Establishing bio-logging data collections as dynamic archives of animal life on Earth.

Rapid growth in bio-logging-the use of animal-borne electronic tags to document the movements, behaviour, physiology and environments of wildlife-offers opportunities to mitigate biodiversity threats and expand digital natural history archives. Here we present a vision to achieve such benefits by accounting for the heterogeneity inherent to bio-logging data and the concerns of those who collect and use them. First, we can enable data integration through standard vocabularies, transfer protocols and aggregation protocols, and drive their wide adoption.

Trees in trees a report from remote Australia.

Anemochory or Ornithochory does not adequately explain the amount, size or distribution of woody epiphytes here in outback NSW Australia. In a semi-arid ecosystem, epiphytes should be short-lived and randomly dispersed not clustered around old Aboriginal campsites or along their ancient paths aka songlines. These enduring trees in trees we call TinTs, have been here much longer than European Australians.

SO, silicate clouds, but no CH detected in a warm Neptune.

WASP-107b is a warm (approximately 740 K) transiting planet with a Neptune-like mass of roughly 30.5 M and Jupiter-like radius of about 0.94 R (refs.

NH in the atmosphere of a cool brown dwarf.

Brown dwarfs serve as ideal laboratories for studying the atmospheres of giant exoplanets on wide orbits, as the governing physical and chemical processes within them are nearly identical. Understanding the formation of gas-giant planets is challenging, often involving the endeavour to link atmospheric abundance ratios, such as the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio, to formation scenarios. However, the complexity of planet formation requires further tracers, as the unambiguous interpretation of the measured C/O ratio is fraught with complexity.

Biomechanical comparison of compact versus standard flute drill bits, and interlocking versus buttress thread self-tapping cortical bone screws in cadaveric equine third metacarpal condyle.

Objectives: To compare (1) performance of compact versus standard flute drill bits, (2) screw insertion properties and (3) pullout variables between interlocking thread (ITS) and buttress thread (BTS) self-tapping screws in third metacarpi.

Study Design: In vitro experimental study.

Sample Population: Paired third metacarpi from 11 Thoroughbreds aged 2-4 years.

Multiphasic scaffolds for the repair of osteochondral defects: Outcomes of preclinical studies.

Osteochondral defects are caused by injury to both the articular cartilage and subchondral bone within skeletal joints. They can lead to irreversible joint damage and increase the risk of progression to osteoarthritis. Current treatments for osteochondral injuries are not curative and only target symptoms, highlighting the need for a tissue engineering solution.

A phase I, first-in-human study of TAK-164, an antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers expressing guanylyl cyclase C.

Purpose: Guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) is highly expressed in several gastrointestinal malignancies and preclinical studies suggest that it is a promising target for antibody-based therapeutics. This phase I trial assessed the safety and tolerability of TAK-164, an investigational, anti-GCC antibody-drug conjugate (NCT03449030).

Methods: Thirty-one patients with GCC-positive, advanced gastrointestinal cancers received intravenous TAK-164 on day 1 of 21-day cycles.

A systematic review of the effectiveness of patient education through patient portals.

Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically review all literature studying the effect of patient education on patient engagement through patient portals.

Introduction: Patient portals provide patients access to health records, lab results, medication refills, educational materials, secure messaging, appointment scheduling, and telehealth visits, allowing patients to take a more active role in their health care decisions and management. A debate remains around whether these additional aids actually improve patient engagement and increase their ability to manage their own health conditions.

Actigraphic and melatonin alignment in older adults with varying dementia risk.

Circadian rhythms alter with ageing and may be aetiologically linked to neurodegeneration. This study explored the association between clinical markers and 1) dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) time and 2) phase angle derived from sleep midpoint, in older adults with varying dementia risks. Participants completed 14 days of actigraphy followed by in-lab measurement of salivary melatonin, from which DLMO time and phase angle were computed.

Comparison of skeletal scintigraphy and standing F-NaF positron emission tomography for imaging of the fetlock in 33 Thoroughbred racehorses.

This retrospective, methods comparison study aimed to compare skeletal scintigraphy and F-NaF positron emission tomography (PET) for the detection of abnormalities in the fetlocks of Thoroughbred racehorses. Thirty-three horses (72 limbs) imaged with both scintigraphy and F-NaF PET, for investigation of lameness or poor performance related to the fetlock, were included. Seven observers, including experienced racetrack practitioners, surgery and imaging residents, and a board-certified veterinary radiologist, independently reviewed all data for evidence of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in 10 different regions of interest.

Longitudinal monitoring of fetlock lesions in Thoroughbred racehorses using standing 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography.

Objective: To assess the repeatability of equine 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET) findings, and to evaluate the ability of PET to monitor the progression of areas of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake (IRU) in the fetlocks of Thoroughbred racehorses.

Animals: 25 racehorses with clinical signs related to fetlock injuries.

Procedures: This study is a prospective, longitudinal clinical study.

Rest-activity rhythms and tract specific white matter lesions in older adults at risk for cognitive decline.

White matter lesions (WMLs) are common in older adults and represent an important predictor of negative long-term outcomes. Rest-activity rhythm disturbance is also common, however, few studies have investigated associations between these factors. We employed a novel AI-based automatic WML segmentation tool and diffusion-weighted tractography to investigate associations between tract specific WML volumes and non-parametric actigraphy measures in older adults at risk for cognitive decline.

Utilization of EHR to Improve Support Person Engagement in Health Care for Patients With Chronic Conditions.

Innovations in electronic health record (EHR) systems invite new patient and family engagement methods and create opportunities to reduce healthcare disparities. However, many patients and their identified support persons (ie, proxies) are unsure how to interface with the technology. This phenomenological qualitative study served as a pilot study to investigate the patient, proxy, and provider lived experiences utilizing patient-facing EHR portals.

Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for the Treatment of Burn Wounds: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies.

Burn wounds are a devastating type of skin injury leading to severe impacts on both patients and the healthcare system. Current treatment methods are far from ideal, driving the need for tissue engineered solutions. Among various approaches, stem cell-based strategies are promising candidates for improving the treatment of burn wounds.

Osteochondral necrosis of the femoral condyles in Thoroughbred foals: eight cases (2008-2018).

Objective: To describe clinical, imaging, gross, and histopathological abnormalities associated with osteochondral necrosis of the femoral condyles in foals and identify features suggestive of a common pathogenesis.

Animals: 8 Thoroughbred foals euthanized with a presumptive diagnosis of necrosis of the femoral condyles.

Procedures: Postmortem CT was performed on all distal femoral epiphyseal samples.

Rest-activity functioning is related to white matter microarchitecture and modifiable risk factors in older adults at-risk for dementia.

Study Objectives: Growing evidence demonstrates pronounced alterations in rest-activity functioning in older adults at-risk for dementia. White matter degeneration, poor cardiometabolic functioning, and depression have also been linked to a greater risk of decline; however, limited studies have examined the white matter in relation to rest-activity functioning in at-risk older adults.

Methods: We investigated associations between nonparametric actigraphy measures and white matter microarchitecture using whole-brain fixel-based analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging in older adults (aged 50 years or older) at-risk for cognitive decline and dementia.

Optical analysis of a multi-aperture solar central receiver system for high-temperature concentrating solar applications.

A multi-aperture solar central receiver system is optically analyzed for increasing the net power to the receiver in a wide temperature range of 600-1800 K. A model system comprises a tower, a multi-aperture receiver with compound parabolic concentrators, and heliostat sub-fields. Optical modeling is performed using in-house developed Monte-Carlo ray-tracing programs.

Irregular sleep-wake patterns in older adults with current or remitted depression.

Background: Disturbed sleep and irregular sleep-wake patterns have been associated with poor outcomes in older adults. Sleep regularity however has not been studied in a sample with current or remitted major depression.

Methods: 138 participants (63.

Isolation of subspecies from an abdominal abscess in an adult mare.

A 12-year-old Warmblood mare was referred for evaluation of behavioral changes not explained by general physical examination or lameness evaluation. Transrectal ultrasound examination was performed to determine if the behavioral changes were related to ovarian abnormalities, and a large abscess was found near the base of the cecum. Laparoscopic-guided aspiration and lavage of the abscess cavity followed by injection of benzyl penicillin G was carried out.

Actigraphy-recorded sleep efficiency and hippocampal volume are related to visual and verbal rate of forgetting in older adults.

This study aimed to determine if older adults "at-risk" for dementia (those with MCI or SMC) exhibit accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF) and whether rate of forgetting (RoF) is associated with sleep efficiency, hippocampal volume and demographic/clinical features. Forty-nine "at-risk" participants and eighteen controls underwent examination. Memory was assessed using the Scene Memory Task (SMT) and WMS-III Logical Memory (LM) subtest.

Optical analysis of a solar thermochemical system with a rotating tower reflector and a receiver-reactor array.

We propose a concept of a rotating tower reflector (TR) in a beam-down optical system to alternate concentrated solar irradiation of an array of solar receiver-reactors, realizing multi-step solar thermochemical redox cycles. Optical and radiative characteristics of the proposed system are explored analytically and numerically by Monte-Carlo ray-tracing simulations. We study the effects of the system geometrical and optical parameters on the optical and radiative performance.

Scapula fracture secondary to metastatic pulmonary carcinoma in a horse: Clinical, sonographic, radiographic, computed tomographic, and pathologic findings.

A 20-year-old Quarter horse gelding was referred for evaluation of an acute onset non-weight-bearing right forelimb lameness. Marked soft tissue swelling was apparent over the right scapula and shoulder region; no crepitus was palpable. A complete transverse fracture of the scapular neck was suspected based on ultrasonography and radiographs were obtained to confirm the presumptive diagnosis.

Tuning Contact Line Dynamics and Deposition Patterns in Volatile Liquid Mixtures.

The spreading of a pure, volatile liquid on a wettable substrate has been studied in extensive detail. Here we show that the addition of a miscible, nonvolatile liquid can strongly alter the contact line dynamics and the final liquid deposition pattern. We observe two distinct regimes of behavior depending on the relative strength of solutal Marangoni forces and surface wetting.