Low Dose hCG Support in Modified Natural Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles.

What is the effect of a single low-dose recombinant hCG injection after embryo transfer (ET) in letrozole-induced modified natural frozen embryo transfer cycles (mNC-FET)?. An observational study was conducted in the university-affiliated referral clinic between 2022 and 2024. Women aged 18-42 with at least one vitrified blastocyst obtained from the previous cycle(s) were included.

Oral, vaginal or intramuscular progesterone in programmed frozen embryo transfer cycles: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Research Question: What should be the optimal route of luteal support in programmed frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles?

Design: This was a randomized, parallel, phase IV pilot trial with three groups of women undergoing FET along with hormone replacement therapy for endometrial preparation at a tertiary private IVF centre (NCT03948022). Women with at least one autologous cryopreserved blastocyst were included. After preparing the endometrium with oestradiol, 151 women were randomly assigned to one of the following three progesterone arms before embryo transfer: oral (10 mg) dydrogesterone (DYD), total daily dose 40 mg (n = 52); 8% (90 mg) progesterone vaginal gel (VAG), total daily dose 180 mg (n = 55); or intramuscular progesterone (IMP) 50 mg/ml in oil, total daily dose 100 mg (n = 44).

Does Microfluidic Sperm Sorting Affect Embryo Euploidy Rates in Couples with High Sperm DNA Fragmentation?

Male infertility contributes as the main factor in 30-50% of infertility cases. Conventional methods for sperm preparation have induced questioning of sperm recovery rates. The microfluidic sperm sorting (MSS) technique selects highly motile sperm with lower levels of SDF (sperm DNA fragmentation) compared to conventional sperm sorting techniques.

The assessment of the relationship between the vascularity of FIGO Type 4-7 leiomyomas and abnormal uterine bleeding.

The current study aimed to analyse and compare the vascularity of FIGO Type 4-7 leiomyoma specimens obtained from women with or without abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). The records of 31 women who underwent myomectomy for FIGO Type 4-7 leiomyomas in a university hospital setting were analysed. Group I ( = 16) was composed of women that were symptomatic for AUB and group II ( = 15) consisted of asymptomatic cases.

Follicular flushing using double lumen needle yields more oocytes in mono-follicular poor responders.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of follicular flushing (FF) with double lumen needle and direct follicular aspiration with single lumen needle in terms of oocyte yield in mono-follicular responder patients undergoing assisted reproduction techniques (ART).

Materials And Methods: Prospective 'quasi-experimental' study was carried out in an IVF center. Infertile women 18-42 years of age with diminished ovarian reserve who revealed a single follicle >17 mm on the day of oocyte retrieval were included in the study.

Single-step hysteroscopic myomectomy for submucous leiomyoma.

Objective: Leiomyomas are most commonly observed benign tumors in the female genital tract. Depending on the size, number, and location, the complete resection of Type 0, 1, and 2 leiomyomas by hysteroscopy can be completed in a single-step or multi-step procedure. The purpose of this study is to document the cases of hysteroscopic myomectomy performed via the resectoscopic technique in the gynecology department of a university hospital.

Luteal phase support in fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles.

Nearly 5 million babies have been delivered following assisted conception (IVF/ICSI) and the demand is increasing. Meticulous ovarian stimulation and well programmed luteal phase support are the landmarks of treatment success. Although the importance of luteal phase support in IVF/ICSI cycles is well established, the optimal route, dose and duration of this support is still a matter of debate.

Reproductive outcomes of patients with T-Shaped and septate uterus following metroplasty: an observational study.

Introduction: Uterine malformations are common and may contribute to infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes. After an accurate diagnosis, correcting the abnormal uterine morphology is the main goal to optimize reproductive outcomes. The principal objective of this study was to assess the impact of metroplasty for T-shaped (U1a) and septate uteri (U2) on live birth rates in infertile patients.

New Crosslinked Hyaluronan Gel, Intrauterine Device, or Both for the Prevention of Intrauterine Adhesions.

Background And Objectives: To compare the efficacy of 3 different techniques for prevention of adhesion reformation after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis in patients with moderate-to-severe intrauterine adhesions. Short-term assisted reproductive outcomes were also compared.

Study Design: Total of 72 cases were randomized to Lippes loop intrauterine device (IUD) only, IUD plus a new crosslinked hyaluronan (NCH) gel, or NCH gel only following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.

Impact of office hysteroscopy in repeated implantation failure: Experience of a single center.

Objective: Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is a clinical entity affecting many couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Various intrauterine pathologies contribute to RIF. Nevertheless, vaginal sonography and hysterosalpingography, which are the common diagnostic tools for the initial follow-up, have limited sensitivities.

Testicular versus ejaculated spermatozoa in ICSI cycles of normozoospermic men with high sperm DNA fragmentation and previous ART failures.

As a part of male assessment, conventional sperm parameters including morphologic features have been dedicated as major factors influencing fertilisation and pregnancy rates in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Genomic integrity of spermatozoa has also been found to influence fertility prognosis, and hence, sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) has been adopted by many centres to document this entity. Despite several suggested approaches, there is lack of universal consensus on optimising fertility outcomes in males with high sperm DFI.

The Impact of Gradually Increasing Energy Dose on AMH Levels in Ovarian Drilling.

Background: To document alterations in Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels with different energy doses by monopolar cautery in ovarian drilling (OD) in rats.

Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups that each contained 10 animals. Group A was the Sham group.

Combined progesterone (IM + V) versus vaginal progesterone for luteal support in cleavage-stage embryo transfer cycles of good prognosis patients.

Many reports led to the consensus on the use of progesterone (P) for luteal-phase support. Vaginal P application is the method of choice due to its simplicity and high patient convenience but is hampered by application difficulties and personal or cultural aversions. Inappropriate vaginal P use may alter successful implantation, leading physicians to consider alternate P application routes.

Estrogen or anti-estrogen for Bologna poor responders?

The current study aims to compare cycle outcomes of two ovarian stimulation protocols in poor responders according to the Bologna criteria; luteal estrogen priming (LE) or letrozole (LZ) co-treatment in antagonist protocol. Following retrospective chart review of a single center, 162 cycles were found eligible for the comparison of two ovarian stimulation protocols. After interpreting data, significantly higher serum estradiol levels, longer duration of cycle, higher number of fertilized oocytes and good quality embryos were detected in patients who received LE.

Uncommon but devastating event: total fertilisation failure following intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Fertilisation with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a consequence of complex molecular interactions between spermatozoon and oocyte. Disruption of the process obviously prompts a frustrating event called total fertilisation failure (TFF). Up to 3% of ICSI cycles may result in TFF, and brief counselling for subsequent cycle management is indispensable.

Different gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist doses for the final oocyte maturation in high-responder patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection.

Context: Efficacy of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) for ovulation in high-responders.

Aims: The aim of the current study is to compare the impact of different GnRH-a doses for the final oocyte maturation on cycle outcomes and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rates in high-responder patients undergoing ovarian stimulation.

Settings And Designs: Electronic medical records of a private in vitro fertilization center, a retrospective analysis.

Association of anti-Mullerian hormone and small-dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with hepatosteatosis in young lean women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To study the association of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and small-dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sd-LDL) with hepatosteatosis among young, lean, polycystic ovary patients.

Study Design: A prospective, case control study was carried out including 79 young lean women. Fifty-eight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 21 age-and BMI-matched healthy controls were recruited.

Late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia with Cushing syndrome.

Although hirsutism is classically part of the clinical presentation of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Cushing's syndrome (CS), CS associated with underlying late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia (LCAH) in an adult has not been previously reported. We herein present the case of a 25-year-old woman who was followed for PCOS for seven years. After undergoing detailed tests described within the text, she received the diagnosis of LCAH and was found to have point mutations.

Improved cycle outcomes after laparoscopic ovarian diathermy in hyper-responder patients with previous ART failure.

Excessive response to ovarian stimulation is common among hyper-responder patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Cycle cancellations and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) are all detrimental consequences observed within this cohort and several approaches have been proposed to enhance outcomes. The current study is designed to evaluate whether laparoscopic ovarian diathermy (LOD) improves ART outcomes and pregnancy rates by reducing Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels in a group of patients who had a history of recurrent ART failure and high response.

Should repeated TESE be performed following a failed TESE in men with Klinefelter Syndrome?

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the success rate of repeated Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE) in Klinefelter Syndrome (KS). Eighteen patients with the diagnosis of KS who had undergone micro TESE previously were re-evaluated between May 2007 and May 2012. Testes were measured and testicular volume was calculated by orchidometer and by scrotal ultrasonography in all patients All patients underwent repeated micro TESE.

Anti-Mullerian hormone and insulin resistance in classic phenotype lean PCOS.

Purpose: This study is designed to explore the correlation between AMH levels and IR in normal weight PCOS women.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 55 patients, who were admitted to obstetrics and gynecology department of a university clinic. Study group was consisted of 34 patients diagnosed as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to the Rotterdam Criteria, whereas control group was consisted of 21 healthy volunteers without any features of clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, who had regular menstrual cycles.

Malignant melanoma arising in an in vitro fertilisation pregnancy: A case report.

Malignant melanoma diagnosed during pregnancy results in confusion about staging and management. In this case report, a 39-year-old pregnant woman, who had undergone conception via in vitro fertilisation, was diagnosed with malignant melanoma of a growing lesion on her back in the 20th week of gestation. She delivered her baby by caesarean section in the 38th week.

Maternal and umbilical cord ischemia-modified albumin levels in nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracings regarding the mode of delivery.

Objective: To evaluate umbilical cord blood ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in cases of fetal distress (FD) and to explore fetal blood IMA levels regarding the route of delivery.

Methods: Umbilical cord and maternal serum IMA concentrations were assessed in term 40 cases with cesarean section (CS) due to FD, 76 cases with elective repeat CS and 85 cases with noncomplicated vaginal delivery.

Results: The maternal and umbilical cord IMA levels were significantly lower in vaginal deliveries when compared with CS cases either in FD or previous CS groups (p = 0.

Serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels correlate with ovarian response in idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Purpose: The role of serum AMH levels in prediction of ovarian response in idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) was evaluated. MATERIAL METHOD(S): Twelve patients with IHH underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for IVF were enrolled in this prospective study. Serum AMH levels were studied on the 2nd or 3rd day of an induced menstrual cycle by a preceding low-dose oral contraceptive pill treatment.