Durvalumab as consolidation therapy in patients who received chemoradiotherapy for unresectable stage III NSCLC: Real-world data from an expanded access program in Brazil (LACOG 0120).

Objective: The PACIFIC trial established standard therapy for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who did not progress after platinum-based concurrent chemoradiation therapy. However, real-world data, particularly from Latin America, remain limited. The LACOG 0120 study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of consolidation therapy with durvalumab in a real-world setting in Brazil.

Night shift work and lymphoma: results from an Italian multicentre case-control study.

Background: Night shift work can disrupt circadian rhythm and cause chronic sleep deprivation, which might increase the risk of lymphoma through immunosuppression and oxidative stress.

Material And Methods: We investigated the association between night shift work and risk of lymphoma subtypes in 867 incident cases and 774 controls, who participated in a multicentre Italian study between 2011 and 2017. Based on questionnaire information, occupational experts assessed the lifetime probability of night shift work, the total number of night shifts and years of night shift work among study participants.

Occupational exposure to glyphosate and risk of lymphoma:results of an Italian multicenter case-control study.

Background: The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recently classified glyphosate, the most used herbicide worldwide, as a probable human carcinogen. We inquired into the association between occupational exposure to glyphosate and risk of lymphoma subtypes in a multicenter case-control study conducted in Italy.

Methods: The Italian Gene-Environment Interactions in Lymphoma Etiology (ItGxE) study took place in 2011-17 in six Italian centres.

Genetically Determined Height and Risk of Non-hodgkin Lymphoma.

Although the evidence is not consistent, epidemiologic studies have suggested that taller adult height may be associated with an increased risk of some non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. Height is largely determined by genetic factors, but how these genetic factors may contribute to NHL risk is unknown. We investigated the relationship between genetic determinants of height and NHL risk using data from eight genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprising 10,629 NHL cases, including 3,857 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 2,847 follicular lymphoma (FL), 3,100 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 825 marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) cases, and 9,505 controls of European ancestry.

Methylation alteration of as a predictive, diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant B cells. To predict the clinical course of the disease, the identification of diagnostic biomarkers is urgently needed. Aberrant methylation patterns may predict CLL development and its course, being very early changes during carcinogenesis.

Outcome of Patients With Breast Cancer Treated in a Private Health Care Institution in Brazil.

Purpose: Middle-income countries like Brazil often have a dichotomous health care system in which patients may be treated in either public or private institutions that differ substantially in terms of level of access to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective, observational study to assess real-world data in 1,230 female patients with breast cancer who were treated in a private health care institution between 2012 and 2016 in Brazil.

Results: Breast cancer in these patients mostly was diagnosed at early (79.

Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and risk of lymphoma subtypes.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor implicated in several pathways known to be relevant in lymphomagenesis. Aim of our study was to explore the link between AhR activation and risk of lymphoma subtypes. We used a Dual-Luciferase Assay and a luminometer to detect the activation of the luciferase gene, in HepG2 cells transfected with a specific reporter systems, by a 50 ml serum aliquot of cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (N = 108), follicular lymphoma (N = 85), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (N = 72), multiple myeloma (N = 80), and Hodgkin lymphoma (N = 94) and 357 controls who participated in the multicentre Italian study on gene-environment interactions in lymphoma etiology (ItGxE).

[Study of diagnostic features, health care quality and surgical treatment among women living in the LHAs of Novara and Verbano Cusio Ossola hospitalized for breast cancer].

This study included 304 women, 128 Screen Detected (SD) e 176 non Screen Detected (NSD), aged 50-69, living in the ex-local health authorities (LHAs) 13 and 14, hospitalized for breast cancer or related chemotherapy or radiation treatments in 2003-2004. Some variables were detected from medical records in order to evaluate the local screening program. The results confirm that a prevention activity allows a rapid identification of cancer and less invasive surgery procedures.

Study of socio-economic characteristics, diagnosis and outcome of women participating or not participating in mammogram screening.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Early detection is essential to reduce cancer mortality. Studying participation in an organised breast cancer screening program is important in order to evaluate the program effectiveness.

Genetic variants associated with increased risk of malignant pleural mesothelioma: a genome-wide association study.

Asbestos exposure is the main risk factor for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), a rare aggressive tumor. Nevertheless, only 5-17% of those exposed to asbestos develop MPM, suggesting the involvement of other environmental and genetic risk factors. To identify the genetic risk factors that may contribute to the development of MPM, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS; 370,000 genotyped SNPs, 5 million imputed SNPs) in Italy, among 407 MPM cases and 389 controls with a complete history of asbestos exposure.

Diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of pleural and lung ultrasound in discriminating cardiogenic causes of acute dyspnea in the emergency department.

Dyspnea is a common symptom in patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED), and discriminating between cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic dyspnea is often a clinical dilemma. The initial diagnostic work-up may be inaccurate in defining the etiology and the underlying pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of pleural and lung ultrasound (PLUS), performed by emergency physicians at the time of a patient's initial evaluation in the ED, in identifying cardiac causes of acute dyspnea.

XRCC1 and ERCC1 variants modify malignant mesothelioma risk: a case-control study.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare aggressive tumor associated with asbestos exposure. The possible role of genetic factors has also been suggested and MPM has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of xenobiotic and oxidative metabolism enzymes. We have identified an association of the DNA repair gene XRCC1 with MPM in the population of Casale Monferrato, a town exposed to high asbestos pollution.

Pooled analysis of NAT2 genotypes as risk factors for asbestos-related malignant mesothelioma.

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare and aggressive tumor of the pleura. The most important causal factor for the development of MM is occupational exposure to asbestos. Different lines of evidence suggest a role of genetic background in MM development, as for other cancers.

Lack of association of HLA class I genes and TNF alpha-308 polymorphism in toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma.

Background: Toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma is a common cause of occupational asthma and it affects 5-15% of the exposed population suggesting an underlying genetic susceptibility.

Methods: To investigate the role of genetic factors in the development of TDI-induced asthma, we analyzed the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I genes and of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha A-308G polymorphism in 142 patients with TDI-induced asthma and in 50 asymptomatic exposed subjects.

Results: Neither the distribution of HLA class I antigens nor the distribution of TNF-alpha A-308G polymorphism was different between patients with TDI-induced asthma and asymptomatic exposed subjects.

Long-term follow-up of toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma.

Eighty-seven cases of occupational asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate (TDI) were diagnosed by an inhalation challenge with TDI and methacholine. After an average follow-up interval of 11 yrs, all subjects were re-examined. Of the 87 subjects examined, 13 (15%) had remained in the same job, 44 (50.

Glutathione S-transferase GSTP1 is a susceptibility gene for occupational asthma induced by isocyanates.

Background: Polymorphism at the pi class glutathione-S-transferase locus (GSTP1) is associated with allergen-induced asthma and related phenotypes.

Objective: We sought to determine whether GSTP1 polymorphism influences susceptibility to asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate (TDI).

Methods: The role of GSTP1 was assessed in 131 workers exposed to TDI, 92 with TDI-induced asthma and 39 asymptomatic subjects.

Extracellular NAD(+) induces calcium signaling and apoptosis in human osteoblastic cells.

ADP-ribosyl cyclase/CD38 is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes at its ectocellular domain the synthesis from NAD(+) (cyclase) and the hydrolysis (hydrolase) of the calcium-mobilizing second messenger cyclic ADP ribose (cADPR). Furthermore, CD38 mediates cADPR influx inside a number of cells, thereby inducing Ca(2+) mobilization. Intracellularly, cADPR releases Ca(2+) from ryanodine-sensitive pools, thus activating several Ca(2+)-dependent functions.

Association between HLA genes and susceptibility to toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma.

Background: Only a small proportion of subjects exposed to isocyanates develop occupational asthma, suggesting individual predisposition. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules may play a crucial role in the development of the immune response to isocyanates.

Objectives: To investigate the role of HLA class II molecules in the development of toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma.

Influence of length of time on dialysis before grafting on kidney transplant results.

The outcome of kidney transplantation was evaluated in 246 nondiabetic, CsA-treated recipients of primary cadaver transplant, divided into 4 groups according to length of time on dialysis: group < or = 2, 0-24 months; group 2-5, 25-60 months; group 5-15, 61-180 months; group > 15, over 180 months. The 4 groups did not differ in graft survival, proteinuria (g/die), or estimated GFR values at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after grafting. They did not differ in the frequency of cataract, hip osteonecrosis, tumors, or posttransplant diabetes mellitus at 3 years after grafting.

Plasma steroid responses to circadian-stage-specified injection of different doses of the ACTH analogue alsactide (ACTH 1-17) in healthy adult human males.

Plasma cortisol, progesterone, testosterone and aldosterone levels were measured on serial blood samples drawn in 10 healthy adult human males up to 6h after single administration at about 07 of increasing amounts of the short-chain analogue ACTH-agonist alsactide (Synchrodyn 1-17). The following doses were employed: 2, 4, 8, 10 and 20 micrograms subcutaneously (s.c.