"Doing the right thing": Moral conflicts and ethical issues experienced by military nurses during wartime.

Introduction: The War on Terrorism, which included Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014 and the concurrent Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) from 2003 to 2011, exposed military nurses to situations and challenges for which many reported feeling unprepared. Clinically, nurses faced multi-trauma injuries and devastating wounds suffered by military troops and civilians alike. Cultural issues and harsh living conditions added further complications to the care environment.

A checklist for faculty and preceptor to enhance the nurse practitioner student clinical experience.

The National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties and the American Association of Nurse Practitioners collaborated to develop a document outlining expectations when establishing clinical experiences for nurse practitioner (NP) students. A literature review explored the beliefs of clinical preceptors and NP faculty in relation to the process of the establishment and completion of successful clinical experiences. From the literature, the development of two guidance checklists addressed the expectations and responsibilities of the NP faculty and clinical preceptor during the clinical placement process.

American Association of Nurse Practitioners National Nurse Practitioner sample survey: Update on acute care nurse practitioner practice.

Background And Purpose: Data from national surveys on the practice of nurse practitioners (NPs) provides valuable information on aspects of practice, demographic characteristics of providers and patients, plans for continued employment, and role satisfaction. The American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) has been conducting the AANP Sample Survey since 1988.

Methods: The most recent AANP Sample Survey was conducted in 2016 with a random stratified survey of 40,000 NPs.

Precepting nurse practitioner students: A new view-Results of two national surveys of nurse practitioner preceptors.

Purpose: The aim of two national studies was to identify characteristics of nurse practitioners (NPs) who precept and the benefits, incentives, and barriers associated with the NP preceptor role.

Methods: Stratified randomized sampling was used to invite a representative number of NPs from each state to participate in a 2015 survey and a follow-up survey in 2016. These descriptive, exploratory studies distributed electronic questionnaires to 5000 randomly selected NPs in the 2015 survey and 40,000 NPs in the 2016 survey.

Robotic-Arm Assisted Surgery in Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA), such as dislocation, component loosening and wear, continue to be common indications for revision surgery. Multiple studies have attributed some of these problems to poor acetabular cup alignment and placement outside of the purported radiographic safe zone. In addition, it has been shown that conventional manually performed acetabular cup placement may not lead to optimal alignment, regardless of surgical experience.

Chapter 6 impact of deployment on military families.

To date, approximately 300,000 families including 700,000 children have been affected by the increased and repeated number of deployments in support of the Global War on Terror in Iraq and Afghanistan since 2001. The purpose of this review is to discuss the impact of these deployments on family members of active duty and reserve/guard personnel. A search of literature across the years of military conflicts reveals waves of studies emerging after World War II, the Vietnam conflict, Desert Storm/Shield, and now the most recent wars.

Socioeconomic and demographic predictors of selected cardiovascular risk factors among adults living in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia.

Background: The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing in low-to-middle income countries (LMIC). Although strong evidence for inverse associations between socioeconomic position and health outcomes in high-income countries exists, less is known about LMIC. Understanding country-level differences is critical to tailoring effective population health policy and interventions.

Association of Socioeconomic Position and Demographic Characteristics with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Healthcare Access among Adults Living in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia.

Background. The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing in low-to-middle income countries. We examined how socioeconomic and demographic characteristics may be associated with CVD risk factors and healthcare access in such countries.

Caring for military spouses in primary care.

Purpose: To provide primary care providers with knowledge of unique challenges faced by military families. By understanding how military families cope with military lifestyle and deployment, providers can be more effective in their care of these patients and offer assistance in optimizing their health.

Data Sources: Research articles, World Wide Web search of resources for military families and Department of Defense documents.

Mothers going to war: the role of nurse practitioners in the care of military mothers and families during deployment.

Purpose: Many military women are being called to separate from their children to go to war. Most previous research has focused upon paternal, rather than, maternal, separation. The purpose of this article is to describe the experience of military mothers and their children during wartime deployments with clinical implications for nurse practitioners (NPs) in military or community settings.

Deployment of military mothers: supportive and nonsupportive military programs, processes, and policies.

Military mothers and their children cope with unique issues when mothers are deployed. In this article, we present mothers' perspectives on how military resources affected them, their children, and their caregivers during deployment. Mothers described beneficial features of military programs such as family readiness groups and behavioral health care, processes such as unit support, and policies on length and timing of deployments.

Brain responses to words in 2-year-olds with autism predict developmental outcomes at age 6.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that affects social behavior and language acquisition. ASD exhibits great variability in outcomes, with some individuals remaining nonverbal and others exhibiting average or above average function. Cognitive ability contributes to heterogeneity in autism and serves as a modest predictor of later function.

Factors influencing a health promoting lifestyle in spouses of active duty military.

The purpose of this study was to understand the factors influencing the health promoting behaviors (HPBs) of military spouses. Pender's Health Promotion Model provided the theoretical framework guiding this study. One hundred twelve female spouses were surveyed regarding their perceived health status, perceived stress, self-efficacy, social support, and participation in HPBs.

Coping behaviors used by Army wives during deployment separation and their perceived effectiveness.

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to describe the coping behaviors used by Army wives during deployment separation, the perceived effectiveness of the coping behaviors used, and the correlation between the two variables.

Data Sources: A secondary analysis was conducted to examine coping use and perceived effectiveness, measured by the Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS), in a sample of 102 Army wives surveyed during deployment separation.

Conclusions: The most used coping subscales from the JCS were the optimistic and supportant and the most effective were the supportant and confrontive.

Moderators of access and utilization of clinical preventive services in older adults.

Aim: This paper reports a study exploring the relationships between potential moderators of access and utilization of clinical preventive services in a homogeneous sample of older adults with near universal health coverage.

Background: Advancements have occurred in eliminating financial and structural barriers to utilization of clinical preventive services (primary, secondary and tertiary prevention) in most developed countries, but variations in utilization continue. These variations may be attributed to non-social determinants of health moderators that impact utilization in older adults.

Emotional distress and health risk behaviours of mothers of United States Marines.

Aim: The aim was to explore emotional distress and health risk behaviours of mothers of servicemen. The study was inspired by the first author's clinical practice in primary care among women who reported significant emotional distress surrounding impending deployment of their sons.

Background: Thousands of US service members have been deployed in the current wars.

Determinants of health-promoting behaviors in military spouses during deployment separation.

The purpose of this research was to describe predictors of participation in health-promoting behaviors among military spouses. A total of 105 female spouses of currently deployed active duty military members were surveyed to determine their perceived stress and participation in the health-promoting behaviors of exercise, diet, checkups, substance use/avoidance, social behaviors, stress management/rest, and safety/environmental behaviors. Demographic and deployment information was also collected.

Stress, coping, and well-being in military spouses during deployment separation.

This study examined the relationships between stress, coping, general well-being, and sociodemographic characteristics using Lazarus and Folkman's theory of stress and coping. A descriptive correlational design was used. The sample consisted of 105 female spouses of currently deployed active duty military members.

Health literacy rates in a sample of active duty military personnel.

The results reported in this article are from a larger descriptive study examining the health literacy rates in active duty military personnel receiving health care within a culture of universal access. The purpose of this article is to describe the health literacy skills among a sample of active duty military personnel with comparison to the national population. Data were collected using the shortened version of the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) and the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) in a convenience sample of 155 active duty subjects at a major military hospital from January 2007 through May 2007.

A framework for guiding health literacy research in populations with universal access to healthcare.

At least one third of the US population suffers from limited health literacy, which has been linked to poorer health status, higher costs, and individuals who are socioeconomically disadvantaged. However, research and the development of theoretical frameworks to study health literacy have only recently begun to occur. The purpose of this article is to describe theoretical frameworks that have either been used or may be used to guide health literacy research and to identify implications for nursing research and practice related to an adaptation of a health literacy framework developed specifically for conducting research in populations with universal access to healthcare.

Self-assessment of trauma competencies among army family nurse practitioners.

The objective of this descriptive study was to determine whether Army family nurse practitioners perceive themselves as competent in providing trauma care. Using an adaptation of trauma competency outcomes from various trauma courses, all Army family nurse practitioners were asked to evaluate self-perceived level of trauma competence and self-perceived importance of trauma skills. Results (n = 96) indicate a general agreement that all skills identified in the questionnaire were important in the management of a trauma patient.

Phonetic learning as a pathway to language: new data and native language magnet theory expanded (NLM-e).

Infants' speech perception skills show a dual change towards the end of the first year of life. Not only does non-native speech perception decline, as often shown, but native language speech perception skills show improvement, reflecting a facilitative effect of experience with native language. The mechanism underlying change at this point in development, and the relationship between the change in native and non-native speech perception, is of theoretical interest.

Links between social and linguistic processing of speech in preschool children with autism: behavioral and electrophysiological measures.

Data on typically developing children suggest a link between social interaction and language learning, a finding of interest both to theories of language and theories of autism. In this study, we examined social and linguistic processing of speech in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing chronologically matched (TDCA) and mental age matched (TDMA) children. The social measure was an auditory preference test that pitted 'motherese' speech samples against non-speech analogs of the same signals.

The fate of revised uncemented acetabular components in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The results of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had revision hip arthroplasty have been studied infrequently. The purpose of this study was to review the authors' clinical and radiographic experiences and outcomes with revision hip arthroplasty. Revision total hip arthroplasties were done on 28 patients (30 hips).