Kinetics of radiation-induced Cr(II) and Cr(III) redox chemistry in molten LiCl-KCl eutectic.

Chromium (Cr) is a frequent constituent of the metal alloys proposed for molten salt nuclear reactor (MSR) applications, and is typically the least noble metal ion present. Consequently, chromium is preferentially corroded into molten salt solutions. The redox poise and redox cycling of chromium ions in the salt can greatly influence its corrosivity towards structural alloys, ultimately impacting the longevity of MSR systems.

Convection enhanced delivery of Rhenium (Re) Obisbemeda (RNL) in recurrent glioma: a multicenter, single arm, phase 1 clinical trial.

Rhenium (Re) Obisbemeda (RNL), chelated-Re encapsulated in nanoliposomes and delivered to brain tumors via convection enhanced delivery (CED), was evaluated in a Phase 1 dose escalation trial (NCT01906385). The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives included safety and tolerability, dose distribution, the overall response rate (ORR), disease-specific progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Context-Sensitive Processing in a Model Neocortical Pyramidal Cell With Two Sites of Input Integration.

Neocortical layer 5 thick-tufted pyramidal cells are prone to exhibiting burst firing on receipt of coincident basal and apical dendritic inputs. These inputs carry different information, with basal inputs coming from feedforward sensory pathways and apical inputs coming from diverse sources that provide context in the cortical hierarchy. We explore the information processing possibilities of this burst firing using computer simulations of a noisy compartmental cell model.

Treatment Patterns of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (pNET) Patients at Two Canadian Cancer Centres.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are rare but increasingly prevalent malignancies with varied prognoses and a diverse range of treatment options, including surgery, somatostatin analogues (SSAs), chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). This retrospective cohort study analyzed treatment patterns among 189 pNET patients treated between January 2010 and June 2021 at two Canadian cancer centres: the Verspeeten Family Cancer Centre (VFCC), which offers PRRT, and the Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre (TOHCC), which does not at the time of the study. Data on demographics, tumor characteristics, and treatment modalities were collected, and statistical analyses were conducted using chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Anatomical and physiological contributions of nasal turbinate vessels and lymphatics to the pathogenesis of nasal congestion in recurrent headaches: a pilot study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine if specific anatomical changes were present in patients with recurrent headaches including patients with chronic migraines, chronic tension-type headaches, and daily persistent headaches. A retrospective study of 200 patients was performed to evaluate the potential of measuring the amount of nasal blood pool activity (nasal congestion) as a predictive marker for recurrent headaches.

Methods: A cohort analysis was performed involving patients who had been referred to the Nuclear Medicine Clinic over a 3-year period for whole-body blood pool scans.

Virus-induced perturbations in the mouse microbiome are impacted by microbial experience.

The bacterial microbiome has a major impact on health and can shape metabolism, host tolerance, immune responses, and the outcome of future infections. The bacterial microbiome is highly variable between individuals. Specific pathogen-free animals have reduced microbiome diversity, making it difficult to evaluate the impact of infection-induced microbiome disruption that would be observed in free-living animals, including people.

Immunotherapy for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Practical Guide of Current Controversies.

The role of immunotherapy as systemic therapy for nonmetastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved rapidly over the last decade. There are several well-conducted phase 3 clinical trials evaluating immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant, perioperative, adjuvant and nonoperative setting. In this narrative review, we summarize the data from these studies and discuss ongoing controversies in applying these data to clinical practice.

Feasibility of self-investment in a medically tailored meals program by a large health enterprise: Cleveland Clinic experience.

Medically tailored meals (MTMs) are personalized meals designed to meet the therapeutic needs of patients with chronic diseases. Most MTM programs rely on philanthropic support, and the optimal parameters for these programs are not well-defined. To assess the feasibility of an MTM program developed by a major healthcare institution using internal investments and an online platform for meal ordering.

Call to Improve Coding of Cancer-Associated Cachexia.

Cachexia is a systemic wasting syndrome prevalent in patients with cancer that significantly affects quality of life, health care costs, and therapeutic outcomes. Despite its clinical importance, cachexia is rarely formally diagnosed. This deficiency presents a challenge for effective patient management and care, health care resource allocation, and the advancement of therapeutic approaches.

Nutrition-Focused Quality Improvement Programs in Pediatric Care.

Nutrition is fundamental to a child's growth and development. However, nutritional health is often compromised by acute and chronic conditions and treatments that can commonly result in malnutrition. Malnutrition encompasses undernutrition and overnutrition and may be exacerbated by food insecurity.

The Use of Investigator-Assigned Subjective or Judgmental Efficacy and Toxicity Reporting in Early Phase Clinical Trials of Lung Cancer Treatments.

Introduction: Investigator-assigned Subjective or Judgmental Efficacy and Toxicity (ISJET) reporting represents language used to contextualize efficacy or toxicity data in clinical trials that may be inappropriate or misleading. In addition, pooling of grade 1 and 2 adverse events (AEs) may reflect a practice based on acute chemotherapy treatments rather than the expansion of chronic treatments that are now commonplace for many patients with lung cancer. In this study, we set out to evaluate the use of ISJETs and combined grade 1 and 2 reporting in early phase clinical trials of lung treatments at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting.

Nasal lymphatic obstruction of CSF drainage as a possible cause of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.

Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia among older adults, slowly destroys memory and thinking skills. In recent years, scientists have made tremendous progress in understanding Alzheimer's disease, still, they do not yet fully understand what causes the disease. This article proposes a novel etiology for Alzheimer's disease.

Utilization and engagement with an employer-provided digital mental health platform: An international perspective.

Objective: This retrospective study (2020-2022) compared the usage patterns across international regions of an employer-provided digital mental health platform, which is available in native languages and offers both self-guided digital activities and one-on-one sessions.

Methods: Routine data from the platform were analyzed by describing the demographic profile of 178,119 users from different geographical regions, their baseline mental health status and burnout levels, as well as patterns of engagement. Statistical analyses were conducted using logistic and ordered logit models to examine the association between cumulative engagement with the platform over time and baseline characteristics.

Nasal turbinate lymphatic obstruction: a proposed new paradigm in the etiology of essential hypertension.

Hypertension affects an estimated 1.3 billion people worldwide and is considered the number one contributor to mortality via stroke, heart failure, renal failure, and dementia. Although the physiologic mechanisms leading to the development of essential hypertension are poorly understood, the regulation of cerebral perfusion has been proposed as a primary cause.

The Consensus Reporting Items for Studies in Primary Care (CRISP) checklist - the first research reporting guideline made by and for primary care.

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Surgical management of native aortic valve leaflet avulsion during TAVR.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has increased in utilization since its approval for management of aortic stenosis patients across all risk strata. We report a rare case of aortic valve leaflet avulsion after balloon expandable TAVR managed with urgent surgery.

Case Presentation: A 78-year-old male underwent TAVR complicated by avulsion of the native aortic valve leaflet's left coronary cusp.

Targeting a STING agonist to perivascular macrophages in prostate tumors delays resistance to androgen deprivation therapy.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a front-line treatment for prostate cancer. In some men, their tumors can become refractory leading to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This causes tumors to regrow and metastasize, despite ongoing treatment, and impacts negatively on patient survival.

Image-guided patient-specific optimization of catheter placement for convection-enhanced nanoparticle delivery in recurrent glioblastoma.

Background: Proper catheter placement for convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is required to maximize tumor coverage and minimize exposure to healthy tissue. We developed an image-based model to patient-specifically optimize the catheter placement for rhenium-186 (Re)-nanoliposomes (RNL) delivery to treat recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM).

Methods: The model consists of the 1) fluid fields generated via catheter infusion, 2) dynamic transport of RNL, and 3) transforming RNL concentration to the SPECT signal.