Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence in Patients With Transient New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Detected During Hospitalization for Noncardiac Surgery or Medical Illness : A Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is often detected for the first time in patients who are hospitalized for another reason. Long-term risks for AF recurrence in these patients are unclear.

Objective: To estimate risk for AF recurrence in patients with new-onset AF during a hospitalization for noncardiac surgery or medical illness compared with a matched population without AF.

A Timeline of Perezone, the First Isolated Secondary Metabolite in the New World, Covering the Period from 1852 to 2020.

This chapter covers a sesquiterpene quinone, commonly named perezone. This molecule is documented as the first secondary metabolite isolated in crystalline form in the New World in 1852. An introduction, with its structure, the IUPAC nomenclature, and the most recent physical and spectroscopic characterizations are firstly described initially.

Oral anticoagulation for patients with atrial fibrillation in the ED: RE-LY AF registry analysis.

Oral anticoagulation (OAC) reduces stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We sought to determine predictors of OAC initiation in AF patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). Secondary analysis of the RE-LY AF registry which enrolled individuals from 47 countries between 2007 and 2011 who presented to an ED with AF and followed them for 1 year.

Standardized Assessment of Global activities in the Elderly scale in adult cardiac surgery patients.

Background: Different instruments have been used to assess ability to perform everyday functional activities, such as activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). No measures of functional activity have been validated in cardiac surgery. We assessed the reliability and validity of the Standardized Assessment of Global activities in the Elderly (SAGE) scale.

Incidence and recurrence of new-onset atrial fibrillation detected during hospitalization for non-cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to summarize reports of the incidence and long-term recurrence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) associated with non-cardiac surgery.

Sources: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to November 2019. We included studies that reported on the incidence of new-onset perioperative AF during hospitalization for non-cardiac surgery and/or AF recurrence in such patients following discharge.

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Panbio Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antigen Rapid Test Compared with Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing of Nasopharyngeal Samples in the Pediatric Population.

We conducted a multicenter clinical validity study of the Panbio coronavirus disease 2019 Antigen Rapid Test of nasopharyngeal samples in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019-compatible symptoms of ≤5 days of evolution. Our study showed limited accuracy in nasopharyngeal antigen testing: overall sensitivity was 45.4%, and 99.

Continued versus interrupted direct oral anticoagulation for cardiac electronic device implantation: A systematic review.

Background: Many patients undergoing cardiac device implantation are taking direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC). Continuing DOAC during device implantation may increase periprocedural bleeding risk; however, interrupting DOACs may increase thromboembolic risk.

Objective: To compare the incidence of clinically significant pocket hematoma and thromboembolism in patients who have their DOAC continued or interrupted for cardiac device implantation.

Intraglomerular Monocyte/Macrophage Infiltration and Macrophage-Myofibroblast Transition during Diabetic Nephropathy Is Regulated by the A Adenosine Receptor.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is considered the main cause of kidney disease in which myofibroblasts lead to renal fibrosis. Macrophages were recently identified as the major source of myofibroblasts in a process known as macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT). Adenosine levels increase during DN and in vivo administration of MRS1754, an antagonist of the A adenosine receptor (AAR), attenuated glomerular fibrosis (glomerulosclerosis).

The TGF-β profibrotic cascade targets ecto-5'-nucleotidase gene in proximal tubule epithelial cells and is a traceable marker of progressive diabetic kidney disease.

Progressive diabetic nephropathy (DN) and loss of renal function correlate with kidney fibrosis. Crosstalk between TGF-β and adenosinergic signaling contributes to the phenotypic transition of cells and to renal fibrosis in DN models. We evaluated the role of TGF-β on NT5E gene expression coding for the ecto-5`-nucleotidase CD73, the limiting enzyme in extracellular adenosine production.

Left thoracotomy approach for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: 15 years of experience in 2500 consecutive patients.

Objectives: Our goal was to describe the experience at 2 centres with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting using a left thoracotomy.

Methods: From January 2002 to December 2017, a total of 2528 consecutive patients (578 women, mean age 62.3 ± 9.

Risk of venous and arterial thrombosis in non-surgical patients receiving systemic tranexamic acid: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Antifibrinolytic agents such as tranexamic acid (TXA) are commonly used as adjunctive therapies to prevent and treat excessive bleeding. In non-surgical settings, TXA is known to reduce bleeding related mortality. However, impact of TXA use on thrombosis is uncertain.

Pre- and post-treatment with amiodarone for elective electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Clinicians frequently pre-treat patients with amiodarone to increase the efficacy of electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation (AF). Our objective was to determine the precise effects of amiodarone pre- and post-treatment on conversion efficacy and sinus rhythm maintenance.

Methods And Results: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials comparing pre- and post-treatment for electrical cardioversion with amiodarone vs.

Outcomes after Ross procedure in adult patients: A meta-analysis and microsimulation.

Objective: We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the risk of adverse events, life expectancy, and event-free life expectancy after the Ross procedure in adults.

Methods: We searched databases for reports evaluating the Ross procedure in patients aged more than or equal to 16 years of age. A microsimulation model was used to evaluate age- and gender-specific life expectancy for patients undergoing the Ross procedure.

Design and rationale of the atrial fibrillation occurring transiently with stress (AFOTS) follow-up cohort study.

Atrial fibrillation occurring transiently with stress (AFOTS) describes the first detection of AF in a patient who is hospitalized for a non-cardiac medical illness or following non-cardiac surgery. Uncertainty exists whether episodes of AFOTS are due to reversible precipitants and will not recur after recovery, or if they are paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) that is detected during inpatient cardiac monitoring. Previous studies have used retrospective, non-systematic and ultimately low-sensitivity protocols to investigate the recurrence of AF in patients with AFOTS.

Calpain2 mediates Rab5-driven focal adhesion disassembly and cell migration.

The early endosome protein Rab5 was recently shown to promote cell migration by enhancing focal adhesion disassembly through mechanisms that remain elusive. Focal adhesion disassembly is associated to proteolysis of talin, in a process that requires calpain2. Since calpain2 has been found at vesicles and endosomal compartments, we hypothesized that Rab5 stimulates calpain2 activity, leading to enhanced focal adhesion disassembly in migrating cells.

The salivary peptide histatin-1 promotes endothelial cell adhesion, migration, and angiogenesis.

Saliva is a key factor that contributes to the high efficiency of wound healing in the oral mucosa. This is not only attributed to physical cues but also to the presence of specific peptides in the saliva, such as histatins. Histatin-1 is a 38 aa antimicrobial peptide, highly enriched in human saliva, which has been previously reported to promote the migration of oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts However, the participation of histatin-1 in other crucial events required for wound healing, such as angiogenesis, is unknown.

ATP Induces IL-1 Secretion in -Infected Human Macrophages by a Mechanism Not Related to the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 Axis.

(Ngo) has developed multiple immune evasion mechanisms involving the innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent findings have reported that Ngo reduces the IL-1 secretion of infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Here, we investigate the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in production and release of IL-1 in Ngo-infected MDM.

The use of digital PCR to improve the application of quantitative molecular diagnostic methods for tuberculosis.

Background: Real-time PCR (qPCR) based methods, such as the Xpert MTB/RIF, are increasingly being used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB). While qualitative methods are adequate for diagnosis, the therapeutic monitoring of TB patients requires quantitative methods currently performed using smear microscopy. The potential use of quantitative molecular measurements for therapeutic monitoring has been investigated but findings have been variable and inconclusive.

Hypoxia promotes Rab5 activation, leading to tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis.

Hypoxia, a common condition of the tumor microenvironment, is associated with poor patient prognosis, tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis. Recent evidence suggests that hypoxia alters endosome dynamics in tumor cells, leading to augmented cell proliferation and migration and this is particularly relevant, because endosomal components have been shown to be deregulated in cancer. The early endosome protein Rab5 is a small GTPase that promotes integrin trafficking, focal adhesion turnover, Rac1 activation, tumor cell migration and invasion.

First isolation of Mycobacterium canariasense from municipal water supplies in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are common bacteria in water and especially water supply distribution systems. Some species can cause infections, especially in immunocompromised patients and other risk groups. This study examined the frequency of occurrence of NTM in 135 household potable water samples collected from household water taps in Tenerife Island.

Down-regulation of Rab5 decreases characteristics associated with maintenance of cell transformation.

The early endosomal protein Rab5 is highly expressed in tumor samples, although a causal relationship between Rab5 expression and cell transformation has not been established. Here, we report the functional effects of targeting endogenous Rab5 with specific shRNA sequences in different tumor cell lines. Rab5 down-regulation in B16-F10 cells decreased tumor formation by subcutaneous injection into C57/BL6 mice.

A novel caveolin-1/p85α/Rab5/Tiam1/Rac1 signaling axis in tumor cell migration and invasion.

The small GTPase Rab5 has been frequently studied in the context of intracellular trafficking, but evidence obtained more recently has implicated Rab5 as a critical regulator of cell adhesion, migration and invasion in both normal and tumor cells. These recent findings showing that Rab5 promotes Rac1 activation and focal adhesion dynamics have highlighted the question as to what the upstream regulators of Rab5 activity might be and how these are connected to cell migration. The efforts to shed light on this issue identified in metastatic cancer cells a novel Caveolin‑1/p85α/Rab5/Tiam1/Rac1 signaling axis relevant to cancer cell migration and invasion.