The Severity of Allergic Reactions in a Real-World Environment Is Independent of the Eliciting Amounts of Foods.

Introduction: Patients with food allergies need personalized information on their risk of reaction in "real-life" situations. This multicentric study aimed to investigate the link during accidental reactions between the nature and amount of food allergens consumed in "real-life situation" and the severity of the symptoms.

Methods: Patients were prospectively recruited from December 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, at the emergency departments in the Geneva University Hospitals and local pediatric emergency facilities, through an allergy outpatient clinic, at school and daycare facilities and trough their primary care physicians.

Induction of systemic immunologic tolerance to beta-lactoglobulin by oral administration of a whey protein hydrolysate.

Background: Oral administration of an antigen has been shown to suppress the specific immune response to this antigen. This approach, called oral tolerance, has been demonstrated with intact proteins in animal models for prevention of allergy and autoimmune diseases.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether oral tolerance can be induced with protein peptides.

Milk formulae in the prevention of food allergy.

Because food allergy is frequent and severe, all possible means should be used to try to prevent its manifestations or at least to delay them until the child is older and stronger and therefore better able to follow an exclusion diet. The capacity of breast-feeding for preventing food allergy has been challenged in the past, but a consensus seems to be emerging now that breast-feeding can indeed prevent food allergy if it is started at birth and is exclusive for at least 4, and preferably 6, months. In the most "at-risk" babies the breast-feeding mother should try to eliminate the most potent allergens (eggs, fish, soya, nuts, and cow's milk) from her diet.

Soy- and shrimp-specific IgE responses in orally and intraperitoneally immunized mice.

Female C3H/HeJ mice were immunized parenterally and/or intragastrically with two important food allergens, soy and shrimp. Although both preparations elicited specific IgE production when administered intraperitoneally, anti-shrimp titers were consistently higher. Soy or shrimp administration, i.

Ultrastructural localization of glycinin and beta-conglycinin in Glycine max (soybean) cv. Maple Arrow by the immunogold method.

beta-Conglycinin (7 S globulin) and glycinin (11 S globulin) are the major reserve proteins of soybean. They were localized by the protein A immunogold method in thin sections of Glycine max (soybean) cv. Maple Arrow.

Allergenicity of whey protein: its modification by tryptic in vitro hydrolysis of the protein.

Enzymatic in vitro hydrolysis was evaluated as a possible treatment to abolish the allergenicity of whey proteins in view of their use in infant formulas. Guinea pigs without prior immunological contact (including fetal life) with cow's milk were fed various preparations of cow's milk proteins. Oral exposure to milk or untreated whey protein led to anaphylactic sensitization of the animals.

Research and development of infant formulae with reduced allergenic properties.

Infant formulae based on hydrolyzed proteins or elemental diets offer the best treatment of cow's milk allergy whenever exclusive breast-feeding is not possible. In situations with a family history of atopy, formulae using other protein sources such as soya or chicken meat can also be a good preventive measure. The food industry needs reliable research methods for the evaluation of every new option before considering clinical trials.

Lysozyme, an abomasal enzyme in the ruminants.

A strong lytic activity against Micrococcus luteus was demonstrated in abomasal secretions from calf, adult cattle, goat and sheep. This bacteriolytic activity was undetectable in other secretions. Bacteriolysis was caused by a glycosidase displaying endo-N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase specificity (EC 3.

Calf rennet lysozyme.

A glycosidase displaying endo-N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase specificity (EC 3.2.1.

Treatment of infantile E. coli gastroenteritis with specific bovine anti-E. coli milk immunoglobulins.

A milk immunoglobulin concentrate (MIC) containing antibodies to enteropathogenic E. coli strains was prepared by hyperimmunisation of pregnant cows and using the milk obtained during the first 6 to 8 days of lactation. The sterile concentrate contained 70 to 80% protein and 35 to 40% immunoglobulin.

Studies of mouse-brain-associated T-lymphocyte antigens.

Xeno- and alloantigens shared by mouse brain, thymocytes and thymus-derived lymphocytes were isolated from brain by butanol extraction, followed by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, both in the presence of SDS. The antigenic activity, as tested by inhibition of complement-mediated cytotoxicity using a xenogeneic antiserum directed against T cell-specific antigens (anti-MTLA), was enriched 50-fold during the purification procedure. Xenogeneic and allogeneic antisera which were specific for mouse T-lymphocytes, could be obtained by immunization of rabbits and mice with the partially purified antigens.