New Eremophilane-Type Sesquiterpenes from the Marine Sediment-Derived Fungus BC17 and Their Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities.

The fungal strain BC17 was isolated from sediments collected in the intertidal zone of the inner Bay of Cadiz and characterized as . On the basis of the one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach, four new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenes (-), together with thirteen known derivatives (-) and two reported diketopiperazines (, ), were isolated from this strain. The chemical structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined through extensive NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic studies and ECD calculation.

Proposal for updating the Health Assessment Questionnaire.

Objective: To propose a consensus modification of the HAQ according to the predominant values, language, and culture of the society.

Methods: First, a scoping review of the literature and a survey of HAQ users were conducted to identify the problems of this questionnaire. In a second phase, a meeting was held with expert professionals to discuss the results and design proposals for modification.

The complemented mutant ΔBcstc7, in the STC7 of Botrytis cinerea led to the characterization of 11,12,13-tri-nor-eremophilenols derivatives.

Botrytis cinerea has high potential for the production of specialized metabolites. The recent resequencing of the genome of the B05.10 strain using PacBio technology and the resulting update of the Ensembl Fungi (2017) database in the genome sequence have been instrumental in identifying new genes that could be involved in secondary metabolism.

Impairment of botrydial production in Botrytis cinerea allows the isolation of undescribed polyketides and reveals new insights into the botcinins biosynthetic pathway.

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that affects a total of 586 genera representing approximately 1400 plant species. This pathogen produces two families of phytotoxins involved in its infection process i.e.

Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in acute respiratory failure: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: We hypothesized that neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) compared to conventional lung-protective mechanical ventilation (MV) decreases duration of MV and mortality in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

Methods: We carried out a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial in patients with ARF from several etiologies. Intubated patients ventilated for ≤ 5 days expected to require MV for ≥ 72 h and able to breathe spontaneously were eligible for enrollment.

Performance of a household tuberculosis exposure survey among children in a Latin American setting.

To evaluate the performance of a survey that quantifies the intensity of household tuberculosis (TB) exposure among children. Children aged 0-14 years in Lima, Peru, with ≥1 signs and/or symptoms of TB and a history of contact with an adult TB patient were included. The 10-question survey was administered to caregivers and addressed sleep proximity, frequency of exposure, and infectiousness of the contact.

Feasibility of the string test for tuberculosis diagnosis in children between 4 and 14 years old.

Background: The enteric string test can be used to obtain a specimen for microbiological confirmation of tuberculosis in children, but it is not widely used for this. The aim of this analysis to evaluate this approach in children with tuberculosis symptoms.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess children's ability to complete the test (feasibility), and self-reported pain (tolerability).

Structural and biosynthetic studies on eremophilenols related to the phytoalexin capsidiol, produced by Botrytis cinerea.

A thorough study of the fermentation broth of three strains of Botrytis cinerea which were grown on a modified Czapek-Dox medium supplemented with 5 ppm copper sulphate, yielded five undescribed metabolites. These metabolites possessed a sesquiterpenoid (+)-4-epi-eremophil-9-ene carbon skeleton which was enantiomeric to that of the phytoalexin, capsidiol. The isolation of these metabolites when the fungus was stressed, suggests that they may be potential effectors used by B.

Autoimmune Hepatitis in Children and Adolescents: Effect on Quality of Life.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) on the quality of life of children and adolescents and to identify which variables effect health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.

Accreditation of specialized asthma units for adults in Spain: an applicable experience for the management of difficult-to-control asthma.

This paper, developed by consensus of staff physicians of accredited asthma units for the management of severe asthma, presents information on the process and requirements for already-existing asthma units to achieve official accreditation by the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR). Three levels of specialized asthma care have been established based on available resources, which include specialized units for highly complex asthma, specialized asthma units, and basic asthma units. Regardless of the level of accreditation obtained, the distinction of "excellence" could be granted when more requirements in the areas of provision of care, technical and human resources, training in asthma, and teaching and research activities were met at each level.

Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on in-vitro cellular cultures HeLa and CHO.

This paper presents the cellular proliferation effects of the exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on in-vitro cellular cultures HeLa and CHO. Through the magnetic stimulation system (MSS) the cells were exposed to magnetic fields with sinusoidal waveform at 50 Hz; initially for 40 minutes at intensities of 0.4 mT, 1.

Patulin Degradation by the Biocontrol Yeast Sporobolomyces sp. Is an Inducible Process.

Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by and a common contaminant of pome fruits and their derived products worldwide. It is considered to be mutagenic, genotoxic, immunotoxic, teratogenic and cytotoxic, and the development of strategies to reduce this contamination is an active field of research. We previously reported that sp.

Psychometric study of the Required Care Levels for People with Severe Mental Disorder Assessment Scale (ENAR-TMG).

Introduction: People with severe mental disorder have significant difficulties in everyday life that involve the need for continued support. These needs are not easily measurable with the currently available tools. Therefore, a multidimensional scale that assesses the different levels of need for care is proposed, including a study of its psychometric properties.

Chemically Induced Cryptic Sesquiterpenoids and Expression of Sesquiterpene Cyclases in Botrytis cinerea Revealed New Sporogenic (+)-4-Epieremophil-9-en-11-ols.

The sequencing of the genomes of the B05.10 and T4 strains of the fungus Botrytis cinerea revealed an abundance of novel biosynthetic gene clusters, the majority of which were unexpected on the basis of the previous analyses of the fermentation of these and closely related species. By systematic alteration of easy accessible cultivation parameters, using chemical induction with copper sulfate, we have found a cryptic sesquiterpenoid family with new structures related to eremophil-9-ene, which had the basic structure of the sesquiterpene (+)-5-epiaristolochene ((+)-4-epieremophil-9-ene).

Discovery of the Collaborative Nature of Science with Undergraduate Science Majors and Non-Science Majors through the Identification of Microorganisms Enriched in Winogradsky Columns.

Today's science classrooms are addressing the need for non-scientists to become scientifically literate. A key aspect includes the recognition of science as a process for discovery. This process relies upon interdisciplinary collaboration.

Electromagnetic stimulation as coadjuvant in the healing of diaphyseal femoral fractures: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: There is controversy in medical literature regarding the use of electromagnetic fields to promote bone healing.

Methods: After designing and building devices capable of generating an electromagnetic field for this study, their safety was confirmed and the electromagnetic therapy was randomly allocated and compared to placebo in patients with fracture of the femoral diaphysis. Treatment began six weeks after the fracture and it was administered once a day, during 1 h, for eight consecutive weeks.

Variation in the distribution of four cacti species due to climate change in Chihuahua, Mexico.

This study is about four cacti species in the state of Chihuahua, (Coryphantha macromeris, Mammillaria lasiacantha, Echinocereus dasyacanthus and Ferocactus wislizenii). Geographic distribution was inferred with MaxEnt. Projection was estimated under three scenarios simulated from IPCC (A2, B1 and A1B) and four periods (2000, 2020, 2050 and 2080) with 19 climatic variables.

Slow-sand water filter: design, implementation, accessibility and sustainability in developing countries.

The need for clean water has risen exponentially over the globe. Millions of people are affected daily by a lack of clean water, especially women and children, as much of their day is dedicated to collecting water. The global water crisis not only has severe medical implications, but social, political, and economic consequences as well.

[Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients with cystic fibrosis].

Objective: To determine the prevalence of chronic colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients with cystic fibrosis, describe antibiotic sensitivity of the strains, and compare the patients' clinical characteristics with those of patients infected with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA).

Patients And Methods: Patients with chronic S.

Sesquiterpene synthase from the botrydial biosynthetic gene cluster of the phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea.

The fungus Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of the economically important gray mold disease that affects more than 200 ornamental and agriculturally important plant species. B. cinerea is a necrotrophic plant pathogen that secretes nonspecific phytotoxins, including the sesquiterpene botrydial and the polyketide botcinic acid.

HPrK regulates succinate-mediated catabolite repression in the gram-negative symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti.

The HPrK kinase/phosphatase is a common component of the phosphotransferase system (PTS) of gram-positive bacteria and regulates catabolite repression through phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of its substrate, the PTS protein HPr, at a conserved serine residue. Phosphorylation of HPr by HPrK also affects additional phosphorylation of HPr by the PTS enzyme EI at a conserved histidine residue. Sinorhizobium meliloti can live as symbionts inside legume root nodules or as free-living organisms and is one of the relatively rare gram-negative bacteria known to have a gene encoding HPrK.

Sinorhizobium meliloti mutants lacking phosphotransferase system enzyme HPr or EIIA are altered in diverse processes, including carbon metabolism, cobalt requirements, and succinoglycan production.

Sinorhizobium meliloti is a member of the Alphaproteobacteria that fixes nitrogen when it is in a symbiotic relationship. Genes for an incomplete phosphotransferase system (PTS) have been found in the genome of S. meliloti.