Adjustment and maladjustment to later life: Evidence about early experiences in the family.

Introduction: Previous parenting studies with European-American families have identified optimal parenting as being based on warmth combined with strictness (i.e., authoritative parenting).

Self and Nature: Parental Socialization, Self-Esteem, and Environmental Values in Spanish Adolescents.

Emergent research seriously questions the use of parental strictness as the best parenting strategy in all cultural contexts. Moreover, previous research on environmental socialization offers inconsistent findings about which specific parenting practices would be the most appropriate for environmental socialization. The present paper aims to examine parents' contribution (i.