Socio-demographic and behavioural determinants of HIV prevalence among homosexual and bisexual men having sex with men (MSM) in India: Integrated bio-behavioural surveillance.

Background: HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) is 16.5 times higher than adult HIV prevalence. With a socio-cultural context that demands marriage, a considerable proportion of MSM in India have female sexual partners and act as a bridge population.

Injecting drug use & HIV prevalence among female sex workers: Evidence from the National Integrated Biological & Behavioural Surveillance, India.

Background & Objectives: Female sex workers (FSWs) who inject drugs (FSW-IDs) have a higher risk of HIV infection and transmission. Understanding the socio-demographic characteristics and other risk behaviours among FSW-IDs will help in strengthening targeted interventions for HIV prevention and management. In the present study, the HIV prevalence, associated socio-demographic characteristics and risk behaviours among FSWs who injected drugs (FSW-IDs) and those who did not ID (FSW-NIDs) was determined in India.

Impact of the COVID-19-induced lockdown on the incidence of ocular trauma presenting to a tertiary care hospital.

Objective: To assess the effects of lockdown and unlock phases mandated in view of COVID-19 on the incidence and characteristics of ocular trauma presenting to a tertiary care hospital.

Methods And Analysis: The study was carried out as a hospital record based retrospective comparative analysis on patients presenting with ocular trauma in the lockdown period (March-July 2020) compared with the same time frame of the previous year considered as prelockdown period (March-July 2019) and during the unlock phases (August-December 2020).

Results: Overall, the casualty department saw 464 patients of ocular trauma in the prelockdown period, 173 in the lockdown and 253 in unlock.

An Analysis of Levels and Trends in HIV Prevalence Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Karnataka, South India, 2003-2019.

Background And Objective: Periodic tracking of the trends and the levels of HIV prevalence at regional and district levels helps to strengthen a state's HIV/AIDS response. HIV prevalence among pregnant women is crucial for the HIV prevalence estimation of the general population. Karnataka is one of the high HIV prevalence states in India.

Heterogeneity and Confinement of HIV Prevalence among Pregnant Women Calls for Decentralized HIV Interventions: Analysis of Data from Three Rounds of HIV Sentinel Surveillance in Karnataka: 2013-2017.

Background: The HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS) serves to estimate the levels and trend of HIV prevalence among high-risk, bridge, and general population and monitors HIV management at national, state, and district levels. Data from HSS are valuable in understanding the risk factors associated with HIV transmission with particular demographic characteristics.

Objectives: The objective was to analyze the sociodemographic profile of the pregnant mothers attending the antenatal care (ANC) clinics in Karnataka, in order to understand the dynamics of HIV within the general population in Karnataka.

Comparison of cytokeratin expressions among orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts, epidermoid cysts and odontogenic keratocysts: An immunohistochemical study.

Background: Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts are keratinizing jaw cysts and due their association with impacted teeth and keratinaceous content, they resemble odontogenic keratocysts but differ in regards to biological behaviour, being less aggressive. To unravel the nature of OOCs, as they resemble epidermoid cysts histologically and due to their developmental resemblances to OKCs, this study was conducted.

Aim And Objective: To compare the cytokeratin expressions of CK 10 and CK 19 among orthokeratinized odontogenic keratocysts, epidermoid cysts and odontogenic keratocysts by immunohistochemical study.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with HIV Infection among Pregnant Women in Odisha State, India.

Background And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze trends in HIV prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Odisha State, India.

Methods: Data were from the HIV Sentinel Surveillance (HSS) among pregnant women, a descriptive cross-sectional study using consecutive sampling method and conducted in India. Data and samples were collected from pregnant women attending select antenatal clinics that act as designated sentinel sites in Odisha State, India, during the three months surveillance period and in three surveillance years: 2013, 2015, and 2017.

Carcinoma Cuniculatum of the Alveolar Mucosa: A Rare Variant of Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Carcinoma cuniculatum is one of the variants of squamous cell carcinoma. It is significantly rare with an incidence rate < 1% compared to other histological variants of squamous cell carcinoma. Various etiologic factors implicated are trauma, HPV, chronic inflammation and alcohol consumption but real causative agent still remains unclear.

Comparison of feto-maternal organ derived stem cells in facets of immunophenotype, proliferation and differentiation.

Scientific explorations on feto-maternal organ stem cells revealed its possible applicability in treatment of various diseases. However, establishment of an ideal placental tissue stem cell source in regenerative application is inconclusive and arduous. Hence, this study aims to resolve this tribulation by comparison of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from fetal placenta - amniotic membrane (AM-MSC), chorionic plate (CP-MSC) tissue and the maternal placenta-Decidua (D-MSC), thereby facilitating the researchers to determine their pertinent source.