Prevalence and predictive factors of urinary retention assessed by ultrasound in the immediate post-anesthetic period.

Background And Objectives: Urinary retention is a common condition in the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU). Vesical overdistension and consequent damage of the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder represent situations that can be prevented. The ultrasound allows the reliable measurement of the urinary volume, determining the prevalence of postoperative vesical distension.

Evaluating the depth of the epidural space with the use of ultrasound.

Background And Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of the ultrasound on the determination of the depth of the epidural space.

Methods: Sixty patients were included in this prospective study; the L(3)-L(4) space was initially identified by palpation followed by the ultrasound measuring the depth of the epidural space (PU). After the epidural puncture the measurements o the depth (PA) were recorded.

[A comparative study between ultrasound and neurostimulation guided axillary brachial plexus block].

Unlabelled: Conceição DB, Helayel PE, Oliveira Filho GR - A Comparative Study between Ultrasound- and Neurostimulation-Guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Block.

Background And Objectives: The use of ultrasound in Regional Blocks is increasingly more frequent. However, very few studies comparing ultrasound and neurostimulation have been conducted.

[Effective anesthetic volumes in sciatic nerve block: comparison between the parasacral and infragluteal-parabiceps approaches with 0.5% bupivacaine with adrenaline and 0.5% ropivacaine].

Background And Objectives: The volume and mass of local anesthetics (LA) affect the success rate of peripheral nerve blocks. Thus, the main objective of this study was to determine the volumes of local anesthetics in parasacral and infragluteal-parabiceps sciatic nerve block (SNB).

Methods: One hundred and one patients undergoing infragluteal-parabiceps or parasacral SNB with 0.

The attitude of anesthesiologists and anesthesiology residents of the CET/SBA regarding upper and lower limb nerve blocks.

Background And Objectives: The use of regional blocks especially peripheral nerve blocks (PNB) has been increasing in anesthesiology due to the reduced need to manage the airways, lower cost, and excellent postoperative analgesia. However, its use has restrictions due to the lack of training, that it takes longer to be done, fear of neurological complications, and systemic toxicity. The objective of this study was to measure the attitude of anesthesiologists and anesthesiology residents at Teaching and Training Centers (CET/SBA) regarding PNBs.

Learning curve for the ultrasound anatomy of the brachial plexus in the axillary region.

Background And Objectives: Proficiency in ultrasound-guided blocks demands four skills: recognition of the ultrasound anatomy, capacity to generate images, aligning the needle with the ultrasound beam, and recognizing the dispersion of the local anesthetic. The objective of this study was to construct and evaluate learning curves for image generation and ultrasound identification of the neurovascular structures in the axilla.

Methods: Seven Anesthesiology residents received theoretical and practical notions on the basic principles of ultrasound and the ultrasound anatomy of the axillary region with the objective to identify the terminal branches of the brachial plexus and axillary vessels.

Ultrasound-guided sciatic-femoral block for revision of the amputation stump. Case report.

Background And Objectives: The use of ultrasound in regional blocks has become increasingly used because its role as facilitator and its efficacy. Direct ultrasound visualization allows the identification of peripheral nerves, independently of the ability of obtaining sensitive or motor stimulation.

Case Report: This is the case of a patient who underwent revision of the amputation stump at the knee under ultrasound-guided sciatic-femoral block with 40 mL of 0.

Ultrasound-guided central venous puncture in an obese patient with cervical adenomegaly.

Background And Objectives: Classical central venous techniques are based on superficial anatomical references and the knowledge of the vascular anatomy of the area to be punctured. The ultrasound allows direct vision of vascular and perivascular structures, and the needle during the procedure. The objective of this report was to describe an ultrasound-guided central venous catheter placement in an obese patient with adenomegaly.

Comparison of the plasma levels of 50% enantiomeric excess (S75/R25) 0.5% bupivacaine combined with 1:200,000 epinephrine between the parasacral and infragluteal sciatic nerve blocks.

Background And Objectives: Local anesthetics (LA) are safe drugs when the proper dose and localization are used. The rate of absorption of the local anesthetic depends on its mass and blood flow at the site of the injection. The objective of this study was to analyze the plasma concentration of 50% enantiomeric excess (S75R25) 0.

Learning curves and mathematical models for interventional ultrasound basic skills.

Background: We aimed to construct learning curves and mathematical learning models for ultrasound basic skills: optimizing needle-ultrasound beam alignment and reaching a target inside a phantom.

Methods: Thirty subjects participated in the study. Each subject performed 25 trials.

Ultrasound-guided ileoinguinal and ileohypogastric nerve block associated with general anesthesia. Case report.

Background And Objectives: Outpatient surgeries are becoming more frequent. Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block has been used in postoperative analgesia of patients undergoing outpatient inguinal herniorrhaphy. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia increases the accuracy of deposition of the local anesthetic around the nerves.

[Ultrasound images of the brachial plexus in the axillary region.].

Background And Objectives: The axillary artery is the anatomical reference, in the surface, for axillary brachial plexus block. Anatomic studies suggest variability in the location of the structures in the brachial plexus in relation to the axillary artery. These variations can hinder blocks by neurostimulation.

Ultrasound-guided obturator nerve block: a preliminary report of a case series.

Background And Objectives: Obturator-nerve block improves analgesia for knee surgery. Traditional techniques rely on surface landmarks, which can be variable and result in excessive performance times and multiple needle passes. The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel ultrasound-guided technique for localizing the obturator nerve.

Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks.

Background And Objectives: Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks are based on the direct visualization of nerve structures, needle, and adjacent anatomic structures. Thus, it is possible to place the local anesthetic precisely around the nerves and follow its dispersion in real time, obtaining, therefore, more effective blockades, reduced dependency on anatomic references, decreased anesthetic volume, and increased safety.

Contents: The aim of this paper was to review the physical mechanisms of image formation, ultrasound anatomy of the neuro axis and of the brachial and lumbosacral plexuses, equipment and materials used in the blockades, settings of the ultrasound equipment to improve the image, planes of visualization of the needles, the techniques, and training in ultrasound-guided nerve blocks.

[Infraclavicular vertical brachial plexus blockade in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: case report.].

Background And Objectives: Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have a higher risk of postoperative complications, especially when undergoing general anesthesia. Brachial plexus blockade is an alternative for these patients when they undergo upper limb surgeries. The objective of this report is to present a case of infraclavicular brachial plexus blockade in patients with COPD and a fractured elbow.

[Effective volume of local anesthetics for fascia iliac compartment block: a double-blind, comparative study between 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine.].

Background And Objectives: Fascia iliac compartment block is widely used as one of the anesthetic techniques used for surgical interventions of the hip, thigh, and knee. The majority of the studies have used fixed volumes of ropivacaine or bupivacaine. The objective of this study was to calculate the effective volume of 0.

[Effects of intramuscular and perineural clonidine on sciatic nerve block with 0.5% ropivacaine.].

Background And Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of clonidine on anesthesia onset, quality and duration of analgesia of sciatic nerve block using 0.5% ropivacaine.

Methods: Forty adult patients scheduled for foot or lateral aspect of the ankle procedures under combined anterior femoral/sciatic nerves block were randomly assigned to group 1, receiving 25 mL of 0.

[Peribulbar block with the association of 0.5% enantiomeric mixture of bupivacaine (S75-R25) and 2% lidocaine: effects of hyaluronidase addition.].

Background And Objectives: The benefits of adding hyaluronidase to local anesthetics for peribulbar blockade remain controversial. This study aimed at comparing the effects of hyaluronidase on the akinesia of rectis muscles, elevator muscle of upper eyelid and orbicular muscle of the eye after peribulbar blockade with 0.5% enantiomeric mixture of bupivacaine (S75-R25) and 2% lidocaine.