NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes expression is modified by LPS and titanium ions increasing the release of active IL-1β in alveolar bone-derived MSCs.

Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are inflammatory diseases of infectious etiology that lead to the destruction of the supporting tissues located around teeth or implants. Although both pathologies share several characteristics, it is also known that they show important differences which could be due to the release of particles and metal ions from the implant surface. The activation of the inflammasome pathway is one of the main triggers of the inflammatory process.

Is the degree of physiological bone remodeling a predictive factor for peri-implantitis?

Background: The amount of initial physiological bone remodeling (IPBR) after implant placement varies and the ways it may play a role in peri-implantitis development remains unknown. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the association between the amount of IPBR during the first year of implant placement and incidence of peri-implantitis as well as the pattern of progressive bone loss.

Methods: Clinical and radiographic documentation of implants at the time of implant placement (T0), 1 year ± 6 months after crown placement (T1), and at a ≥2-year follow-up from implant placement (T2) were retrospectively collected.

The correlation between history of periodontitis according to staging and grading and the prevalence/severity of peri-implantitis in patients enrolled in maintenance therapy.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine if a previous history of periodontitis according to the preset definitions of the 2017 World Workshop is correlated with increased implant failure, and occurrence and severity of peri-implantitis (PI).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with a history of periodontitis who received nonsurgical and, if indicated, surgical corrective therapy prior to implant placement was performed. Periodontitis stage and grade were determined for each included patient based on data from the time of initiation of active periodontal therapy.

New hosts and localities for helminths of carnivores in Argentina.

A total of 111 samples (43 faeces and 79 gastrointestinal tracts) of 14 wild carnivore species from 12 Argentine provinces were analyzed. Helminth eggs were identified in 73% of the faecal samples and adult worms were recovered from 81% of the gastrointestinal tracts. We found 19 helminth species.

Spatial and seasonal dynamic of abundance and distribution of guanaco and livestock: insights from using density surface and null models.

Monitoring species abundance and distribution is a prerequisite when assessing species status and population viability, a difficult task to achieve for large herbivores at ecologically meaningful scales. Co-occurrence patterns can be used to infer mechanisms of community organization (such as biotic interactions), although it has been traditionally applied to binary presence/absence data. Here, we combine density surface and null models of abundance data as a novel approach to analyze the spatial and seasonal dynamics of abundance and distribution of guanacos (Lama guanicoe) and domestic herbivores in northern Patagonia, in order to visually and analytically compare the dispersion and co-occurrence pattern of ungulates.

Differences in natural antibody titres comparing free-ranging guanacos (Lama guanicoe) and capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris).

Natural antibodies are an important component of innate humoral immunity but have not been investigated to any great extent in wild mammals. In the current study, serum natural antibody titres were measured by hemagglutination assay for two South American herbivores, the guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). Results indicated that capybaras had antibody titres on average more than four times higher than guanacos (median titres 1:256 and 1:4, respectively), suggesting differences in investment in constitutive humoral immunity between the two species.

Parasitism and physiological trade-offs in stressed capybaras.

Parasites play a key role in regulating wildlife population dynamics, but their impact on the host appears to be context-dependent. Evidence indicates that a synergistic interaction between stress, host condition and parasites is implicated in this phenomenon, but more studies are needed to better understand this context-dependency. With the goal to assess the net effect of two types of chronic stress on various host-parasite interactions, we conducted an experiment in capybaras to evaluate the impact of food restriction and physical restraint on the infection intensity of specific gastrointestinal nematodes and coccidia, and how these stressors affected the growth, body condition, and some immuno-physiological parameters.