Predicting College Student Drinking and Smoking Intentions With Cognitively Accessible Attitudes and Norms.

Understanding the factors that make college students more likely to drink alcohol and smoke cigarettes is key to developing effective interventions in order to reduce these behaviors. This study sought to understand entering college students' intentions to engage in smoking and drinking behavior by examining the cognitive accessibility (ease of retrieval from memory) of attitudes and norms for drinking. A sample of 413 first-year college students living in on-campus residence halls participated in the study in the first 2 weeks of their first semester of college.

Prototypes of drinkers and accessibility of injunctive norms predict college drinking.

A self-report survey of first-year college students ( n = 421; 46% female) included measures of perceived prototype, attitude and injunctive norm accessibility, past drinking behavior, and future drinking intention. Both norm accessibility and prototype perception were significant predictors of intention to drink in the future among first-year college students. The effect of prototypes on drinking diminished as pro-drinking norms became more accessible, indicating greater automaticity of drinking decision-making.

Lifetime Video Game Consumption, Interpersonal Aggression, Hostile Sexism, and Rape Myth Acceptance: A Cultivation Perspective.

Although previous research has investigated relationships between media consumption, sexism, and rape myth acceptance (RMA), limited research has investigated video games despite their emergence as one of the most popular forms of media entertainment globally. Given that video games typically feature even less diverse and more objectified representations of women than traditional mainstream media, we predicted that there would be relationships between video game consumption and negative beliefs and attitudes about women. In this study, we conducted a survey (N = 351) of male and female adults and used structural equation modeling to analyze relationships among video game consumption, trait interpersonal aggression, ambivalent sexism, and first-order (percentage of false rape accusations) and second-order cultivation effects (RMA).

[Continuous ambulatory enteral feeding in hospitalized adults: prospective experience in 98 patients].

The goal of this study, which describes a personal technique of continuous enteral nutrition (CEN) in hospitalized adults on an ambulatory basis, was: to prospectively evaluate, over a 2-year period, its efficacy and tolerance in 98 patients requiring CEN for at least 15 days; to compare its efficacy and tolerance with those of conventional non-ambulatory CEN on a prospectively randomized basis in 16 patients. Ambulatory CEN was given at the rate of 35-45 kcal/kg/d (lipids: 35 p. 100; carbohydrates: 45 p.

[Transfer of CO after prolonged artificial ventilation (18 young people after their stay in the neuro-surgery department) (author's transl)].

We studied the transfer of CO (TLCO) on 18 young people after their stay in the neuro-surgery department, during which they had been submitted to prolonged artificial ventilation. The values of TLCO measured after the single breath method and that of the steady state are all reduced. No statistical correlation has been brought to light between the length of artificial ventilation, or the FiO2 and the lowering of TLCO, or between the seriousness of the pulmonary complications which occurred and the disturbance of the pulmonary function test.

[Automatic continuous calculation in real time of alveolar ventilation (author's transl)].

The authors present the steps and rules to be respected for the building-up of a program of automatic calculation in real time of alveolar ventilation, with a programming calculator from the numerization of signals sent by a pneumotachograph and a rapid analyzer of carbon dioxide. Such a program would follow the rapid variations of alveolar ventilation in periods of transition or ventilatory instability. It could easily be adapted to the continuous calculation of carbon monoxide transfer by the method in a stable condition.

Effects of divided doses of neostigmine on the dynamics of decurarization.

In 37 patients the effect of neostigmine administered in divided doses (0.1 to 0.5 mg) on the dynamics of decurarization was studied by evaluating the tidal volume and respiratory rate.