Discovery of Novel Substituted -(4-Amino-2-chlorophenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide Analogues as Potent Human Adenovirus Inhibitors.

An effective therapy for human adenovirus (HAdV) infections in immunocompromised patients and healthy individuals with community-acquired pneumonia remains an unmet medical need. We herein reported a series of novel substituted -(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide analogues as potent HAdV inhibitors. Compounds , , , , , , , and exhibited increased selectivity indexes (SI > 100) compared to the lead compound niclosamide, while maintaining sub-micromolar to low micromolar potency against HAdV.

Semi-mechanistic PK/PD modelling of combined polymyxin B and minocycline against a polymyxin-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii.

Objectives: To expand on previous reports of synergy between polymyxin B (PMB) and minocycline (MIN) against Acinetobacter baumannii; and to gain insight into the qualitative and quantitative determinants of their synergy.

Methods: A semi-mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model was developed on the basis of data from in vitro time-kill experiments with determination of resistant bacterial count to describe the effects of PMB and MIN alone and in combination. The model was enriched by complementary experiments providing information on the characteristics of the resistant subpopulation.

Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Treatment for Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Exacerbations: A Prospective Multicentre Observational Cohort Study.

Background: The recently published guidelines of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery encourage physicians to use outpatient antimicrobial therapy to treat exacerbations in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). The published literature on this topic, however, is scarce.

Methods: We report a prospective observational cohort study of patients with NCFB who received treatment at home for at least one exacerbation episode between September 2012 and September 2017 as part of an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) program.

Acinetobacter baumannii in critically ill patients: Molecular epidemiology, clinical features and predictors of mortality.

Introduction: The main aim of this study was to assess changes in the epidemiology and clinical presentation of Acinetobacter baumannii over a 10-year period, as well as risk factors of mortality in infected patients.

Method: Prospective, multicentre, hospital-based cohort studies including critically ill patients with A. baumannii isolated from any clinical sample were included.

Urinary tract infection in kidney transplant recipients.

Infectious complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality among transplant recipients. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infectious complication in kidney transplant recipients with a reported incidence from 25% to 75%, varies widely likely due to differences in definition, diagnostic criteria, study design, and length of observation. We sought reviews the incidence and importance of urinary tract infection on graft survival, the microbiology with special emphasis on multidrug resistant microorganisms, the therapeutic management of UTI and the prophylaxis of recurrent UTI among solid organ transplant recipients, highlighting the need for prospective clinical trials to unify the clinical management in this population.

[The referral of infectious diseases is a key activity for infectious diseases departments and units, as well as for the hospital].

Infectious diseases referrals (IDR) is a core activity of infectious diseases departments, and is certainly the one with the greatest potential impact on the hospital due to their cross-sectional nature, and with the emergence of a bacterial resistance and antimicrobial crisis. However, there is no standard model for IDR, no official training, and evaluation is merely descriptive. Paradoxically IDR are at risk in a health system that demands more quality and efficiency.

[Infection by the pandemic virus (H1N1) 2009 in Andalusia].

In April 2009, in response to the WHO's alert due to the existence of human infection cases with a new AH1N1 influenza virus, known as swine flu, Andalusian Health Authorities trigger an specific action plan. The surveillance actions developped provided us with appropriate clinical, epidemiological and virological characteristics of the disease. During the first few days, contingency plans were set up based on epidemiological surveillance and outbreak control measures were adopted through early alert and rapid response systems.

[Bacteremia caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: epidemiology, clinical features, and prognosis factors].

The epidemiologic, clinical and prognostic characteristics of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremias for a six-year period (January 1993 to December 1998) were reviewed. Twenty episodes of S. maltophilia bacteremia were include, which represented 0.

[Curative treatment with fluconazole in 5 cases of invasive candidiasis].

Background: Amphotericin B is the treatment of choice for invasive and disseminated Candida sp. infections. Fluconazole is an antifungal drug with less toxicity.

Antibodies to antigen A60 in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with tuberculous meningitis.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) anti-mycobacterial antigen 60 (A60) IgM, IgG and IgA in patients affected by meningitis of different etiologies were assayed as a rapid diagnostic test in cases of tuberculous meningitis. A commercial EIA was used to test 127 CSF samples classified as follows: tuberculous meningitis (n = 27 CSF samples from 16 patients, 6 of them with AIDS), pyogenic meningitis (n = 13), non-tuberculous aseptic meningitis (n = 43) and 44 normal CSF samples (16 of them from HIV-positive patients, 8 of whom had extraneurological tuberculosis). Anti-A60 IgM was positive only in two cases (1 tuberculous meningitis and 1 self-resolving aseptic meningitis).

[Pyomyositis caused by Staphylococcus aureus].

Background: An evaluation of the clinical characteristics and profitability of the diagnostic methods of myositis by Staphylococcus aureus was undertaken in favor of earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: Twenty-eight cases of pyomyositis by S. aureus attended over the last nine years were studied.

[Cryptococcosis of the central nervous system. Clinical and diagnostic characteristics].

Background: Evaluation of the clinical features and diagnostic methods in the cryptococcosis of central nervous system (CNS), so as to facilitate a rapid recognition which may result in earlier diagnosis in view of the rapid increase in frequency shown in that condition.

Methods: A retrospective study of 13 patients with CNS cryptococcosis seen during the last 4 years. The isolation of C.

[Cerebral hydatidosis. Analysis of a series of 23 cases].

Background: The aim of the present study was to contribute to the knowledge of cerebral hydatidosis so as to improve the prognosis of a benign condition with a malignant behavior, as it has a high relapse rate with a high morbidity.

Methods: A retrospective study of cerebral hydatidosis has been carried out in 23 patients, seen at the University Hospital Virgen del Rocío during the last 20 years. The following variables were recorded: 1) Sex and age at presentation; 2) epidemiological data; 3) number, size, localization and rate of growth of cysts; 4) latency period; 5) clinical features; 6) yield of imaging procedures; 7) surgical approaches and medical therapy; and 8) relapses and sequelae.

[Multicenter study of tuberculosis in clinical autopsies in Andalucia, in the 1973-1988 period].

We revised 6,863 protocols of clinical autopsies in four hospitals of the Andalusian Health Service, from 1973 to 1988, out of which 2,814 were valid, and finding 81 active tuberculosis cases (TBC) (2.87%), in 53 males and 28 females, with mean age of 54.41 years.

[Primary pyomyositis in mild climates. Presentation of 2 new cases].

Pyomyositis is an acute bacterial infection which affects striated muscles. It is a relatively rare process in mild climates. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for 90-95% of cases.

[Arthritis and purulent pericarditis as presenting form of sepsis caused by serogroup C meningococcus].

Meningococcal sepsis is usually a severe disease with very varied clinical manifestations. In our surrounding the most frequently appearing Neisseria meningitidis belongs to serogroup B, and only 10.2% belongs to group C.

[Hydatidosis of the posterior fossa].

The hydatid cyst is an endemic zoonosis in Spain. The central nervous system is seldom affected, the hydatid cyst in cerebellum being very rare. A patient with hydatid cyst affecting the vermis and right cerebellar hemisphere is presented.