Spontaneous enteric nervous system activity generates contractile patterns prior to maturation of gastrointestinal motility.

Background: Spontaneous neuronal network activity is essential to the functional maturation of central and peripheral circuits, yet whether this is a feature of enteric nervous system development has yet to be established. Although enteric neurons are known exhibit electrophysiological properties early in embryonic development, no connection has been drawn between this neuronal activity and the development of gastrointestinal (GI) motility patterns.

Methods: We use ex vivo GI motility assays with newly developed unbiased computational analyses to identify GI motility patterns across mouse embryonic development.

A mutual information measure of phase-amplitude coupling using gamma generalized linear models.

Introduction: Cross frequency coupling (CFC) between electrophysiological signals in the brain is a long-studied phenomenon and its abnormalities have been observed in conditions such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. More recently, CFC has been observed in stomach-brain electrophysiologic studies and thus becomes an enticing possible target for diseases involving aberrations of the gut-brain axis. However, current methods of detecting coupling, specifically phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), do not attempt to capture the phase and amplitude statistical relationships.

Spontaneous enteric nervous system activity precedes maturation of gastrointestinal motility.

Spontaneous neuronal network activity is essential in development of central and peripheral circuits, yet whether this is a feature of enteric nervous system development has yet to be established. Using gastrointestinal (GI) motility assays with unbiased computational analyses, we identify a previously unknown pattern of spontaneous neurogenic GI motility. We further show that this motility is driven by cholinergic signaling, which may inform GI pharmacology for preterm patients.

Simultaneous Gut-Brain Electrophysiology Shows Cognition and Satiety Specific Coupling.

Recent studies, using high resolution magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electrogastrography (EGG), have shown that during resting state, rhythmic gastric physiological signals are linked with cortical brain oscillations. Yet, gut-brain coupling has not been investigated with electroencephalography (EEG) during cognitive brain engagement or during hunger-related gut engagement. In this study in 14 young adults (7 females, mean ± SD age 25.

A Mutual Information Measure of Phase-Amplitude Coupling using High Dimensional Sparse Models.

Cross frequency coupling (CFC) between electrophysiological signals in the brain has been observed and it's abnormalities have been observed in conditions such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. More recently, CFC has been observed in stomach-brain electrophysiologic studies and thus becomes an enticing possible target for diseases involving aberrations of the gut-brain axis. However, current methods of detecting coupling do not attempt to capture the underlying statistical relationships that give rise to this coupling.

Miniaturized wireless gastric pacing via inductive power transfer with non-invasive monitoring using cutaneous Electrogastrography.

Background: Gastroparesis is a debilitating disease that is often refractory to pharmacotherapy. While gastric electrical stimulation has been studied as a potential treatment, current devices are limited by surgical complications and an incomplete understanding of the mechanism by which electrical stimulation affects physiology.

Methods: A leadless inductively-powered pacemaker was implanted on the gastric serosa in an anesthetized pig.

Glucose: a possible intermediate in the oxidation of the side chain of cholesterol in resting and stimulated rats.

The effect of repeated muscular contraction on the rate of oxidation of the side chain of cholesterol was studied in anesthetized rats. The animals received an intravenous pulse-label injection of either cholesterol-26-(14)C, incorporated into rat plasma lipoproteins, or bicarbonate-(14)C. In half the animals of each group, the hind legs were repeatedly stimulated by electrical impulses.