Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of BK Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation From HLA-Matched and Haploidentical Donors With Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide.

BK hemorrhagic cystitis (BK-HC) is a common complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly when posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is used as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. However, comparative studies of BK-HC incidence in matched sibling donors (MSD) and unrelated donors (MUD) often include small haploidentical (HAPLO) donor cohorts and usually lack detailed information on disease evolution, coinfections, management and impact on outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing HSCT from MSD, MUD, HAPLO donors using PTCy as GVHD prophylaxis.

Gastric Bleeding in Stem Cell Transplantation: A Focus on Gastric Vascular Ectasia Under Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide, Sirolimus, and Mycophenolate Mofetil Prophylaxis.

Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a serious complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), with limited data on its incidence and characteristics, particularly for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) of gastric origin. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, clinical, endoscopic, and histopathologic features, and outcomes of UGIB, with a focus on gastric vascular ectasias (GVEs) in patients undergoing HSCT with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis using post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY), sirolimus or calcineurin inhibitors, and mycophenolate mofetil. This retrospective, single-center study included all adult patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT at a single institution between January 2017 and December 2023.

Longitudinal outcome over four decades of allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a single center experience.

This 45-year study (1978-2022) at a single institution evaluated HSCT outcomes and complications, emphasizing recent advances, with to provide insights into HSCT's evolving field and ongoing efforts to enhance patient outcomes. Involving 1707 patients, the study revealed an initial phase (1978-1987) with a limited activity that yielded modest outcomes, a nearly three-decade span (1988-2016) with a substantial increase in transplant activity, emphasizing umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) for patients lacking a suitable matched sibling donor. In addition to a gradual increase in recipient age, significant improvement in outcomes emerged in the recent period (2017-2022), marked by UCBT replacement with haploidentical transplants, introduction of PTCY-based GVHD prophylaxis for all type of transplants, and increased use of conditioning regimens with thiotepa, busulfan, and fludarabine.

Immune reconstitution after single-unit umbilical cord blood transplantation using anti-thymoglobulin and myeloablative conditioning in adults with hematological malignancies.

This study aimed to investigate the kinetics of immune recovery following umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in adults who received a myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen and antithymocyte globulin (ATG). While the immune recovery kinetics has been extensively studied in pediatric UCBT recipients, limited data exist for adults. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of 221 consecutive adult patients who underwent UCBT with MAC and ATG at a single institution.

Cytomegalovirus Reactivations in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation from HLA-Matched and Haploidentical Donors with Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivations cause significant morbidity in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is associated with an increased risk of CMV infections. Data are limited comparing HSCT with PTCy performed from matched sibling donors (MSDs), matched unrelated donors (MUDs), and haploidentical (Haplo) donors.

Reduced Incidence of Neurologic Complications after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Calcineurin-Free Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis.

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), including cyclosporine and tacrolimus, are frequently associated with neurologic complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, there is a lack of studies comparing the incidence and characteristics of neurologic complications in patients undergoing HSCT based on CNI-free or CNI-based GVHD prophylaxis. This retrospective single-center study analyzed the neurologic complications in 2 cohorts of patients undergoing HSCT with either CNI-based GVHD prophylaxis (n = 523) or CNI-free prophylaxis with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide, sirolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil (n = 371).

T Cell-Depleted Peripheral Blood versus Unmanipulated Bone Marrow in Matched Sibling Transplantation for Aplastic Anemia.

Bone marrow (BM) is the recommended stem cell source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from matched sibling donors (MSDs) in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) for its superior survival and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) outcomes compared to recipients of unmanipulated peripheral blood (PB) HSCT. Nevertheless, no studies comparing BM with ex vivo T cell-depleted (TCD) PB have been reported to date. The aim of the present study was to compare the transplantation outcomes of MSD HSCT recipients with SAA using PB (with partial ex vivo TCD targeted cell dose grafts) with those of MSD HSCT recipients with SAA using unmanipulated BM.