Adapting a consensus process for survivors of domestic abuse and child maltreatment: a brief report about adopting a trauma-informed approach in multistakeholder workshops.

Purpose: Among health researchers, there is a growing appreciation of the importance of the involvement of service users and members of the public. This recognition has not only resulted in involvement guidelines and improved research ethics but also an increasing use of consensus processes with service users and members of the public to determine research priorities and questions and to agree outcomes to be measured in intervention studies. There is, however, limited advice about how to safely involve survivors of violence and abuse in consensus-based studies.

Heterogeneity and therapeutic implications of cancer-associated fibroblasts in lung cancer: Recent advances and future perspectives.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The tumor microenvironment is a complex and heterogeneous cellular environment surrounding tumor cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), blood vessels, immune cells, the extracellular matrix, and various cytokines secreted by cells. CAFs are highly heterogeneous and play crucial roles in lung cancer.

Enhanced Resistance to Pokkah Boeng Disease in Sugarcane Through Host-Induced Gene Silencing Targeting FsCYP51 in Fusarium sacchari.

Pokkah boeng disease (PBD), a common and highly destructive disease of sugarcane, is mainly caused by Fusarium sacchari. Breeding sugarcane resistant to PBD is challenging due to the limited availability of immune or highly resistant germplasm resources. Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) based on RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising disease-control method that offers strong disease-targeting ability with low environmental impact.

Procalcitonin-guided duration of antibiotic treatment in children hospitalised with confirmed or suspected bacterial infection in the UK (BATCH): a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, two-arm, individually randomised, controlled trial.

Background: Procalcitonin is a rapid response biomarker specific for bacterial infection, which is not routinely used in the UK National Health Service. We aimed to assess whether using a procalcitonin-guided algorithm would safely reduce the duration of antibiotic therapy compared with usual care, in which C-reactive protein is the commonly used biomarker.

Methods: The BATCH trial was a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, parallel, two-arm, individually randomised, controlled trial conducted in 15 hospitals in England and Wales.

Therapeutic plasma exchange for fibrinogen-associated hyperviscosity: results of the COVID-19 PLasma EXchange (COPLEX) randomized controlled trial.

Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is the primary intervention for treating symptomatic hyperviscosity from hypergammaglobulinemia, yet its efficacy for treating hyperviscosity related to hyperfibrinogenemia is unclear.

Objectives: Define the safety and efficacy of TPE for critically ill COVID-19 patients with elevated blood viscosity from hyperfibrinogenemia.

Methods: We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial in critically ill COVID-19 patients in a single US healthcare system.

Enrichment effects on growth, health, and reproduction in a single clone of the asexual Amazon molly, .

This study examines the impact of two types of environmental enrichment on the growth of the Amazon molly (), a clonal fish species. We investigated the effects of two welfare-related enrichment factors: physical enrichment (presence of a halfpipe PVC and gravel substrate, E) and social enrichment (presence of visible neighbor fish, N). Fish were divided into four treatment groups: (1) both physical and social enrichment (EN), (2) no physical enrichment but social enrichment (nEN), (3) physical enrichment without social enrichment (EnN,), and (4) no enrichment (nEnN).

Earlier diagnosis of small intestine neuroendocrine tumours (SI-NETs) through transformation of the South Wales NET service.

Small intestine neuroendocrine tumours (SI-NETs) are often diagnosed late with a UK median of 3 years and high misdiagnosis rates. Previous studies, largely based on patient surveys, offer little data on improving diagnosis. In 2017, the South Wales NET service underwent a nationally commissioned, systematic transformation, aiming to improve diagnosis through the development of a gastroenterology and surgical referral network, and education of these specialities.

Patient Education for CKD and Decision Support in Primary Care: Findings From the EPIK Pilot Study.

Rationale & Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions of people in the United States, yet effective interventions to address gaps in patient knowledge and engagement are not well-established. We developed and pilot tested a brief educational decision aid for patients with CKD who are being treated in primary care settings.

Study Design: Pilot quality improvement (QI) study of a decision aid intervention.

Upcycled high-strength aluminum alloys from scrap through solid-phase alloying.

Although recycling secondary aluminum can lead to energy consumption reduction compared to primary aluminum manufacturing, products produced by traditional melt-based recycling processes are inherently limited in terms of alloy composition and microstructure, and thus final properties. To overcome the constraints associated with melting, we have developed a solid-phase recycling and simultaneous alloying method. This innovative process enables the alloying of 6063 aluminum scrap with copper, zinc, and magnesium to form a nanocluster-strengthened high-performance aluminum alloy with a composition and properties akin to 7075 aluminum alloy.

Implementing Goals of Care Notes in a Statewide Health System: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Background: Goals of care (GOC) documentation for seriously ill patients is integral to patient-centered care but not standardized. Collaborative efforts within the health system to improve the frequency and documentation of GOC to communicate patient preferences and values are essential to ensure both quality of life and quality of death.

Measures: We created a standard GOC note type and location in the electronic medical record for a large, statewide health system in the Midwest.

Emotional intelligence training among the healthcare workforce: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The healthcare sector is acknowledged as a complex and challenging field. Increasingly, research highlights the importance of healthcare workers' internal social and emotional skills in managing their well-being and enhancing their capacity to provide patient care and support to colleagues. Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been identified as a key factor in improving the health and performance of healthcare workers, leading to the implementation of numerous programs aimed at enhancing EI.

Pathogenic PDE12 variants impair mitochondrial RNA processing causing neonatal mitochondrial disease.

Pathogenic variants in either the mitochondrial or nuclear genomes are associated with a diverse group of human disorders characterized by impaired mitochondrial function. Within this group, an increasing number of families have been identified, where Mendelian genetic disorders implicate defective mitochondrial RNA biology. The PDE12 gene encodes the poly(A)-specific exoribonuclease, involved in the quality control of mitochondrial non-coding RNAs.

Refractory testicular germ cell tumors are highly sensitive to the targeting of polycomb pathway demethylases KDM6A and KDM6B.

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) can be treated with cisplatin-based therapy. However, a clinically significant number of cisplatin-resistant patients die from progressive disease as no effective alternatives exist. Curative cisplatin therapy results in acute and life-long toxicities in the young TGCT patient population providing a rationale to decrease cisplatin exposure.

Refractory testicular germ cell tumors are highly sensitive to the targeting of polycomb pathway demethylases KDM6A and KDM6B.

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) can be treated with cisplatin-based therapy. However, a clinically significant number of cisplatin-resistant patients die from progressive disease as no effective alternatives exist. Curative cisplatin therapy results in acute and life-long toxicities in the young TGCT patient population providing a rationale to decrease cisplatin exposure.

Hidden in Plain Sight: Pancreatic and Gastric Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma Undetectable on Imaging.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common origins of pancreatic metastases. Pancreatic spread of RCC is often found incidentally on surveillance imaging in asymptomatic patients. We present the case of a 49-year-old male with a history of RCC who presented with acute pancreatitis.

BCL11A intellectual developmental disorder: defining the clinical spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations.

An increasing number of individuals with intellectual developmental disorder (IDD) and heterozygous variants in BCL11A are identified, yet our knowledge of manifestations and mutational spectrum is lacking. To address this, we performed detailed analysis of 42 individuals with BCL11A-related IDD (BCL11A-IDD, a.k.

Cultured Bacteria Isolated from Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Patient Bile Induce Inflammation and Cell Death.

Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic liver disease characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The pathogenesis of PSC remains poorly understood, and there are no effective therapeutic options. Previous studies have observed associations between changes in the colonic and biliary microbiome and PSC.

Regional changes of maximum dose insecticide responses in diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) populations from Georgia and Florida, USA.

Maximum dose bioassays were conducted to assess the efficacy of multiple registered active ingredients for diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), control in Georgia and Florida from 2021 to 2023 as a follow-up to an earlier study. Low efficacy (<40% mortality) was recorded for the highest labeled rate of Bacillus thuringiensis var.

The impact of intravenous versus submucosal dexamethasone on short-term patient response: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The purpose of this randomized, cross-over trial was to determine if a preoperative dose of dexamethasone administered submucosally is as effective as intravenous (IV) dexamethasone in reducing pain, swelling, and analgesic consumption after periodontal flap surgery.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients planned for two similar flap surgeries under IV sedation were included. Before the first surgery, patients were randomized to receive 8 mg of IV or submucosal dexamethasone.

A systematic framework for selecting gene-condition pairs for inclusion in newborn sequencing panels: Early Check implementation.

Purpose: Research is underway worldwide to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of sequencing-based newborn screening. Different methods have been used to select gene-condition pairs for screening, leading to highly inconsistent gene lists across studies.

Methods: Early Check developed and utilized actionability-based frameworks for evaluating gene-condition pairs for inclusion in newborn panels (panel 1-high actionability, panel 2-possible actionability).