Size-Up, Size-Down: Accuracy of Component Sizing with Computerized Tomography and Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Templating prior to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can help to improve surgical efficiency and potentially improve alignment and outcomes. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the ability of computed tomography (CT)-based preoperative templating to accurately predict implant sizes. A total of 724 Stryker MAKO robotic-assisted TKA cases were retrospectively evaluated from a prospectively collected database between January 2020 and October 2023.

Goals of Care Discussions in Orthopaedic Surgery: Geriatric Hip Fractures.

Background: Due to the severity of hip fracture complications in the geriatric population, including major morbidity and mortality, it is crucial to establish treatment goals and manage expectations as a patient-centered multidisciplinary team. Goals of care (GOC) are personalized treatment programs designed to align with the individual patient's values and preferences. There is a paucity of literature on the topic of GOC discussions, especially regarding orthopaedic injuries.

Short-Term Oxygen Therapy Outcomes in COPD.

Rationale: Short-term oxygen therapy (STOT) is often prescribed to allow patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to be discharged safely from hospital following an acute illness. This practice is widely accepted without being based on evidence.

Purpose: Our objective was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with COPD who received STOT.

Randomized Trial of Nocturnal Oxygen in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Long-term oxygen therapy improves survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic severe daytime hypoxemia. However, the efficacy of oxygen therapy for the management of isolated nocturnal hypoxemia is uncertain.

Methods: We designed this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to determine, in patients with COPD who have nocturnal arterial oxygen desaturation without qualifying for long-term oxygen therapy, whether nocturnal oxygen provided for a period of 3 to 4 years would decrease mortality or the worsening of disease such that patients meet current specifications for long-term oxygen therapy.

Accuracy of rating scale interval values used in multiple mini-interviews: a mixed methods study.

When determining the score given to candidates in multiple mini-interview (MMI) stations, raters have to translate a narrative judgment to an ordinal rating scale. When adding individual scores to calculate final ranking, it is generally presumed that the values of possible scores on the evaluation grid are separated by constant intervals, following a linear function, although this assumption is seldom validated with raters themselves. Inaccurate interval values could lead to systemic bias that could potentially distort candidates' final cumulative scores.

Image cytometry as an alternative to flow cytometry for the transplant histocompatibility crossmatch assay.

The lymphocyte crossmatch is currently the only cell-based compatibility assay performed by histocompatibility laboratories for transplant purposes. While in many transplant programs the complement-dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch (CDCXM) remains in use, when available, the flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM) is the method of choice because of its superior sensitivity and specificity. Unfortunately, the maintenance and cost of a flow cytometer is a considerable limitation for small histocompatibility laboratories.

Symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with aclidinium in a real-life setting.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease with symptoms that can have a major impact on patients' physical health. The aim of this study was to evaluate quality of life (QoL), symptom severity and dyspnoea in COPD patients treated with aclidinium up to 24 weeks.

Methods: In this prospective non-interventional multicentre study (198 centres in Sweden, Denmark, and Norway), COPD patients (age ≥40 years) who started treatment with aclidinium (initial therapy, change of treatment, or add-on therapy) could be included.

Automated enumeration and viability measurement of canine stromal vascular fraction cells using fluorescence-based image cytometry method.

In recent years, the lipoaspirate collected from adipose tissue has been seen as a valuable source of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for autologous cellular therapy. For multiple applications, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are isolated from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue. Because the fresh stromal vascular fraction typically contains a heterogeneous mixture of cells, determining cell concentration and viability is a crucial step in preparing fraction samples for downstream processing.

Use of image cytometry for quantification of pathogenic fungi in association with host cells.

Studies of the cellular pathogenesis mechanisms of pathogenic yeasts such as Candida albicans, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Cryptococcus neoformans commonly employ infection of mammalian hosts or host cells (i.e. macrophages) followed by yeast quantification using colony forming unit analysis or flow cytometry.

Rapid quantification of pathogenic fungi by Cellometer image-based cytometry.

The objective of this study was to develop an image-based cytometric methodology for the quantification of viable pathogenic yeasts, which can offer increased sensitivity and efficiency when compared to the traditional colony forming unit (CFU) assay. Live/dead yeast quantification by flow cytometry has been previously demonstrated, however, adoption of flow cytometric detection of pathogenic yeasts has been limited for a number of practical reasons including its high cost and biosafety considerations. Our studies focus on detection of two human fungal pathogens: Histoplasma capsulatum and Candida albicans.

Rapid image-based cytometry for comparison of fluorescent viability staining methods.

The ability to accurately measure cell viability is important for any cell-based research. Traditionally, viability measurements have been performed using trypan blue exclusion method on hemacytometer, which allowed researchers to visually distinguish viable from nonviable cells. However, the trypan blue method is often limited to only cell lines or primary cells that have been rigorously purified.

Trauma and substance use disorders in rural and urban veterans.

Context: Disparities in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of multiple mental health conditions have been described between rural and urban populations. However, there is limited information regarding differences in exposure to trauma and trauma-related mental health conditions in these populations. Given the number of veterans who are returning to rural communities after serving in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom, differences in trauma exposure are of particular relevance.

Safety, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of TPI 1020 in smokers with asthma.

Background: TPI 1020 is a novel compound with potential for anti-neutrophil effects. TPI 1020 exerts its effects by a dual mechanism of action involving corticosteroid activity and controlled donation of nitric oxide.

Objectives: We assessed the safety, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic activity of ascending doses of TPI 1020 compared to budesonide in asthma.

Effects of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial.

Background: Home-based rehabilitation is a promising approach to improve access to pulmonary rehabilitation.

Objective: To assess whether self-monitored, home-based rehabilitation is as effective as outpatient, hospital-based rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Design: Randomized, multicenter, noninferiority trial.

Validity and reliability of the modified shuttle walk test in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: (1) To examine the concurrent criterion validity of the modified shuttle walk test (MSWT) by using the 6- (6MWT) and 12-minute walk test (12MWT), (2) to examine the concurrent criterion validity of the estimated maximum oxygen uptake (Vo2max) of the MSWT with actual Vo2max, and (3) to determine test-retest reliability of the MSWT in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Design: Validation study.

Setting: Outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program.

Hypertensive smokers have a worse cardiovascular risk profile than non-smokers in spite of treatment--a national study in Sweden.

Smoking is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Studies have indicated that smoking may outweigh the benefit of blood pressure (BP) control. Our aim was to compare cardiovascular risk factors in smokers vs non-smokers from a national sample of treated hypertensives.

A Canadian, multicentre, randomized clinical trial of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: rationale and methods.

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation remains largely underused. Self-monitored, home-based rehabilitation is a promising approach to improving the availability of pulmonary rehabilitation.

Objective: To report the rationale and methods of a trial comparing the effectiveness of self-monitored, home-based rehabilitation with hospital-based, outpatient rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Multicultural identity and gay men in the era of AIDS.

In establishing integrated identities, gay men face psychosocial challenges that differ from those of most heterosexuals, although heterosexual males of minority cultures may confront similar developmental tasks. In the 1990s, the need for gay men to integrate bicultural identity and the "coming-out" process is further complicated by the stigma of AIDS. This paper aims to enhance clinicians' understanding of the multiple influences of culture and subculture, the AIDS epidemic, and racial and ethnic factors on the healthy development of gay males.

An integrated team approach to community mental health.

An interdisciplinary clinical team approach can be effective in the reintegration of chronically disturbed psychiatric patients into community living. Such a program includes aggressive outreach and intensive support, psychotherapy, psychiatry, crisis intervention, case management, and health-related services. Such programs can flourish when social policy and legal mandates support the necessary environment for change.

Immunologic aspects of psoriasis. III. Fc-gamma-receptor bearing mononuclear cells in peripheral blood.

An anti-IgG activity has previously been reported at the cellular level in patients with psoriasis. This activity was demonstrated by the so-called 'rheumatoid' rosette test. In the present work the nature of 'rheumatoid' rosette-forming cells was studied in comparison with other EA rosette techniques.

[Fc-gamma-receptor cells and rheumatoid arthritis].

Certain blood lymphocytes of patients suffering from rhumatoid arthritis (RA) and or control subjects, can be detected using a rosette technique in the presence of erythrocyte antibody compounds (EA). The EA rosettes demonstrate the presence of cells having a receptor for the Fc fragment of the IgG's (Fc-receptor). A significant increase in highly active EA rosettes during RA was demonstrated using six EA compounds differing according to the type of erythrocyte and the quantity of sensitizing antibody.