[Influence of mandibular fracture upon intensity and prevailing direction of carbonate and citrate transport between blood and bones].

Using new coefficient of the difference relative radioactivity (CD(RRA)) bone/blood there was studied [(14)C]-carbonate and [3-(14)C]-citrate in 1-month and 6-months rats after right-side fracture of the mandible in prevailing direction between blood and bone. Animals were taken out from the experiment 20 min after intraperitoneal injection of [(14)C]-carbonate and [3-(14)C]-citrate on 7th day after (stage of cell-fibrous callosity), on 14th day after (stage of chondroid callosity) and on 28th day after (stage of the primary bone callosity) the experiment start. Changes after injections of marked citrate and carbonate were similar.

[Effect of cariesogenic diet and age on selenium distribution between blood and mineralized tissues in rats].

The distribution of Se in the blood and teeth (in the jaw and femoral bones) was evaluated using a new coefficient of relative radioactivity (RRA), representing the ratio of (75)Se in the teeth (bones) and blood. Changes in all RRA were studied during 1-192 hours after intraperitoneal injection of [(75)Se]selenate in one-month-old rats receiving common fodder; a biphasic pattern of changes was observed, with peaks 6 and 48 h and lowering 24 and 192 h postinjection. The first peak was mainly due to Se adsorption on hydroxyapatite, the second to chemo-adsorption on it and Se binding to protein.

[Study of age-specific changes in labeled citrate metabolism in health and disease].

A new coefficient - mineralized tissues/biological fluids (MT/BF) - is suggested for evaluating the distribution of compounds adsorbed by MT and dissolved in BF. The relative radioactivity (RRA) was estimated for the periods of 10 min to 96 h after intraperitoneal injection of [3-(14)C]citrate to rats aged 1 and 3 months and over 1 year by dividing the percent of incorporation in MT by the percent of incorporation in BF. Changes in RRA for molar root/blood serum (R/BS) and RRA for dentin/blood serum (D/BS) are similar: low values at the beginning of experiment, an increase 1 h postinjection, a decrease 2-3 h postinjection, and another increase (65-80 times) by 96 h postinjection.

[A new bone/blood index in the study of labelled citrate metabolism in rat bones in fracture, deafferentation, rickets, and caries].

A new bone/blood index has been developed which is calculated by dividing % of radionuclide inclusion in the bones by % of the inclusion in the serum. Graphic image of the index changes with time is significantly more demonstrative than digital tables and allows one not only easily measure distribution of the labelled compound between fractions diluted in the blood and sorbed on the bone but also specify a major direction of their transport between blood and bone. The index confirms the presence of biphasic primary fast but weak physical adsorption and secondary slow and strong chemisorption.

[Activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and creatine kinase in saliva in gingivitis].

In the human saliva (oral fluid), the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase tends to decrease in gingivitis and diminishes in periodontitis. That of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase increases in gingivitis. In periodontitis, their activity is higher than that in gingivitis.

[Iron in oral cavity fluid in gingival inflammation].

In parodontosis, iron levels are higher in the human gingival fluid and mixed saliva. The free iron-binding capacity of saliva is also increased. In gingivitis, higher levels of iron and free binding capacity are less evident.

[The enzymes of glutamate and organic phosphate metabolism in the saliva in fluorosis (clinical and experimental research)].

Activities of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transferase were reduced in unstimulated pooled saliva of 15-year-old adolescents with endemic fluorosis, vs. those without fluorosis. This point to reduced production of glutamate which is indispensable for bacterial growth.

[Adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase in the saliva of healthy persons and in periodontitis].

Studies of mixed salivary pools of normal subjects aged 22-35 and of patients with periodontitis of slight and medium degree, aged 25-55, have shown a 1.5 times lower activity of salivary adenylate cyclase in the patients with slight periodontitis as against normal subjects and an almost two times lower activity of this enzyme in medium-severity periodontitis patients as against those with the slight condition. The directions of changes in guanylate cyclase activities are contrary; this enzyme activity is elevated in the patients with the slight-degree condition vs.

[Effects of saccharose diet and drinking water with different mineral composition on calcium-phosphorus metabolism in the teeth and bones of rats].

Metabolism of 32P and 45Ca in the teeth and bones was studied in 140 Wistar rats that received a high-saccharose diet and varying amounts of Ca, Mg and F in drinking water. The water hardness and F content influence 45Ca and 32P metabolism in the teeth and bones and caries development. 45Ca and 32P inclusion into mineralized tissues was decreased in rats fed with the high-saccharose diet as compared to the control animals which received a usual ration.

[The effect of magnesium sulfate electrophoresis and galvanization on the mineralization of teeth and bones].

Effects of Mg2+ electrophoresis and galvanization on tooth and bone mineralization was experimentally studied with the use of radioactive Ca and P isotopes. Mg2+ electrophoresis and, to a lesser degree, galvanization enhanced 32P incorporation in incisors and maxillary bones. Mg2+ significantly increased 45Ca incorporation in teeth and maxillary bones.

[The effect of local exposure to Mg and heat on the biosynthesis of sulfur-containing compounds in the oral tissues].

Local Mg electrophoresis was shown to considerably increase the radiolabeled sulphate contents in an application area: gums, mandibular alveolar processes, lower incisors and molars roots. In areas far beyond the phoresis sites (femoral epiphyses and diaphyses) label incorporation was not affected. Mg-free galvanization had no effect on sulphate incorporation into the mineralized tissues.

[Iododeoxyuridine metabolism in the oral tissues and its alteration in infection by the herpes simplex virus].

In healthy white rats [125I]-desoxyuridine, [3H]-thymidine, 2-[14C]-uracyl, 8-[14C]-adenine and [3H)-uridine were used to demonstrate that the [125I]-desoxyuridine metabolism in oral mucosa is analogous to that of thymidine and different from metabolic pathways of another nucleoside uridine and nitrogen purine and pyrimidine bases of adenine and uracyl. In rats infected with herpes simplex virus, the relative tissue/blood 123I radioactivity increased after a [125I]-desoxyuridine injection. The authors suggest that the mechanism of [125I]-desoxyuridine action relies on its involvement into the viral host cell DNA.

[Age-related characteristics of the effect of deafferentation of the mandible on the metabolism of sulfate, citrate, phosphorus and calcium in the bones].

Mineral metabolism in the bones of 1- and 3-month rats reacts to a different extent to cutting the lower alveolar nerve. After deafferentation of the lower jaw, the decrease in the intensity of incorporation of the intraperitoneally injected [3-14C]-citrate and [35S]-sulphate in the bones is more significant in 1-month animals as compared to that in older ones. Deafferentation increased utilization of Na2H32PO4 and 45CaCl2 in the bones of younger rats, but decreased incorporation of 32P and remained unchanged incorporation of 45Ca in 3-month animals.

[Effect of a saccharose diet on the enzymatic activity and the metabolite content from carbohydrate metabolism in the saliva of rats of varying age].

In rats, starting from a month or three-months age, stayed for 2 months on a diet with 54 per cent of saccharose in the saliva the activity of hexokinase, aldolase, malate-dehydrogenase, sorbitol-dehydrogenase, glutamate-dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase and the content of lactate, pyruvate and glucose were determined. In the activity of significant differences of enzymes and carbohydrate metabolites in the saliva of three- and five-months old rats were not disclosed. Keeping of the one-month rats for 2 months on the saccharose diet increased the activity of enzymes (except for malate-dehydrogenase) and raised the amount of lactate and pyruvate.

[Effect of a sugar diet on the exhalation of 14CO2 by rats after the administration of citric acid-3-14C].

In rats of three age groups (one month-old rattlings, young 3-month old and adult rats not younger than 5 months) receiving the usual vivarium food the exhalation of C14O2 substantially decreased with the age and the maximum radioactivity of the air following intraperitoneal introduction of citric acid-3-C14 was greatly delayed. Upon putting for 2 months on a cariogenic diet with 54 per cent of saccharose of one month old and 3-month old animals there was noted a significantly accelerated appearance in the expired air of C14O2 and a quicker reaching the maximum radioactivity of the expired air than in controls. It seems that in an accelerated exhalation of C14O2 a definite role is played by the transormation of citric acid in the muscles and blood with the animals kept on a saccharose diet.

[Selective secretion of rat salivary glands after anion administration and the effect of barbiturate on it].

A study was made of the secretion of labeled anions and their metabolites in the salivary composition of 96 adult Wistar rats. Salivary glands were characterized by a high selectivity in the secretion of substances. After the subcutaneous injection of 14C-acetate, 32P-orthophosphate, 35S-thiocyanate, 131I-iodide to control animals in the physiological state 14C concentrated 2.