Metabolic profile and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in different reproductive phases of Czech women and their relations to weight, body composition and fat distribution.

In our study, 213 healthy Czech women aged 20 to 65 years were examined and divided into fully reproductive, premenopausal, menopausal and postmenopausal groups. In all subjects body composition was determined by classical anthropometry and metabolic profile was assessed. A total of 146 subjects completed 3-year longitudinal study.

Weight, body composition and fat distribution changes of Czech women in the different reproductive phases: a longitudinal study.

Women tend to gain weight with age, especially fat mass which shows also regional changes. A cross-sectional study was done on 213 Czech women with the conclusion that there is a progressive weight increase up to the menopause, an increase in absolute and relative fat contribution and fat centralisation up to the postmenopause and these changes seemed to occur even before the weight increase occurs. The same cohort was examined the same way after 3 years for further analysis.

Weight, body composition and fat distribution of Czech women in relation with reproductive phase: a cross-sectional study.

A sample of 213 healthy Czech women was classified into four groups according to their reproductive phase: fully reproductive, premenopausal, menopausal and postmenopausal women. Changes in body weight, body composition and fat distribution were studied in those four groups using the classical anthropometric method. Body weight rises till the menopause with no further increase.

[Conversion from Consupren sol. to Consupren S capsules in kidney transplant patients].

In a group of patients after transplantation of the kidney with stabilized graft function treated by Consupren sol. combined with prednisone and azathioprin in 20 patients (group A) Consupren sol. was replaced by Consupren S capsules, in 17 patients (group B) Consupren sol.

Development of centrality indices of subcutaneous fat during growth.

Changes of fat distribution were followed up in Czech and Slovak children from 1.5 to 15 years of age, using centrality indices, which relate the values of skinfolds on the trunk to the skinfolds on the extremities, head and neck. Up to 5 years of age, subcutaneous fat was deposited relatively more on the extremities, head and neck than on the trunk, which was expressed by lower values of the centrality indices.

[Pulsed doses of calcitriol in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients on hemodialysis].

Administration of pulse doses of calcitriol is a better way of conservative treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT), making use of the direct suppression of parathormone (PTH) secretion. In a group of 29 haemodialyzed patients the authors evaluated during a six-month follow-up the effect of intravenous Calcijex in 12 and of oral Rocaltrol in 8 subjects. In responders of the calcijex group the PTH level declined by 67.

[Metabolic sequelae of pancreatic transplantation using two different surgical techniques].

Background: By transplantation of the pancreas in diabetics type 1 long-term-term independence on exogenous insulin can be achieved. The extent of normalization of the carbohydrate metabolism can depend on the applied surgical technique. The objective of the submitted work was to compare indicators of compensation of diabetes one year after combined transplantation of the kidney and pancreas, using the method of transplantation of a segment of the pancreas with obliteration of the pancreatic duct by a polymer and the method of transplantation of the whole pancreas with drainage of the pancreatic duct into the urinary bladder.

[Nephrotoxicity of Sandimmune and Consupren in an experiment].

Cyclosporin A is a basic immunosuppresive drug after organ transplantation. Morphological and functional features of Cyclosporin A nephrotoxicity caused by Sandimmune (Sandoz) and Consupren (of the Czech origin) were investigated in male Wistar rats. Rats were subjected to a right side nephrectomy followed by 45-minute- ischemia of remaining left kidney.

[An experimental model of the effect of uremia on cyclosporin A availability].

Background: The aim of the study was to determine whether or not uraemia has an effect on cyclosporine A intestinal resorption.

Methods And Results: Model experiments were conducted in rats to monitor the effect of acute uraemia (bilateral nephrectomy) on the kinetics of cyclosporine A. Using intragastric tube, Cyclosporine A was administered to one group of rats in the form of Consupren (Galena, Czech Republic) and to another group in the form of Sandimmune (Sandoz, Switzerland), at a dose of 10 mg/kg/24 h either case.

[Comparison of functional and morphologic changes after administration of Consupren and Sandimmune in rats with a 5/6 nephrectomy].

Rats with 5/6 nephrectomy were used to compare the nephrotoxic effects of Consupren (cyclosporine A by Galena, Czech Republic) and Sandimmun (Sandoz, Switzerland). Twenty-one days after the administration of the same dosage, 10 mg/kg 24 hr, the blood levels of cyclosporine A were statistically significantly higher (P < 0.025) in rats given Consupren than in rats receiving Sandimmun.

[Cranial and thoracic circumference as criteria of body development].

The growth of thoracic and neurocranial circumference was studied in 47,099 Czech and Slovak children and adolescents of both sexes, ranging in age from 1 1/2 to 18 years. The data were obtained during our nation-wide studies on the territory of the CSFR in 1987-1988. At the end of the second year of life the values of thoracic circumference were already markedly higher than the values of neurocranial circumference.

[Consupren in prophylactic therapy after kidney transplantation].

Thirty patients after a first transplantation of the kidney from a dead donor were treated with Consupren Galena combined with azathioprine and prednisone for a period of at least one year. As control served a comparable historical group of 50 patients treated with a combination of three immunosuppressive drugs using Sandimmune, Sandoz. No significant differences were found between the two groups as regards the functional development of the grafts, the number of lost grafts, the cumulative survival of grafts, the number of rejections and the number of deaths.

[Hyperparathyroidism and parathyroidectomy in dialyzed patients].

The authors present older and more recent views regarding the pathogenesis of hypocalcaemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure with emphasis on the impact of inorganic phosphate retention and lack of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in body fluids. As regards therapeutic procedures the initial problem is to control hyperphosphataemia and to suppress the increased parathormone secretion in particular in dialyzed patients. When treating hyperphosphataemia it is necessary with regard to the severity of the finding to use concurrently several procedures and avoid aluminium phosphate binders.

[Membrane transport of cations in erythrocytes during treatment of essential hypertension with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors].

The authors investigated in ten patients with essential hypertension changes in the membrane transport of sodium in red blood cells and the intracellular calcium content of thrombocytes during the control period during treatment of hypertension with central sympatholytics and after three-week treatment with an inhibitor of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), enalapril. The effect of enalapril in hypertonic patients was manifested by a rise of the renin plasma activity and the potassium concentration and a reduction of the sodium plasma concentration which corresponds to the inhibition of angiotensin II. The intracellular calcium and sodium content was unaltered.

[Initial clinical experience with Consupren, a new preparation manufactured in Czechoslovakia (Galena), in patients after liver transplantation].

Fourteen patients on average 10 months after transplantation of the kidney treated with Sandimmune were changed to a new Czechoslovak preparation Consupren, Galena (Cyclosporine A), while maintaining the other components of immunosuppressive treatment (azathioprine, prednisone). The patients were followed up for 6-12 months on the new drug. The tolerance of Consupren was in all patients satisfactory.

[Arteriosclerosis risk factors in the offspring and siblings of type 2 diabetics].

Risk factors of atherosclerosis were examined in 63 offspring and 30 siblings of type 2 diabetics and in 22 controls. Clinical complications of atherosclerosis were not found very frequently in direct relatives of diabetic patients. Diabetes was detected in 17% siblings, an impaired glucose tolerance in 11% of the offspring and in 33% siblings.

[Cyclosporin A in preventive therapy after kidney transplantation: a double combination versus a triple combination. II. Adverse effects of cyclosporin A and therapeutic complications].

The incidence of irreversibly afunctional grafts, late functional development and period of the initial temporary lack of function did not differ in the two groups. The total number of nephrotoxic episodes was significantly (p less than 0.05) lower in the triple combination, chronic nephrotoxicity developed with equal frequency.

[Cyclosporin A in preventive therapy after kidney transplantation: a double combination versus a triple combination. I. Therapeutic effectiveness].

Two groups of patient after a first renal transplantation from a dead donor were treated by a double combination of cyclosporin A and prednisone (group A) and triple combination cyclosporin A and azathioprin and prednisone (group B). The groups were similar as regards effectiveness of treatment (evaluated with regard to the survival of recipients and grafts and the number of rejection episodes); they did not differ as to the losses of grafts for other than immunity reasons, which predominated in both groups over losses caused by rejection. Discontinuation of prednisone after four months in group A was complicated by rejection in 54%.

Endocrine pancreatic secretion in patients after acute pancreatitis.

In 14 nonobese patients after acute pancreatitis and with normal oral glucose tolerance, the response of insulin, C-peptide, and pancreatic glucagon after 100 g of oral glucose was assessed. The curves of insulin and C-peptide were significantly raised compared with those of controls, and no difference was found between the response of patients with a negative (n = 8) and a positive (n = 6) family history of type II diabetes. The curves of pancreatic glucagon did not differ from those found in controls.

Contribution of clinical pharmacology to a rational use of cardiac glycosides in Czechoslovakia.

In Czechoslovakia, drug utilization studies showed that oral forms of digoxin and lanatoside C are traditionally the most prescribed cardiac glycosides. Our study of the relative bioavailability of the oral form of lanatoside C revealed that the drug has a low and irregular bioavailability making use of this frequently prescribed drug non-rational. The above data definitely contributed to a sharp decrease in the use of the oral form of lanatoside C in our country, which is in agreement with consumption trends in other European countries.

[HLA antigens in type II diabetics].

The study examined the relationship between class I HLA antigens and type II diabetes with regard to insulin secretion and hyperlipoproteinemia. Out of 28 HLA antigens of A, B and C loci, 46 type II diabetics had statistically more significant HLA Cw1 - 15.9% as compared with 6.

In vivo studies of the relationship between the activation of lipid metabolism, postirradiation bone marrow cell proliferation and radioresistance of mice.

The effect of adaptation to intermittent feeding on the in vivo biosynthesis of fatty acids and total lipids in the epididymal adipose tissue, the liver and the bone marrow was studied in adult male mice (CBA/JPh x C57BL@10 ScSnPh)F1. At the same time the effects of the same experimental stimulus on the rate of regeneration (proliferation) of bone marrow cells after sublethal irradiation of animals and on the overall radioresistance of mice expressed as 30 days survival after whole-body gamma irradiation were determined. Intermittent feeding in mice has been shown to have a significant effect on the biosynthesis of fatty acids and total lipids in all the tissues studied, including bone marrow cells, the intensity of the effect being closely dependent on the duration of the experimental stimulus.