Dental Policy Lab 3: towards oral and dental health through partnership.

The third and last of the successful Alliance for a Cavity-Free Future (ACFF)/King's College London Dental Policy Lab series, held in 2019, focused on outlining how dental and oral health industries could benefit from enabling positive behaviour change in patients and the public, allowing progress towards caries reduction. During a two-day event, experts from across public health, dentists, global multi-national corporations and dental industry start-ups discussed the issue, collaboratively developing ideas around policy, technology, messaging and engagement for change. An analysis of the current trends in oral health laid out how the implications for industry and corporate social responsibility were identified as crucial.

Grading the severity of the rotator cuff tendinosis on MRI: Assessment of inter-observer agreement and evaluation of a novel objective assessment tool.

Introduction: MRI is generally considered the modality of choice for the assessment of rotator cuff pathology including tendinosis. Assessment of severity is currently subjective primarily based on tendon morphology and signal intensity. Limited data are available evaluating the inter-observer agreement regarding the assessment of tendinosis severity.

Enantioselective Recognition of Racemic Amino Alcohols in Aqueous Solution by Chiral Metal-Oxide Keplerate {Mo } Cluster Capsules.

Determining the relative configuration or enantiomeric excess of a substance may be achieved using NMR spectroscopy by employing chiral shift reagents (CSRs). Such reagents interact noncovalently with the chiral solute, resulting in each chiral form experiencing different magnetic anisotropy; this is then reflected in their NMR spectra. The Keplerate polyoxometalate (POM) is a molybdenum-based, water-soluble, discrete inorganic structure with a pore-accessible inner cavity, decorated by differentiable ligands.

Peptide sequence mediated self-assembly of molybdenum blue nanowheel superstructures.

The precise control over the formation of complex nanostructures, polyoxometalates (POMs), at the sub-nanoscale is challenging but critical if non-covalent architectures are to be designed. Combining biologically-evolved systems with inorganic nanostructures could lead to sequence-mediated assembly. Herein, we exploit oligopeptides as multidentate structure-directing ligands metal-coordination and hydrogen bonded interactions to modulate the self-assembly of POM superstructures.

Endovascular management of recurrent hemarthrosis of the knee: a case series.

Background: Recurrent hemarthrosis of the knee is an uncommon but potentially debilitating occurrence with multiple etiologies, including previous total knee replacement. The purpose of this study is to present data of a group of patients undergoing angiography and embolization for recurrent hemarthrosis of the knee. Patient characteristics, angiographic findings, safety and efficacy of the procedure are reported.

Spontaneous formation of autocatalytic sets with self-replicating inorganic metal oxide clusters.

Here we show how a simple inorganic salt can spontaneously form autocatalytic sets of replicating inorganic molecules that work via molecular recognition based on the {PMo} ≡ [PMoO] Keggin ion, and {Mo} ≡ [HMoM(NO)O(HO)] cluster. These small clusters are able to catalyze their own formation via an autocatalytic network, which subsequently template the assembly of gigantic molybdenum-blue wheel {Mo} ≡ [MoOH(HO)], {Mo} ≡ [MoMoO(CHCOO)(HO)] ball-shaped species containing 154 and 132 molybdenum atoms, and a {PMo}⊂{MoCe} ≡ [HMoMoCeO(HO) (PMoMoO)(CHNOS)] nanostructure. Kinetic investigations revealed key traits of autocatalytic systems including molecular recognition and kinetic saturation.

Embedding alkenes within an icosahedral inorganic fullerene {(NH)[MoO(L)(HO)]} for trapping volatile organics.

Eight alkene-functionalized molybdenum-based spherical Keplerate-type (inorganic fullerene) structures have been obtained both direct and multistep synthetic approaches. Driven by the opportunity to design unique host-guest interactions within hydrophobic, π-electron rich confined environments, we have synthesised {(NH)[MoO(L)(HO)]}, where L = () acrylic acid, () crotonic acid, () methacrylic acid, () tiglic acid, () 3-butenoic acid, () 4-pentenoic acid, () 5-hexenoic acid, and () sorbic acid. The compounds, which are obtained in good yield (10-40%), contain 30 carboxylate-coordinated alkene ligands which create a central cavity with hydrophobic character.

Ligand-Directed Template Assembly for the Construction of Gigantic Molybdenum Blue Wheels.

Template-mediated synthesis is a powerful approach to build a variety of functional materials and complex supramolecular systems. However, the systematic study of how templates structurally evolve from basic building blocks, and then affect the templated self-assembly, is critical to understanding and utilizing the underlying mechanism, to work towards designed assembly. Here we describe the templated self-assembly of a series of gigantic Mo Blue (MB) clusters 1-4 using l-ornithine as a structure-directing ligand.

Stereoselective Assembly of Gigantic Chiral Molybdenum Blue Wheels Using Lanthanide Ions and Amino Acids.

The synthesis of chiral polyoxometalates (POMs) is a challenge because of the difficulty to induce the formation of intrinsically chiral metal-oxo frameworks. Herein we report the stereoselective synthesis of a series of gigantic chiral Mo Blue (MB) POM clusters 1-5 that are formed by exploiting the synergy between coordinating lanthanides ions as symmetry breakers to produce MBs with chiral frameworks decorated with amino acids ligands; these promote the selective formation of enantiopure MBs. All the compounds share the same framework archetype, based on {MoCe}, which forms an intrinsically chiral Δ or Λ configurations, controlled by the configurations of functionalized chiral amino acids.

Exploring the Molecular Growth of Two Gigantic Half-Closed Polyoxometalate Clusters {Mo } and {Mo Ce }.

Understanding the process of the self-assembly of gigantic polyoxometalates and their subsequent molecular growth, by the addition of capping moieties onto the oxo-frameworks, is critical for the development of the designed assembly of complex high-nuclearity cluster species, yet such processes remain far from being understood. Herein we describe the molecular growth from {Mo } and {Mo Ce } to afford two half-closed gigantic molybdenum blue clusters {Mo } (1) and {Mo Ce } (2), respectively. Compound 1 features a hat-shaped structure with the parent wheel-shaped {Mo } being capped by a {Mo } unit on one side.

Apixaban versus enoxaparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism following total knee arthroplasty: a single-centre, single-surgeon, retrospective analysis.

Background: There is a high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Conventional thromboprophylactic agents have limitations, such as route of administration, the need for monitoring, narrow therapeutic windows and interactions. Apixaban is a new oral anticoagulant with the potential to overcome these limitations.

Evaluation of the effect of double reporting on test accuracy in screening and diagnostic imaging studies: A review of the evidence.

Diagnostic error in radiology is not uncommon, with rates of clinically significant error reported to be as high as 20%. Radiological errors are often multifactorial, however, perceptual factors are thought to be mainly responsible. One way of reducing perceptual error is that of double reporting, which refers to the interpretation of radiological investigations by two observers, with strategies of arbitration and consensus available to settle discordant reports.

Thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty: a review of current practices in an Australian teaching hospital.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a cause of significant morbidity and mortality following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Prophylaxis significantly reduces the rate of VTE following these procedures. Previous studies report suboptimal uptake of guideline recommended thromboprophylaxis.

What the NHS needs to improve: four behaviours to sort out the health system.

This article argues that the NHS is destined to experience repeated mistakes, continued low morale and political instability unless leaders at all levels pay serious attention to four fundamental aspects of culture which are largely absent in today's health system - confidence, curiosity, connectedness and compassion. While a focus purely on structural change will fail to cultivate the corporate spirit needed to challenge and motivate staff to really care, serve and succeed, investing in the appropriate values and behaviours offers the prospect of a widespread and potentially rapid transformation.