Breath-Hold Induced Cerebrovascular Reactivity Measurements Using Optimized Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling.

A pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) sequence combined with background suppression and single-shot accelerated 3D RARE stack-of-spirals was used to evaluate cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) induced by breath-holding (BH) in ten healthy volunteers. Four different models designed using the measured change in PETCO2 induced by BH were compared, for CVR quantification. The objective of this comparison was to understand which regressor offered a better physiological model to characterize the cerebral blood flow response under BH.

Cochlear-Internal Canal and Cochlear-Facial Dehiscence: A Novel Entity.

Different types of otic capsule dehiscence restricted to the cochlea have been described. Here we describe the case of a patient with a cochlear-internal auditory canal dehiscence associated with a cochlear-facial dehiscence not reported before. A 53-year-old patient with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss due to bilateral Meniere's disease underwent a cochlear implant surgery on the right ear.

DNX-2401, an Oncolytic Virus, for the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas: A Case Report.

Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are aggressive glial brain tumors that primarily affect children, for which there is no curative treatment. Median overall survival is only one year. Currently, the scientific focus is on expanding the knowledge base of the molecular biology of DIPG, and identifying effective therapies.

A phase II trial of autologous dendritic cell vaccination and radiochemotherapy following fluorescence-guided surgery in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients.

Background: Prognosis of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains dismal, with median overall survival (OS) of about 15 months. It is therefore crucial to search alternative strategies that improve these results obtained with conventional treatments. In this context, immunotherapy seems to be a promising therapeutic option.

Factors associated with a higher rate of distant failure after primary treatment for glioblastoma.

Our purpose was to analyze the pattern of failure in glioblastoma (GBM) patients at first recurrence after radiotherapy and temozolomide and its relationship with different factors. From 77 consecutive GBM patients treated at our institution with fluorescence guided surgery and standard radiochemotherapy, 58 first recurrences were identified and included in a retrospective review. Clinical data including age, Karnofsky performance score, preoperative tumor volume and location, extend of resection, MGMT promoter methylation status, time to progression (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adjuvant therapies were reviewed for every patient.

Intracranial extramedullary hematopoiesis associated with multiple myeloma.

A 77-year-old woman with multiple myeloma for 5 years presented with obtundation, drowsiness, and disorientation over 15 days. Complete blood count revealed thrombocytopenia (25,000/µL). A brain CT disclosed multiple extraaxial hyperdense foci without bone destruction.

Functional bold MRI: advantages of the 3 T vs. the 1.5 T.

We quantitatively evaluate the benefits of a higher field strength for functional brain MRI (fMRI) based on the blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast. The 3-T fMRI shows a higher sensitivity for the motor and somatosensory stimulation and more specific localization in the grey substance. The 3-T fMRI detects additional areas of activation with the motor paradigm.

Preoperative planning of DIEP and SGAP flaps: preliminary experience with magnetic resonance angiography using 3-tesla equipment and blood-pool contrast medium.

Background: Autologous breast reconstruction techniques can be used to create a breast, in particular the superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) and deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flaps. Preoperative imaging is an essential planning tool in mapping the location and size of perforator vessels. The aim of this report is to show the usefulness of angio-MR technique for preoperative planning of DIEP and SGAP flaps.