Exploring the effects of probiotics on olanzapine-induced metabolic syndrome through the gut microbiota.

Background: Maintaining gut microbial homeostasis is crucial for human health, as imbalances in the gut microbiota (GM) can lead to various diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MS), exacerbated by the use of antipsychotic medications such as olanzapine (OLZ). Understanding the role of the GM in OLZ-induced MS could lead to new therapeutic strategies. This study used metagenomic analysis to explore the impact of OLZ on the GM composition and examined how probiotics can mitigate its adverse effects in a rat model.

Gut Pathogen Colonization: A Risk Factor to Bloodstream Infections in Preterm Neonates Admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Gut pathogen colonization, where pathogens disrupt the normal gut microbiota, has been implicated in the development of bloodstream infections (BSIs). This study investigates the association between gut pathogen colonization and BSI, hypothesizing that species causing BSI primarily originated from gut.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India, from January 2021 to September 2023.

(Goji berry) mouthwash for managing periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Removal of the microbial deposits (plaque and calculus) by performing effective scaling and root planing (SRP) is the fundamental step for managing periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). Various adjuncts in the form of mouthwash, gels, and toothpaste are also being used as adjuncts to SRP for managing periodontitis. Recently, ( ), commonly known as goji berry or wolfberry, has gained popularity for managing chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases.

Assessment of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program for Enhancing Clinical Knowledge in Neonatal Care Settings With High Antimicrobial Resistance.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem, which is particularly challenging in developing countries like India. This study attempts to determine the competencies of health care professionals and to update evidence-based policies to address AMR.

Method: A survey-based educational interventional study was conducted using a validated structured survey and knowledge questionnaire under 3 domains through an antimicrobial stewardship program.

Gram-Negative Colonization and Bacterial Translocation Drive Neonatal Sepsis in the Indian Setting.

Background: The gut microbiota, comprising billions of microorganisms, plays a pivotal role in health and disease. This study aims to investigate the effect of sepsis on gut microbiome of neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out in the NICU of tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India, from January 2021 to September 2023.

Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin Demonstrate Enhanced Anti-Biofilm Effect Compared to Enamel Matrix Derivatives on Decontaminated Titanium Surfaces.

Background: The search for effective antimicrobial agents to mitigate peri-implant infections remains a crucial aspect of implant dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of i-PRF, A-PRF+, and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on decontaminated rough and smooth titanium (Ti) discs.

Materials And Methods: Rough and smooth Ti discs were coated with multispecies biofilm and thoroughly debrided using a chitosan-bristled brush.

Polymeric functionalization of mesoporous silica nanoparticles: Biomedical insights.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) endowed with polymer coatings present a versatile platform, offering notable advantages such as targeted, pH-controlled, and stimuli-responsive drug delivery. Surface functionalization, particularly through amine and carboxyl modification, enhances their suitability for polymerization, thereby augmenting their versatility and applicability. This review delves into the diverse therapeutic realms benefiting from polymer-coated MSNs, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), chemotherapy, RNA delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, food packaging, and neurodegenerative disorder treatment.

Understanding antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Finegoldia magna: an insight to an untrodden path.

Background: Finegoldia magna (formerly known as Peptococcus magnus or Peptostreptococcus magnus) belonging to phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia and genus Finegoldia, is the only species known to cause infections in human beings. Amongst Gram positive anaerobic cocci, F. magna is known to be the most virulent with a high pathogenic potential.

Antimicrobial, anti-adhesion, anti-biofilm properties of goji berry () against periodontal bacteria: potential benefits for periodontal diseases.

Objectives: commonly known as goji berry, Himalayan berry, or Tibetian berry, is emerging as a popular "superfood" with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its use for the management of oral inflammatory diseases has not been explored. The present study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial, anti-adhesion, anti-biofilm, and cytotoxic properties of an ethanolic extract of (LBE) against common oral and periodontal pathogens.

Clinico-microbiological profile of with focus on molecular detection of emerging resistance.

Background & Objective: Bacteroides fragilis is a Gram-negative anaerobic opportunistic pathogen which is managed by empirical anaerobic coverage as a hospital norm. However, with rising reports of resistance among B. fragilis strains, antibiotic susceptibility testing for this pathogen may be the only way to understand the magnitude of the problem.

"Breast abscess in a male patient due to Finegoldia magna and Bifidobacterium scardovii: An unusual entity".

Breast abscess in men is a very uncommon condition. Unlike females, breast abscesses in men are commonly caused by aerobic organisms and very rarely by anaerobes. We are hereby reporting a case of retro-areolar abscess in a male patient caused by anaerobic organisms.

Effect of Maleic Acid Root Conditioning on Release of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 from Infected Root Canal Dentin.

Introduction: Chemically released growth factors play a vital role in regenerative endodontics. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is 1 of the most extensively studied bioactive molecules that promotes cell proliferation, differentiation, and chemotaxis. The goal of the current research was to analyze the effect of 7% maleic acid (MA) root conditioning of an infected root canal on the release of TGF-β1.

Diabetic Foot Infection with .

>Diabetic foot infections are the most common serious diabetes-related complication posing significant socioeconomic burden on the health-care system. Diabetic foot microbiota consists of polymicrobial flora with predominance of Gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes. Here, we report a rare case of diabetic foot infection by , an obligate Gram-negative anaerobic bacillus which is commonly encountered in polymicrobial animal bite wound infections.

Evaluation of various irrigation activation systems to eliminate bacteria from the root canal system: A randomized controlled single blinded trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of NaOCl irrigant activation using passive ultrasonic activation, F-files, XP-endo Finisher files and or needle irrigation alone on the reduction of intracanal bacteria from root canals in teeth undergoing root canal treatment.

Methods: Eighty patients with asymptomatic apical periodontitis were randomly divided into four groups. Access cavities were prepared and pre-treatment samples were taken (S1).

Microbiological profile of chronic osteomyelitis with special reference to anaerobic osteomyelitis in a tertiary care hospital of coastal Karnataka.

Chronic osteomyelitis is a relapsing, persistent, low-grade inflammation of bone caused by various infectious agents. The present study, conducted over a two-year period, on specimens received from cases of chronic osteomyelitis was, to determine the frequency of isolation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and to analyse their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Specimens were processed for Gram stain, aerobic and anaerobic culture, and were identified according to standard techniques.

Correlation Between Microbiological Profiles of Adenoid Tissue and Nasal Discharge in Children with Co-existent Chronic Adenoiditis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Chronic adenoiditis leading to adenoid hypertrophy is common in children. Many cases would also have co-existing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Infact, long lasting bacterial infection of the adenoids has been hypothesized to be the cause for CRS in these children.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Gene Detection among Group Isolates in a University Hospital in South India.

Introduction: Members of group are the most frequently isolated anaerobic pathogens in the clinical laboratory from diverse infection sites. The objective of this study was to characterize isolates from various clinical specimens, to analyze their susceptibility profile toward most common anti-anaerobic antimicrobials, and to study the frequency of gene determining resistance to nitroimidazoles.

Methods: Specimens processed for anaerobic culture between January 2013 and December 2015 were analyzed.

Anaerobic Bacteria in Clinical Specimens - Frequent, But a Neglected Lot: A Five Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction: Anaerobic bacteria which constitute a significant proportion of the normal microbiota also cause variety of infections involving various anatomic sites. Considering the tedious culture techniques with longer turnaround time, anaerobic cultures are usually neglected by clinicians and microbiologists.

Aim: To study the frequency of isolation of different anaerobic bacteria from various clinical specimens.

Microbiological Characterization of Haemophilus influenzae Isolated from Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital, South India.

Introduction: Haemophilus influenzae is responsible for wide range of localized and invasive lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) with the highest burden of disease in low and middle income countries.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to characterize the H.influenzae isolates from suspected LRTI.