The protein map of the protozoan parasite Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum during growth phase transition and temperature stress.

Leishmania parasites cause a spectrum of diseases termed leishmaniasis, which manifests in two main clinical forms, cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Leishmania promastigotes transit from proliferative exponential to quiescent stationary phases inside the insect vector, a relevant step that recapitulates early molecular events of metacyclogenesis. During the insect blood meal of the mammalian hosts, the released parasites interact initially with the skin, an event marked by temperature changes.

Perspectives and practices of personnel involved in family planning with women at reproductive risk.

Objective: To analyze the perspectives and practices of personnel involved in family planning with women at reproductive risk due to chronic diseases.

Method: Qualitative study in which physicians and nurses from primary care centers in a state in central Mexico were interviewed. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed under the Grounded Theory proposal.

A "turn-off" photoluminescent sensor for HO detection based on a zinc oxide-graphene quantum dot (ZnO-GQD) nanocomposite and the role of amine in the development of GQD.

In this work, graphene quantum dots (GQD) were prepared through a hydrothermal process. The photoluminescence (PL) emission spectrum for GQD prepared with high NHOH concentration (sample D1-t) was attained at lower wavelength (406 nm), compared to GQD synthesized with low NHOH concentration (sample D2-t attained at 418 nm). From these results, a smaller particle size for D1-t was deduced; according to TEM images the GQD particles are around 5 nm.

Data mining methodology for obtaining epidemiological data in the context of road transport systems.

Millions of people use public transport systems daily, hence their interest for the epidemiology of respiratory infectious diseases, both from a scientific and a health control point of view. This article presents a methodology for obtaining epidemiological information on these types of diseases in the context of a public road transport system. This epidemiological information is based on an estimation of interactions with risk of infection between users of the public transport system.

Autoimmunity in Primary Immunodeficiencies (PID).

Primary immunodeficiency (PID) may impact any component of the immune system. The number of PID and immune dysregulation disorders is growing steadily with advancing genetic detection methods. These expansive recognition methods have changed the way we characterize PID.

In-Depth Quantitative Proteomics Characterization of In Vitro Selected Miltefosine Resistance in .

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease caused by parasites. Although significant morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical regions of the world are associated with VL, the low investment for developing new treatment measures is chronic. Moreover, resistance and treatment failure are increasing for the main medications, but the emergence of resistance phenotypes is poorly understood at the protein level.

Nitric Oxide Resistance in () Involves Regulation of Glucose Consumption, Glutathione Metabolism and Abundance of Pentose Phosphate Pathway Enzymes.

In American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis production of cytokines, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (NO) by host macrophages normally lead to parasite death. However, some strains exhibit natural NO resistance. NO-resistant strains cause more lesions and are frequently more resistant to antimonial treatment than NO-susceptible ones, suggesting that NO-resistant parasites are endowed with specific mechanisms of survival and persistence.

The OxyR and SoxR transcriptional regulators are involved in a broad oxidative stress response in Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400.

Background: Aerobic metabolism generates reactive oxygen species that may cause critical harm to the cell. The aim of this study is the characterization of the stress responses in the model aromatic-degrading bacterium Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400 to the oxidizing agents paraquat and HO.

Methods: Antioxidant genes were identified by bioinformatic methods in the genome of P.

Sequence signatures of two public antibody clonotypes that bind SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic onset, the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively characterized. Antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike protein are frequently encoded by IGHV3-53/3-66 with a short complementarity-determining region (CDR) H3. Germline-encoded sequence motifs in heavy chain CDRs H1 and H2 have a major function, but whether any common motifs are present in CDR H3, which is often critical for binding specificity, is not clear.

Sequence signatures of two IGHV3-53/3-66 public clonotypes to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic onset, the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively characterized. Antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike protein are frequently encoded by IGHV3-53/3-66 with a short CDR H3. Germline-encoded sequence motifs in CDRs H1 and H2 play a major role, but whether any common motifs are present in CDR H3, which is often critical for binding specificity, have not been elucidated.

Quantitative analysis of proteins secreted by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis strains associated to distinct clinical manifestations of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis.

The role of Leishmania braziliensis in the development of different clinical forms of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is unclear, but it has been suggested that molecules secreted/released by parasites could modulate the clinical outcome. Here, we analyzed the infection rate and cytokine profile of macrophages pretreated with the secretome of two L. braziliensis strains associated with polar clinical forms of ATL: one associated with localized self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) and other associated with the disseminated form (DL).

In-depth quantitative proteomics uncovers specie-specific metabolic programs in Leishmania (Viannia) species.

Leishmania species are responsible for a broad spectrum of diseases, denominated Leishmaniasis, affecting over 12 million people worldwide. During the last decade, there have been impressive efforts for sequencing the genome of most of the pathogenic Leishmania spp. as well as hundreds of strains, but large-scale proteomics analyses did not follow these achievements and the Leishmania proteome remained mostly uncharacterized.

CIGB-300 anticancer peptide regulates the protein kinase CK2-dependent phosphoproteome.

Casein-kinase CK2 is a Ser/Thr protein kinase that fosters cell survival and proliferation of malignant cells. The CK2 holoenzyme, formed by the association of two catalytic alpha/alpha' (CK2α/CK2α') and two regulatory beta subunits (CK2β), phosphorylates diverse intracellular proteins partaking in key cellular processes. A handful of such CK2 substrates have been identified as targets for the substrate-binding anticancer peptide CIGB-300.

Biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profiles of an altered peptide ligand derived from heat-shock proteins 60 in Lewis rats.

Human heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60) is an autoantigen involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Epitopes derived from HSP60 can trigger activation of regulatory T cells (Treg). CIGB-814 is an altered peptide ligand (APL) derived from HSP60.

FOXN1 compound heterozygous mutations cause selective thymic hypoplasia in humans.

We report on 2 patients with compound heterozygous mutations in forkhead box N1 (FOXN1), a transcription factor essential for thymic epithelial cell (TEC) differentiation. TECs are critical for T cell development. Both patients had a presentation consistent with T-/loB+NK+ SCID, with normal hair and nails, distinct from the classic nude/SCID phenotype in individuals with autosomal-recessive FOXN1 mutations.

Proteomic profiling of splenic interstitial fluid of malnourished mice infected with Leishmania infantum reveals defects on cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory response.

Protein malnutrition is a risk factor for developing visceral leishmaniasis. Because we previously demonstrated that protein malnutrition and infection with Leishmania infantum disrupts the splenic microarchitecture in BALB/c mice, alters T cell-subsets and increases splenic parasite load, we hypothesize that splenic microenvironment is precociously compromised in infected animals that suffered a preceding malnutrition. To evaluate this, we characterized the abundance of proteins secreted in the splenic interstitial fluid (IF) using an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach.

Thymic Microenvironment Is Modified by Malnutrition and Infection.

Detrimental effects of malnutrition on immune responses to pathogens have long been recognized and it is considered a main risk factor for various infectious diseases, including visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Thymus is a target of both malnutrition and infection, but its role in the immune response to in malnourished individuals is barely studied. Because we previously observed thymic atrophy and significant reduction in cellularity and chemokine levels in malnourished mice infected with , we postulated that the thymic microenvironment is severely compromised in those animals.

Bus Travel Time Prediction Model Based on Profile Similarity.

In road-based mass transit systems, travel time is a key factor in providing quality of service. This article proposes a method of predicting travel time for this type of transport system. This method estimates travel time by taking into account its historical behaviour, represented by historical profiles, and the current behaviour recorded on the public transport vehicle for which the prediction is to be made.

In-Depth Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Trophozoites and Pseudocysts of Trichomonas vaginalis.

Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted anaerobic parasite that infects humans causing trichomoniasis, a common and ubiquitous sexually transmitted disease. The life cycle of this parasite possesses a trophozoite form without a cystic stage. However, the presence of nonproliferative and nonmotile, yet viable and reversible spherical forms with internalized flagella, denominated pseudocysts, has been commonly observed for this parasite.