PneumoBrowse 2: an integrated visual platform for curated genome annotation and multiomics data analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an opportunistic human pathogen responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. Extensive genome sequencing revealed its large pangenome, serotype diversity, and provided insight into genome dynamics. However, functional genome analysis has lagged behind, as that requires detailed and time-consuming manual curation of genome annotations and integration of genomic and phenotypic data.

An efficient -inducible CRISPR interference system for group A genetic analysis and pathogenesis studies.

Unlabelled: While genome-wide transposon mutagenesis screens have identified numerous essential genes in the significant human pathogen (group A or GAS), many of their functions remain elusive. This knowledge gap is attributed in part to the limited molecular toolbox for controlling GAS gene expression and the bacterium's poor genetic transformability. CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), using catalytically inactive GAS Cas9 (dCas9), is a powerful approach to specifically repress gene expression in both bacteria and eukaryotes, but ironically, it has never been harnessed for controlled gene expression in GAS.

Triggering Toll-Like Receptor 5 Signaling During Pneumococcal Superinfection Prevents the Selection of Antibiotic Resistance.

Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) signaling plays a key role in antibacterial defenses. We previously showed that respiratory administration of flagellin, a potent TLR5 agonist, in combination with amoxicillin (AMX) improves the treatment of primary pneumonia or superinfection caused by AMX-sensitive or AMX-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Here, the impact of adjunct flagellin therapy on antibiotic dose/regimen and the selection of antibiotic-resistant S.

Gaps in the wall: understanding cell wall biology to tackle amoxicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, and one of the main pathogens responsible for otitis media infections in children. Amoxicillin (AMX) is a broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic, used frequently for the treatment of bacterial respiratory tract infections. Here, we discuss the pneumococcal response to AMX, including the mode of action of AMX, the effects on autolysin regulation, and the evolution of resistance through natural transformation.

The acquisition of clinically relevant amoxicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae requires ordered horizontal gene transfer of four loci.

Understanding how antimicrobial resistance spreads is critical for optimal application of new treatments. In the naturally competent human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae, resistance to β-lactam antibiotics is mediated by recombination events in genes encoding the target proteins, resulting in reduced drug binding affinity. However, for the front-line antibiotic amoxicillin, the exact mechanism of resistance still needs to be elucidated.

Herbicide ingredients change sv. Typhimurium and antibiotic responses.

Herbicides are frequently released into both rural and urban environments. Commercial herbicide formulations induce adaptive changes in the way bacteria respond to antibiotics. sv.