Immobilization protocols for the treatment of cervical spine fracture: a scoping review.

Background: Current protocols on cervical immobilization postcervical spine fracture are widely accepted in the acute rehabilitation of older adults, however consensus on its overall effectiveness remains lacking.

Purpose: Summarize information from original studies on available cervical immobilization protocols following a cervical fracture and to answer the questions; Which types of study designs have been used to assess the effectiveness of these protocols? What are the currently reported cervical immobilization protocols following cervical fracture in adults? What is the effectiveness of these protocols? What adverse events are associated with these protocols?

Study Design: Scoping review was performed.

Patient Sample: Searches were performed on the following online databases from inception to February 23, 2023: EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL.

Calf cutaneous stimulation generates reflexes in the thigh that can be modified by subthreshold noisy vibration.

Imperceptible tactile noise applied to the skin of the feet enhances posture-correcting cutaneous reflexes. This sensory augmentation technique, stochastic resonance (SR), has not been tested in the less-sensitive hairy skin of the leg for its reflex-enhancement ability. The objectives of this study were to determine whether calf skin stimulation produces cutaneous reflexes and whether noise can modify the reflex.

Remote Subthreshold Stimulation Enhances Skin Sensitivity in the Lower Extremity.

Foot sole skin interfaces with the ground and contributes to successful balance. In situations with reduced sensitivity in the glabrous foot skin, stochastic resonance (SR) improves skin sensitivity by adding tactile noise. Some situations, however, involve an interface comprised of hairy skin, which has higher thresholds for sensitivity.

Impact of Physical Training Programs on Physical Fitness in People With Class II and III Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Physical training, regardless of the presence of concurrent weight loss, provides numerous health benefits for individuals who are overweight and obese and have or are at risk for cardiovascular disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to identify different types of physical training programs (aerobic, resistance, or combined), with or without counseling/diet modifications, and their impact on physical fitness in individuals who have class II and III obesity.

Data Sources: Medline and Medline In-Process, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and PubMed were searched up to June 2017.

A systematic review of the effect of footwear, foot orthoses and taping on lower limb muscle activity during walking and running.

Background: External devices are used to manage musculoskeletal pathologies by altering loading of the foot, which could result in altered muscle activity that could have therapeutic benefits.

Objectives: To establish if evidence exists that footwear, foot orthoses and taping alter lower limb muscle activity during walking and running.

Study Design: Systematic literature review.