poisoning, death or the end of the study period (December 2016). Cox regression models were used in the analyses accounting for associated child and maternal risk factors.

Citizens' digital footprints to support health promotion at the local level-PUHTI study, Finland.

Background: We aimed to explore to the possibilities of utilizing automatically accumulating data on health-owned for example by local companies and non-governmental organizations-to complement traditional health data sources in health promotion work at the local level.

Methods: Data for the PUHTI study consisted of postal code level information on sport license holders, drug purchase and sales advertisements in a TOR online underground marketplace, and grocery sales in Tampere. Additionally, open population register data were utilized.

Psychosocial and economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic by sex among migrant populations compared with general Finnish population: a population-based study.

Aims: To study sex differences in the psychosocial and economic impact of the restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 among the migrant origin and the general population in Finland.

Methods: Cross-sectional MigCOVID Survey data (10/2020-2/2021; =3668) were used. FinHealth 2017 Follow-up Study participants constituted the general population reference group (=3490).

Transcranial magnetic stimulation input-output curve slope differences suggest variation in recruitment across muscle representations in primary motor cortex.

Measurement of the input-output (IO) curves of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to assess corticospinal excitability and motor recruitment. While IO curves have been used to study disease and pharmacology, few studies have compared the IO curves across the body. This study sought to characterize IO curve parameters across the dominant and non-dominant sides of upper and lower limbs in healthy participants.

The contribution of first-episode illness characteristics and cumulative antipsychotic usage to progressive structural brain changes over a long-term follow-up in schizophrenia.

Exposure to antipsychotics as well as certain first-episode illness characteristics have been associated with greater gray matter (GM) deficits in the early phase of schizophrenia. Whether the first-episode illness characteristics affect the long-term progression of the structural brain changes remain unexplored. We therefore assessed the role of first-episode illness characteristics and life-time antipsychotic use in relation to long-term structural brain GM changes in schizophrenia.