Relationship Between Sedentary Lifestyle, Physical Activity and Stress in University Students and Their Life Habits: A Scoping Review with PRISMA Checklist (PRISMA-ScR).

Unlabelled: The global prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and the associated health risks, such as cardiovascular, metabolic and mental issues, is an epidemic worldwide problem, particularly in the university population.

Background/objectives: University students are particularly vulnerable because of academic pressure and lifestyle changes. Despite the well-known benefits of physical activity in reducing mental stress and improving physical and mental well-being, the literature lacks effective interventions and standardized protocols for this population.

Role of Circulating microRNAs in Liver Disease and HCC: Focus on miR-122.

miR-122 is the most abundant microRNA (miRNA) in the liver; it regulates several genes mainly involved in cell metabolism and inflammation. Host factors, diet, metabolic disorders and viral infection promote the development of liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The downregulation of miR-122 in tissue is a common feature of the progression of liver injury.

The Impact of Perception-Action Training Devices on Quickness and Reaction Time in Female Volleyball Players.

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of a training program utilizing action perception technology (PAD) tools on improving the motor reaction times and neuromuscular capabilities of the upper and lower limbs compared to a traditional training program. Twenty-four female volleyball players competing in the Italian national championship were randomized into two groups of 12 athletes each: an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). A preliminary analysis confirmed the absence of significant differences in age and anthropometric characteristics between the groups.

Ultra-Processed Food Intake and Increased Risk of Obesity: A Narrative Review.

The prevalence of obesity has become a global health concern, with significant impacts on quality of life and mortality rates. Recent research has highlighted the role of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in driving the obesity epidemic. UPFs undergo extensive processing, often containing high levels of sugars, fats, and additives, while lacking essential nutrients.

Molecular Characterization and Inhibition of a Novel Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Protecting Role for Misfolded TrkAIII in Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells.

Pediatric neuroblastomas (NBs) are heterogeneous, aggressive, therapy-resistant embryonal tumors that originate from cells of neural crest origin committed to the sympathoadrenal progenitor cell lineage. Stress- and drug-resistance mechanisms drive post-therapeutic relapse and metastatic progression, the characterization and inhibition of which are major goals in improving therapeutic responses. Stress- and drug-resistance mechanisms in NBs include alternative splicing of the neurotrophin receptor tropomyosin-related kinase A (), which correlates with post-therapeutic relapse and advanced-stage metastatic disease.

Exploring the Interplay between Bone Marrow Stem Cells and Obesity.

Obesity, a complex disorder with rising global prevalence, is a chronic, inflammatory, and multifactorial disease and it is characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation and associated comorbidities. Adipose tissue (AT) is an extremely diverse organ. The composition, structure, and functionality of AT are significantly influenced by characteristics specific to everyone, in addition to the variability connected to various tissue types and its location-related heterogeneity.

NF-κB: A Druggable Target in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that relies on highly heterogeneous cytogenetic alterations. Although in the last few years new agents have been developed for AML treatment, the overall survival prospects for AML patients are still gloomy and new therapeutic options are still urgently needed. Constitutive NF-κB activation has been reported in around 40% of AML patients, where it sustains AML cell survival and chemoresistance.

EV-Mediated Chemoresistance in the Tumor Microenvironment: Is NF-κB a Player?

Drug resistance is a major impediment to patient survival and remains the primary cause of unsuccessful cancer therapy. Drug resistance occurs in many tumors and is frequently induced by chemotherapy which triggers a defensive response both in cancerous and cancer-associated cells that constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cell to cell communication within the TME is often mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) which carry specific tumor-promoting factors able to activate survival pathways and immune escape mechanisms, thus sustaining tumor progression and therapy resistance.

Ultrasound-Based Method for the Identification of Novel MicroRNA Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer.

The detection of circulating microRNA (miRNA)-based biomarkers represents an innovative, non-invasive method for the early detection of cancer. However, the low concentration of miRNAs released in body fluids and the difficult identification of the tumor site have limited their clinical use as effective cancer biomarkers. To evaluate if ultrasound treatment could amplify the release of extracellular cancer biomarkers, we treated a panel of prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines with an ultrasound-based prototype and profiled the release of miRNAs in the extracellular space, with the aim of identifying novel miRNA-based biomarkers that could be used for PCa diagnosis and the monitoring of tumor evolution.

Emerging Role of isomiRs in Cancer: State of the Art and Recent Advances.

The advent of Next Generation Sequencing technologies brought with it the discovery of several microRNA (miRNA) variants of heterogeneous lengths and/or sequences. Initially ascribed to sequencing errors/artifacts, these isoforms, named isomiRs, are now considered non-canonical variants that originate from physiological processes affecting the canonical miRNA biogenesis. To date, accurate IsomiRs abundance, biological activity, and functions are not completely understood; however, the study of isomiR biology is an area of great interest due to their high frequency in the human miRNome, their putative functions in cooperating with the canonical miRNAs, and potential for exhibiting novel functional roles.

Endometriosis and adverse pregnancy outcome.

Introduction: Endometriosis is a gynecologic disease affecting approximately 10% of reproductive age women, around 21-47% of women presenting subfertility and 71-87% of women with chronic pelvic pain. Main symptoms are chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and infertility that seem to be well controlled by oral contraceptive pill, progestogens, GnRh antagonists. The aim of this review was to illustrate the modern diagnosis of endometriosis during pregnancy, to evaluate the evolution of endometriotic lesions during pregnancy and the incidence of adverse outcomes.

Coupled blue and red light-emitting diodes therapy efficacy in patients with rosacea: two case reports.

Background: Rosacea is a common inflammatory skin condition affecting approximately 5% of the world population. Therapeutic approaches to rosacea are focused on symptom suppression by means of anti-inflammatory agents. More recently, photodynamic therapy, especially light-emitting diodes, has been introduced as a valid alternative to conventional therapy.

Intra-patient Heterogeneity of BRAF and NRAS Molecular Alterations in Primary Melanoma and Metastases.

Mutations in MAPK signalling genes are driver events in melanoma, and have therapeutic relevance in the metastatic and adjuvant setting. This study evaluated the intra-patient heterogeneity of BRAF, NRAS and c-KIT mutational status between 30 primary melanomas and 39 related metastases, using molecular analysis and immunohistochemistry. BRAF mutations were identified in 46.

Clinical and Videodermoscopic Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of a Shampoo Containing Ichthyol, Zanthalene, Mandelic Acid, and Honey in the Treatment of Scalp Psoriasis.

Purpose Of The Study: The aim of the present prospective multicenter open study was to clinically and instrumentally evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a shampoo, Mellis Cap® shampoo, containing ichthyol, zanthalene, mandelic acid, and honeydew honey in the treatment of mild to moderate scalp psoriasis.

Procedures: Thirty subjects with mild to moderate psoriasis applied the shampoo three times a week for 12 weeks. The outcome was evaluated at 30 days (T1), 60 days (T2), and 90 days (T3) of treatment, comparing it to baseline (T0) by means of clinical and patients' evaluation, digital photographs, and videodermoscopy.

A Single-Arm, Open-Label, Phase IV Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Topical Formulation for Hyperkeratotic Actinic Keratosis Lesions.

Introduction: Actinic keratosis (AKs) are epidermal lesions that commonly occur in skin exposed to chronic cumulative UV irradiation. Untreated AK lesions can advance to squamous cell carcinoma. Current treatments of AK have many shortcomings; for instance, not all treatments can be used for the hyperkeratotic form of AK.

"Vessels in the Storm": Searching for Prognostic and Predictive Angiogenic Factors in Colorectal Cancer.

High expectations are placed upon anti-angiogenic compounds for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the first malignancy for which such type of treatment has been approved. Indeed, clinical trials have confirmed that targeting the formation of new vessels can improve in many cases clinical outcomes of mCRC patients. However, current anti-angiogenic drugs are far from obtaining the desirable or expected curative results.

Heterogeneity of BRAF, NRAS, and TERT Promoter Mutational Status in Multiple Melanomas and Association with MC1R Genotype: Findings from Molecular and Immunohistochemical Analysis.

Data on somatic heterogeneity and germline-somatic interaction in multiple primary melanoma (MPM) patients are limited. We investigated the mutational status of BRAF, NRAS, and TERT promoter genes in 97 melanomas of 44 MPM patients and compared molecular and immunohistochemical findings. We further evaluated the association of somatic alterations with the germline MC1R genotype.

Low HtrA1 expression in patients with long‑standing ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer.

The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) is being increasingly investigated. HtrA1 overexpression inhibits cell growth and proliferation by influencing apoptosis, invasiveness and migration of tumour cells. In the present study, HtrA1 expression was analysed in 228 colon tissue samples from patients with CRC, adenoma with high-grade dysplasia (AHD), adenoma with low-grade dysplasia (ALD), ulcerative colitis of >10 year duration (UCL), ulcerative colitis of <5 year duration (UCS) and colonic diverticulitis (D), and was compared with its expression in normal colon tissues (NCTs) collected 5 cm from the CRC lesion and in healthy colon mucosa (HC), to establish whether HtrA1 can serve as a biomarker for these conditions.

Confocal microscopy and imaging profilometry: A new tool aimed to evaluate aesthetic procedures.

According to the American Academy of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons, more than 11 million cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures were performed by board-certified plastic surgeons, dermatologists and otolaryngologists in the United States, totaling more than 12 billion dollars. We performed a retrospective observational multi-centric study on patients treated with a non-animal origin cross-linked hyaluronic acid with different molecular weights for nasolabial folds, evaluating through a new imaging system, profilometric techniques with the confocal microscopy, the durability, the efficacy and the safety of this product. From 25 patients, 150 silicone casts were obtained: 75 casts of the right nasolabial fold and 75 casts of the left nasolabial fold.

Efficacy and tolerability of a spray product containing hydroxypropyl chitosan, climbazole and piroctone olamine, applied twice weekly for the treatment of the pitiriasis versicolor.

Background: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a product containing hydroxypropyl chitosan, climbazole and piroctone olamine, by monitoring the adherence and the penetration of the molecules in the skin. Confocal microscopy led us to show the persistence of the active compound for a long time in the stratum corneum, thanks to the presence of hydroxypropyl chitosan. This evidence suggests a new protocol of application (a biweekly application, rather than daily).

A dietary supplement to reduce side effects of oral isotretinoin therapy in acne patients.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to analyze the potential capacity of a dietary supplement, based on gamma linolenic acid, vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, coenzyme Q10 and Vitis Vitifera, to reduce side effects, in particular the dry skin, erythema and desquamation, due to treatment with oral isotretinoin, and evaluate the ability of the product to increase adherence to therapy in patients with acne.

Methods: Forty-eight patients with nodular acne (32 females and 16 males) were randomly divided into 2 groups: 24 received isotretinoin therapy (20-30 mg/day) for 6 months associated to dietary supplement (twice a day), while the other 24 patients received only isotretinoin (20-30 mg/day) for 6 months. For all patients the degree of acne severity, through GAGS (Global Acne Grading System), the sebum production by Sebutape, the hydration by Corneometer and the erythema by Mexameter, were measured.