Cardiovascular effects of combined hyaluronidase and mepivacaine in dental anesthesia: A randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of combined administration of mepivacaine with epinephrine and the diffusion agent hyaluronidase on hemodynamic and electrocardiographic parameters in healthy individuals undergoing dental surgery.

Methods: In a double-blind, split-mouth, randomized clinical trial, the cardiovascular effects induced by 2.7 mL of 2% mepivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine injected concomitantly with 1 mL of 75 TRU/mL hyaluronidase or placebo for inferior alveolar nerve block was evaluated in systemically healthy subjects that underwent bilateral third molar extraction in two separate sessions.

Can Home-Based HIV Rapid Testing Reduce HIV Disparities Among African Americans in Miami?

Sixty percent of African Americans have had an HIV test, yet this population disproportionately contributes to AIDS mortality, suggesting that testing is not occurring early enough to achieve optimal outcomes. OraQuick, the first Food and Drug Administration-approved home-based HIV rapid test (HBHRT) could potentially increase testing rates. We assessed whether community health workers (CHWs) paired with HBRHT could improve HIV screening and health care access among African Americans in Miami, Florida.

Heterotopic Ossification and Entrapment of the Tibial Nerve Within the Tarsal Tunnel: A Case Report.

Heterotopic ossification has been reported to occur after musculoskeletal trauma (including orthopedic procedures). This has been known to cause nerve entrapment syndromes and persistent pain, limiting joint mobility. We present a case of a 19-year old female collegiate athlete who had previously undergone ankle arthroscopy and arthrotomy to remove 2 ossicles.

Factors associated with the implementation of the Familias Unidas intervention in a type 3 translational trial.

This study highlights how Familias Unidas, a Hispanic-specific, evidence-based, family centered preventive intervention, progressed from intervention development (type 1 translation; T1) through rigorous evaluation (T2) and examines the role of intervention fidelity-adherence and competence-in a T3 trial. Effects of participant, provider, and organizational variables on direct (observational) and indirect (self-reported) fidelity were examined as were effects of fidelity. Two structural equation models were estimated using data from 367 Hispanic parent-adolescent dyads randomized to Familias Unidas.

Effect of different agents with potential antibiofilm activity on antimicrobial susceptibility of biofilms formed by Staphylococcus spp. isolated from implant-related infections.

An in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or sub-ICs of erythromycin on antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcal biofilms was performed. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains were isolated from patients with prosthetic joint infections using a previously published sonication procedure. Conventional susceptibility studies were performed using microdilution according to the CLSI procedures.

Familias Unidas for high risk adolescents: Study design of a cultural adaptation and randomized controlled trial of a U.S. drug and sexual risk behavior intervention in Ecuador.

Background: Developing, testing and implementing evidence-based prevention interventions are important in decreasing substance use and sexual risk behavior among adolescents. This process requires research expertise, infrastructure, resources and decades of research testing, which might not always be feasible for low resource countries. Adapting and testing interventions proven to be efficacious in similar cultures might circumvent the time and costs of implementing evidence-based interventions in new settings.

Measuring Multidimensional Subjective Well-Being with the I COPPE Scale in a Hispanic Sample.

The purpose of this study was to provide initial validity evidence for measuring multidimensional subjective well-being in a Hispanic sample with the Interpersonal, Community, Occupational, Physical, Psychological, Economic (I COPPE) Scale. Participants were 641 English-speaking adults who self-identified as Hispanic. Bi-factor analyses were used to evaluate (a) the a priori measurement theory for responses to the I COPPE Scale and (b) convergent relationships of the seven I COPPE subjective well-being factors with scores from established comparison instruments.

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) implementation in rural community health centres in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.

This study explores organisational and individual provider influences on prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) implementation at 12 community health centres (CHCs) in a rural South African setting. Clinic staff members ( = 103; females = 86%, nurse managers = 9.7%, nurses = 54.

Black-White Latino Racial Disparities in HIV Survival, Florida, 2000-2011.

This research aimed to estimate Black/White racial disparities in all-cause mortality risk among HIV-positive Latinos. Florida surveillance data for Latinos diagnosed with HIV (2000-2008) were merged with 2007-2011 American Community Survey data. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were calculated using multi-level Cox regression.

Intake of stimulant foods is associated with development of parasomnias in children.

Objective: To verify if nighttime feeding habits can influence parasomnia in children.

Method: Seven private and four public Elementary Schools took part in the study. A total of 595 Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children were distributed to the parents of children aged from 7 to 8 years.

Clinical performance of a novel ultrathin strut, low-dose, sirolimus-eluting stent with abluminal-only biodegradable polymeric coating for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in the daily practice.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance, in the daily practice of a busy catheterization laboratory, of a novel drug-eluting stent (DES) built with an ultra-thin-strut metallic platform, eluting sirolimus at low doses, abluminal coated with biodegradable polymers, and mounted in a low-compliant delivery system.

Methods: Prospective, single-arm study, comprising all consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the Inspiron™ sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) (Scitech, Aparecida de Goiania, Brazil). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) [cardiac death, non-PCI related myocardial infarction (MI), or target vessel revascularization (TVR)].

Relationship Between Current Substance Use and Unhealthy Weight Loss Practices Among Adolescents.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between current substance use and unhealthy weight loss practices (UWLP) among 12-to-18 year olds.

Methods: Participants were 12-to-18 year olds who completed the 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Survey in Florida (N = 5620). Current alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use was self-reported based on last 30-day use.

Efficacy of a Brief Intervention to Reduce Substance Use and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Risk Among Latino Youth.

Purpose: Familias Unidas is an efficacious and effective family-based intervention for preventing and reducing substance use and unsafe sexual behaviors among Latino youth. To facilitate its dissemination, Familias Unidas was shortened from a 12-week intervention to a 6-week intervention and evaluated. We hypothesized that brief Familias Unidas would be efficacious in reducing substance use and unsafe sexual behaviors relative to a comparison condition.

Metabolic Syndrome Among Marijuana Users in the United States: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data.

Background: Research on the health effects of marijuana use in light of its increased medical use and the current obesity epidemic is needed. Our objective was to explore the relationship between marijuana use and metabolic syndrome across stages of adulthood.

Methods: An analysis of 20- to 59-year-olds (n = 8478) who completed the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys was conducted.

Left Main Compression by a Giant Aneurysm of the Left Sinus of Valsalva: An Extremely Rare Reason for Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock.

Aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva are very rare and mostly located in the right coronary sinus. They might course with dyspnea, fatigue, and acute coronary syndromes. We present herein an extremely rare case report of a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with external left main coronary compression by a giant aneurysm of the left sinus of Valsalva, which was successfully managed with percutaneous coronary intervention.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for evaluation of motor cortical excitability in restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease.

There is no consensus about mechanisms underlying restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease (WED). Cortical excitability may be abnormal in RLS. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can provide insight about cortical excitability.

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder in Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration: Improvement with Immunotherapy.

Study Objectives: To report two female patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) related to breast cancer that presented with rapid eye movement-sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and improved sleep symptoms with immunotherapy.

Methods: The two patients were evaluated through clinical scale and polysomnography before and after therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin.

Results: RBD was successfully treated with immunotherapy in both patients.

Health Status of Older US Workers and Nonworkers, National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2011.

Introduction: Many US workers are increasingly delaying retirement from work, which may be leading to an increase in chronic disease at the workplace. We examined the association of older adults' health status with their employment/occupation and other characteristics.

Methods: National Health Interview Survey data from 1997 through 2011 were pooled for adults aged 65 or older (n = 83,338; mean age, 74.

Postoperative marijuana use and disordered eating among bariatric surgery patients.

Background: Current literature is scarce in documenting marijuana use after bariatric weight loss surgery (WLS).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the association among marijuana use patterns, disordered eating, and food addiction behaviors in patients 2 years after WLS.

Setting: A university hospital in the United States.

NREM-related parasomnias in Machado-Joseph disease: clinical and polysomnographic evaluation.

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorders that affect the cerebellum and its connections, and have a marked clinical and genetic variability. Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3)--MJD/SCA3--is the most common SCA worldwide. MJD/SCA3 is characterized classically by progressive ataxia and variable other motor and non-motor symptoms.

Working with cancer: health and employment among cancer survivors.

Purpose: Cancer affects a growing proportion of US workers. Factors contributing to whether they continue or return to work after cancer diagnosis include: age, physical and mental health, health insurance, education, and cancer site. The purpose of this study was to assess the complex relationships between health indicators and employment status for adult cancer survivors.

Willis-Ekbom Disease or Restless Legs Syndrome?

Background: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) or Willis-Ekbom Disease (WED) is highly prevalent, but patients and healthcare providers alike know little about it. Furthermore, controversy persists as to the best way of diagnosing this nosological entity.

Objective: To verify whether the term used to refer to this disease entity (Restless Legs Syndrome or Willis-Ekbom Disease) affects the prevalence of self-diagnosed RLS/WED in a sample of newly graduated physicians.

Use of Probiotics to Control Aflatoxin Production in Peanut Grains.

Probiotic microorganisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii, S. cerevisiae UFMG 905, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii UFV H2b20) were evaluated as biological control agents to reduce aflatoxin and spore production by Aspergillus parasiticus IMI 242695 in peanut.

Individual and neighborhood predictors of mortality among HIV-positive Latinos with history of injection drug use, Florida, 2000-2011.

Background: The objectives are to examine disparities in all-cause mortality risk among HIV-positive Latinos with injection drug use (IDU) history, and to identify individual- and neighborhood-level predictors.

Methods: Florida surveillance data for persons diagnosed with HIV 2000-2008 were merged with 2007-2011 administrative data from the American Community Survey. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using multi-level weighted Cox regression adjusting for individual and neighborhood (ZCTA-level) factors.