Clinical value of Alzheimer's disease biomarker testing.

Introduction: In the Investigating the Impact of Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostics in British Columbia (IMPACT-AD BC) study, we aimed to understand how Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker testing-used in medical care-impacted medical decision-making (medical utility), personal decision-making (personal utility), and health system economics.

Methods: The study was designed as an observational, longitudinal cohort study. A total of 149 patients were enrolled between February 2019 and July 2021.

Establishment of an inspection standard for decomposition and methane production rates of organic waste co-digestion facilities in Korea.

Domestic organic waste resources have increased over the past decade and treatment of this waste via co-digested biogasification facilities is increasing annually. However, inspection standards for such facilities are not well-established. Herein, we aimed to derive calculation formulas and factors related to organic matter decomposition efficiency and methane production rate in accordance with waste treatment facility inspection standards.

Evaluation of Real and Perceived Risk to Health Care Workers Caring for Patients With the Omicron Variant of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Surgery and Obstetrics.

Objectives: The Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is described as more contagious than previous variants. We sought to assess risk to health care workers (HCWs) caring for patients with COVID-19 in surgical/obstetrical settings, and the perception of risk among this group.

Methods: From January to April 2022, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral ribonucleic acid in patient, environmental (floor, equipment, passive air) samples, and HCWs' masks (inside surface) during urgent surgery or obstetrical delivery for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 contamination in the operating room and birthing room setting: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The exposure risks to front-line health care workers caring for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection undergoing surgery or obstetric delivery are unclear, and an understanding of sample types that may harbour virus is important for evaluating risk. We sought to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA from patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection undergoing surgery or obstetric delivery was present in the peritoneal cavity of male and female patients, in the female reproductive tract, in the environment of the surgery or delivery suite (surgical instruments or equipment used, air or floors), and inside the masks of the attending health care workers.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from November 2020 to May 2021 at 2 tertiary academic Toronto hospitals, during urgent surgeries or obstetric deliveries for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Local Recurrence Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer Oligometastases Treated With Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report local failure (LF) outcomes and associated predictors in patients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with CRC metastases to the brain, liver, spine, or lung treated with SABR between 2001 and 2016. Time to LF was summarized using cumulative incidence of LF curves with death as a competing risk.

Nomogram to Predict Risk of Postoperative Urinary Retention in Women Undergoing Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery.

Objective: To develop a nomogram that determines an individual's risk of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) following pelvic floor reconstructive surgery.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of women who underwent reconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapse and/or stress urinary incontinence. Short-term POUR was defined as failure of the trial of void (post-void residual >150 mL with a void of >200 mL) on postoperative day one or the need for re-catheterization in the first 2 postoperative days.

An autoinhibitory mechanism controls RNA-binding activity of the nitrate-sensing protein NasR.

The ANTAR domain harnesses RNA-binding activity to promote transcription attenuation. Although several ANTAR proteins have been analyzed by high-resolution structural analyses, the residues involved in RNA-recognition and transcription attenuation have not been identified. Nor is it clear how signal-responsive domains are allosterically coupled with ANTAR domains for control of gene expression.

The Effect of Medical Consultation on Patients' Concerns Regarding Vaginal Mesh Use in Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery.

Objective: This study sought to determine patients' background knowledge and attitudes towards the use of mesh in pelvic floor reconstructive surgery (PFRS) and the effect of medical consultation on their knowledge and attitudes about mesh use.

Methods: New urogynecology patients seen for pelvic organ prolapse and/or stress urinary incontinence were asked to complete pre-consultation questionnaires involving 12 questions on demographics and knowledge, attitudes, and concerns about the use of vaginal mesh. If PFRS was discussed, a post-consultation questionnaire was administered.

Conflict Among Colleagues: Health Care Providers Feel Undertrained and Unprepared to Manage Inevitable Workplace Conflict.

Objective: In the health care sector, intercollegial conflict is inevitable. Such conflict may have an adverse effect on employee turnover, workplace morale, and patient safety and care. Conversely, skillful management of conflict may result in beneficial change and improvement.

Cognitive sequelae of endocrine therapy in women treated for breast cancer: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Evidence suggests anti-estrogen endocrine therapy (ET) is associated with adverse cognitive effects; however, findings are based on small samples and vary in the cognitive abilities affected. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize the evidence.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched in November 2016.

Sex Difference in Aerobic Exercise Efficacy to Improve Cognition in Older Adults with Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aerobic training (AT) is a promising, non-pharmacological intervention to mitigate the deleterious effects of aging and disease on brain health. However, a large amount of variation exists in its efficacy. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of AT in 71 older adults with subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (NCT01027858).

Prevalence of delusions in drug-naïve Alzheimer disease patients: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common at all stages of Alzheimer disease (AD). Delusions in AD are associated with negative clinical consequences and may signal rapid disease progression. Hence, we sought to determine the prevalence of delusions in drug-naïve (no cholinesterase inhibitor or neuroleptic medications) AD patients.

Unusual Perils of Pelvic Organ Prolapse.

Background: Prolapse can be treated with expectant management, pessary, or surgery. Although we consider the first two options benign, rare but serious complications can arise. CASE 1: A 64-year-old presented with recurrent grade 4 prolapse.

The 2002 NIMH Provisional Diagnostic Criteria for Depression of Alzheimer's Disease (PDC-dAD): Gauging their Validity over a Decade Later.

Presented herein is evidence for criterion, content, and convergent/discriminant validity of the NIMH-Provisional Diagnostic Criteria for depression of Alzheimer's Disease (PDC-dAD) that were formulated to address depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using meta-analytic and systematic review methods, we examined criterion validity evidence in epidemiological and clinical studies comparing the PDC-dAD to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition (DSM-IV), and International Classification of Disease (ICD 9) depression diagnostic criteria. We estimated prevalence of depression by PDC, DSM, and ICD with an omnibus event rate effect-size.

Aerobic exercise and vascular cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of a progressive aerobic exercise training program on cognitive and everyday function among adults with mild subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (SIVCI).

Methods: This was a proof-of-concept single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing a 6-month, thrice-weekly, progressive aerobic exercise training program (AT) with usual care plus education on cognitive and everyday function with a follow-up assessment 6 months after the formal cessation of aerobic exercise training. Primary outcomes assessed were general cognitive function (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale [ADAS-Cog]), executive functions (Executive Interview [EXIT-25]), and activities of daily living (Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living [ADCS-ADL]).

Endocrine treatment-associated cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors: evidence from published studies.

Endocrine-based treatments are the mainstay of therapy for postmenopausal women with breast cancer; yet concern has been raised about potential adverse cognitive effects. We performed a systematic review of the published literature to evaluate whether endocrine-based treatments for breast cancer are associated with changes in cognitive domains and whether these effects are more pronounced with advanced age. An electronic database search was performed.

The Unintended Consequences of an FDA Warning: The Case of Power Morcellation in Myoma Surgery.

Objective: To study patients' perspectives regarding the risks and benefits of the use of power morcellation.

Design: Cross-sectional survey (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).

Setting: Academic tertiary referral hospital.