A simple score to estimate the likelihood of pseudoprogression vs. recurrence following stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases: The Bergen Criteria.

Background: A major challenge in the follow-up of patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases (BM) is to distinguish pseudoprogression (PP) from tumor recurrence (TR). The aim of the study was to develop a clinical risk assessment score.

Methods: Follow-up images of 87 of 97 consecutive patients treated with SRS for 348 BM were analyzed.

Predictors of quality of life and survival following Gamma Knife surgery for lung cancer brain metastases: a prospective study.

OBJECTIVE Lung cancer (LC) patients who develop brain metastases (BMs) have a poor prognosis. Estimations of survival and risk of treatment-related deterioration in quality of life (QOL) are important when deciding on treatment. Although we know of several prognostic factors for LC patients with BMs, the role of QOL has not been established.

Quality of life is maintained using Gamma Knife radiosurgery: a prospective study of a brain metastases patient cohort.

OBJECTIVE Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is increasingly used in the management of brain metastases (BMs), but few studies have evaluated how GKRS impacts quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to monitor QOL as the primary end point following GKRS in a patient cohort with BM. METHODS The study included 97 consecutive patients with 1-6 BMs treated with GKRS between May 2010 and September 2011.

Long-term quality of life in patients with vestibular schwannoma: an international multicenter cross-sectional study comparing microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, observation, and nontumor controls.

Object: The optimal treatment for sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) is highly controversial. To date, the majority of studies comparing treatment modalities have focused on a narrow scope of technical outcomes including facial function, hearing status, and tumor control. Very few publications have investigated health-related quality of life (HRQOL) differences between individual treatment groups, and none have used a disease-specific HRQOL instrument.

Increased survival using delayed gamma knife radiosurgery for recurrent high-grade glioma: a feasibility study.

Objective: The current study retrospectively assessed delayed gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in the management of high-grade glioma recurrences.

Methods: A total of 55 consecutive patients with high-grade glioma comprising 68 World Health Organization (WHO) III and WHO IV were treated with GKRS for local recurrences between 2001 and 2007. All patients had undergone microsurgery and radiochemotherapy, considered as standard therapy for high-grade glioma.

Gamma knife surgery as monotherapy with clinically relevant doses prolongs survival in a human GBM xenograft model.

Object: Gamma knife surgery (GKS) may be used for recurring glioblastomas (GBMs). However, patients have then usually undergone multimodal treatment, which makes it difficult to specifically validate GKS independent of established treatments. Thus, we developed an experimental brain tumor model to assess the efficacy and radiotoxicity associated with GKS.

Targeting glioblastoma with NK cells and mAb against NG2/CSPG4 prolongs animal survival.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor where patients' survival is only 14.6 months, despite multimodal therapy with debulking surgery, concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There is an urgent, unmet need for novel, effective therapeutic strategies for this devastating disease.

Conservative management or gamma knife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma: tumor growth, symptoms, and quality of life.

Background: There are few reports about the course of vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients following gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) compared with the course following conservative management (CM). In this study, we present prospectively collected data of 237 patients with unilateral VS extending outside the internal acoustic canal who received either GKRS (113) or CM (124).

Objective: The aim was to measure the effect of GKRS compared with the natural course on tumor growth rate and hearing loss.

Establishment of a novel dsRed NOD/Scid mouse strain to investigate the host and tumor cell compartments.

Here we describe a NOD/Scid mouse strain expressing the dsRed transgene. The strain is maintained by inbreeding of homozygous dsRed NOD/Scid siblings, and expresses red fluorescence from various organs. The model allows engraftment of human tumor tissue, and engrafted tumors were separated into stromal and malignant cell compartments.

Gamma knife treatment of growing vestibular schwannoma in Norway: a prospective study.

Purpose: Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has been increasingly used in the treatment of vestibular schwannoma (VS). Very few studies relate tumor control and post-treatment growth rates to pretreatment growth rates.

Methods And Materials: We prospectively included 45 consecutive VS patients who were initially treated conservatively and then received GKRS between 2000 and 2007 because of demonstrated tumor growth.

γ knife surgery versus reoperation for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.

Background: The optimal management of patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a subject of controversy. These patients may be candidates for both reoperation and/or gamma knife surgery (GKS). Few studies have addressed the role of GKS for relapsing gliomas, and the results have not been compared with reoperation.

Gamma knife surgery of colorectal brain metastases: a high prescription dose of 25 Gy may improve growth control.

Objective: There are few reports on the effect of gamma knife surgery (GKS) for brain metastases from colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify prognostic factors for local control, complications, and survival in our series of patients treated with GKS.

Methods: Eighty patients (36 males, 44 females) with 140 metastases who received GKS between 1996 and 2008 were retrospectively reviewed.

Long-term tumor control of benign intracranial meningiomas after radiosurgery in a series of 4565 patients.

Background: Radiosurgery is the main alternative to microsurgical resection for benign meningiomas.

Objective: To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of radiosurgery for meningiomas with respect to tumor growth and prevention of associated neurological deterioration. Medium- to long-term outcomes have been widely reported, but no large multicenter series with long-term follow-up have been published.

Gamma knife surgery in brain melanomas: absence of extracranial metastases and tumor volume strongest indicators of prolonged survival.

Objective: To review a series of patients who underwent Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) to identify prognostic factors for local growth control and survival.

Methods: During the period 1996-2006, 77 patients (42 men and 35 women) with a total of 143 metastases underwent GKS. A solitary lesion was present in 40 patients (51.

Vestibular schwannoma: surgery or gamma knife radiosurgery? A prospective, nonrandomized study.

Objective: To conduct a prospective, open, nonrandomized study of treatment-associated morbidity in patients undergoing microsurgery or gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for vestibular schwannomas.

Methods: Ninety-one patients with vestibular schwannomas with a maximum tumor diameter of 25 mm in the cerebellopontine angle were treated according to a prospective protocol either by GKRS (63 patients) or open microsurgery (28 patients) using the suboccipital approach. Primary end points included hearing function, according to the Gardner-Robertson scale, and facial nerve function, according to the House-Brackmann scale at 2 years.

Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery of Nelson syndrome.

Objective: Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) can be used as primary or adjuvant therapy for the treatment of an ACTH-producing pituitary tumor after bilateral adrenalectomy, called Nelson syndrome (NS). We have examined the effect of GKR on tumor growth and ACTH-hypersecretion, and characterized the adverse events of this treatment in patients with NS.

Design: Cross-sectional follow-up study.

Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for acromegaly.

Background: Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) is an adjuvant treatment for acromegaly if surgery fails to normalize GH hypersecretion.

Objective: To examine the effect of GKR on tumor growth and hypersecretion, and to characterize the adverse effect of this treatment.

Design: Cross-sectional follow-up study.

Human glioblastoma biopsy spheroids xenografted into the nude rat brain show growth inhibition after stereotactic radiosurgery.

Background: The Gamma Knife is currently used to boost treatment of malignant gliomas. However, few experimental studies have focused on its radiobiological effects. In this work, the growth and invasiveness of human glioblastoma spheroids xenografted into nude rat brains were assessed after radiosurgery.

Vestibular schwannomas: clinical results and quality of life after microsurgery or gamma knife radiosurgery.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the overall treatment efficacy (tumor control, facial nerve function, complications) and quality of life for patients treated primarily for unilateral vestibular schwannomas of 30 mm or less, either by microsurgery or by gamma knife (GK) radiosurgery. The results for the two treatment groups are compared with each other, with main emphasis on the long-term quality of life.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 189 consecutive patients, 86 treated by microsurgery and 103 by gamma knife.

Cerebral atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of infancy: long-term survival after multimodal treatment, also including triple intrathecal chemotherapy and gamma knife radiosurgery--case report.

Cerebral atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) of infancy are highly malignant and have a poor prognosis. The authors report on one case with long-term survival. The patient was a 1 year-old boy presenting with a large AT/RT in the right temporal lobe.

Gamma-knife radiosurgery in pediatric cerebral and skull base tumors.

Background: This retrospective study of 12 children with cerebral or skull base tumors was undertaken to evaluate morbidity and outcome after gamma-knife surgery.

Procedure: Twelve consecutive children treated with stereotactic radiosurgery in a curative intent were reviewed. There were five girls and seven boys.

[Treatment of acoustic neuroma].

Background: Acoustic neuroma is the most common tumour in the cerebello-pontine angle.

Material And Methods: We present the results after surgery in 99 cases, and the natural course of the disease in 82 patients followed for up to 20 years (mean 3 years).

Results: During the observation period, 43% of the tumours increased in size.

[Stereotactic radiosurgery of cerebral arteriovenous malformations].

Background: Different treatment modalities are being used for cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Material And Methods: We have evaluated the results of stereotactic radiosurgery on 85 patients (48 females) with median age 34.5 years (range 4-70 years) treated at Haukeland University Hospital in Norway in 1989-96.