A Triangular Frustrated Eu(II)-Organic Framework for Sub-Kelvin Magnetic Refrigeration.

Attaining sub-Kelvin temperatures remains technologically challenging and often relies on the scarce resource He, unless employing adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration. Herein, the active coolant typically consists of weakly coupled paramagnetic ions, whose magnetic interaction strengths are comparable in energy to the relevant temperature regime of cooling. Such interactions depend strongly on inter-ion distances, fundamentally hindering the realization of dense coolants for sub-Kelvin refrigeration.

Atmospheric corrosion of carbon and galvanized steel under high rainfall conditions.

The corrosion rates of carbon steel and galvanized steel according to the ISO 9223 standard, the effect of pollutant contamination and atmospheric aggressiveness under high rainfall conditions in the Chocó department were studied. Carbon and galvanized steel samples, chloride, and sulfur collectors were exposed in three atmospheric stations in three strategic positions covering the Colombian Pacific: Quibdó, Andagoya and Bahía Solano, for different exposure periods (up to 18 months). The structural-micro characterization of corrosion products was evaluated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy SEM-EDS.

GlyT2-positive interneurons regulate timing and variability of information transfer in a cerebellar-behavioural loop.

GlyT2-positive interneurons, Golgi and Lugaro cells, reside in the input layer of the cerebellar cortex in a key position to influence information processing. Here, we examine the contribution of GlyT2-positive interneurons to network dynamics in Crus 1 of mouse lateral cerebellar cortex during free whisking. We recorded neuronal population activity using NeuroPixels probes before and after chemogenetic downregulation of GlyT2-positive interneurons in male and female mice.

Positive and negative affect, related mental health traits, and cognitive performance: shared genetic architecture and potential causality.

Altered affect and cognitive dysfunction are transdiagnostic, burdensome, and pervasive features of many psychiatric conditions which remain poorly understood and have few efficacious treatments. Research on the genetic architecture of these phenotypes and causal relationships between them may provide insight into their aetiology and comorbidity. Using data from the Lifelines Cohort Study, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on positive and negative affect and four cognitive domains (working memory, reaction time, visual learning and memory, executive function).

Reach and effectiveness of a HEARTS hypertension pilot project in Guatemala.

The World Health Organization Global Hearts initiative (HEARTS) and technical package aim to improve the primary health care management of hypertension and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease at the population level. This study describes the first HEARTS implementation pilot project in Guatemala's Ministry of Health (MOH) primary health care system. This pilot began in April 2022 in six primary health care facilities in three rural indigenous municipalities.

Evaluating the World Health Organization's HEARTS Model for Hypertension and Diabetes Management: A Pilot Implementation Study in Guatemala.

Background: The World Health Organization HEARTS Technical Package is a widely implemented global initiative to improve the primary care management of cardiovascular disease risk factors. The study's objective is to report outcomes from a pilot implementation trial of integrated hypertension and diabetes management based on the HEARTS model in Guatemala.

Methods: We conducted a single-arm pilot implementation trial over 6 months from October 2023 to May 2024 in 11 Guatemalan Ministry of Health primary care facilities in two districts.

A Pro-Inflammatory Stimulus versus Extensive Passaging of DITNC1 Astrocyte Cultures as Models to Study Astrogliosis.

Astrogliosis is a process by which astrocytes, when exposed to inflammation, exhibit hypertrophy, motility, and elevated expression of reactivity markers such as Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein, Vimentin, and Connexin43. Since 1999, our laboratory in Chile has been studying molecular signaling pathways associated with "gliosis" and has reported that reactive astrocytes upregulate Syndecan 4 and αβ Integrin, which are receptors for the neuronal glycoprotein Thy-1. Thy-1 engagement stimulates adhesion and migration of reactive astrocytes and induces neurons to retract neurites, thus hindering neuronal network repair.

Sirt6 protects retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve from degeneration during aging and glaucoma.

Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, and its risk increases with aging. Yet comprehensive insights into the complex mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we found that anti-aging molecule Sirt6 was highly expressed in RGCs.

Cerebellar state estimation enables resilient coupling across behavioural domains.

Cerebellar computations are necessary for fine behavioural control and may rely on internal models for estimation of behaviourally relevant states. Here, we propose that the central cerebellar function is to estimate how states interact with each other, and to use these estimates to coordinates extra-cerebellar neuronal dynamics underpinning a range of interconnected behaviours. To support this claim, we describe a cerebellar model for state estimation that includes state interactions, and link this model with the neuronal architecture and dynamics observed empirically.

MaPPeRTrac: A Massively Parallel, Portable, and Reproducible Tractography Pipeline.

Large-scale diffusion MRI tractography remains a significant challenge. Users must orchestrate a complex sequence of instructions that requires many software packages with complex dependencies and high computational costs. We developed MaPPeRTrac, an edge-centric tractography pipeline that simplifies and accelerates this process in a wide range of high-performance computing (HPC) environments.

Implementing integrated hypertension and diabetes management using the World Health Organization's HEARTS model: protocol for a pilot study in the Guatemalan national primary care system.

Background: The HEARTS technical package was developed by the World Health Organization to address the implementation gap in cardiovascular disease prevention in low- and middle-income countries. Guatemala is a middle-income country that is currently implementing HEARTS. National authorities in Guatemala are interested in exploring how hypertension and diabetes management can be integrated in HEARTS implementation.

An impact evaluation of conservation investments targeting long-distance migratory species.

We evaluated the impact of a philanthropic program investing in the conservation of sites along the Pacific Americas Flyway, which spans >16,000 km of coastline and is used by millions of shorebirds. Using a quasi-experimental, mixed methods approach, we estimated what would have happened to shorebird populations at 17 wintering sites without the sustained and additional investment they received. We modeled shorebird populations across the entire flyway and at sites with and without investment.

An Aptamer against MNK1 for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its late diagnosis and consequently poor survival make necessary the search for new therapeutic targets. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) is overexpressed in lung cancer and correlates with poor overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles induce astrocyte reactivity through nuclear factor-κappa B activation and cause neuronal damage in vivo in a murine model.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infects the stomach of 50% of the world's population. Importantly, chronic infection by this bacterium correlates with the appearance of several extra-gastric pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. In such conditions, brain astrocytes become reactive and neurotoxic.

The Relationship between the Expression of GATA4 and GATA6 with the Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

GATA4 and GATA6 are transcription factors involved in the differentiation and development of PDAC. GATA6 expression is related to the classic molecular subtype, while its absence is related to the basal-like molecular subtype. The aim was to determine the clinical utility of IHC determination of GATA4 and GATA6 in a series of patients with resected PDAC.

Modulation of quorum sensing activity by copper sulfate, potassium dichromate, and cadmium chloride in biosensor strains.

Beyond their biological roles, metals have a strong impact on the environment. It has been reported that metals are also inhibitory of Quorum Sensing (QS) mechanisms, ones of the best characterized signaling systems in bacteria and fungi. We analyzed the effect of CuSO4, CdCl2, and K2Cr2O7, on QS systems sharing or differing in the bacterial host or the QS signal.

Spatial genomics reveals a high number and specific location of B cells in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma microenvironment of long-term survivors.

Background And Aim: Only 10% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients survive longer than five years. Factors underlining long-term survivorship in PDAC are not well understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify the key players in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) associated with long-term survivorship in PDAC patients.