End-of-Life Care for Newborn Infants: A Multicenter Real-Life Prospective Study.

Introduction: Most neonatal deaths in industrialized countries follow a process of redirection of care. The objectives of this study were to describe how neonates die in a middle-income country, whether there was redirection of care, and the reason for this decision.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study.

The Effect of Virtual Reality on Cold Pain Sensitivity in Patients with Fibromyalgia and Pain-Free Individuals: A Randomized Crossover Study.

Fibromyalgia is a complex pain syndrome with high personal and societal costs, with only few effective tools for treatment. Virtual reality (VR) may be an efficient pain management tool although the effectiveness in fibromyalgia patients is unclear. This randomized crossover study set out to 1) investigate the effect of VR on cold pain threshold, -tolerance, and -intensity in fibromyalgia patients and in pain-free individuals and 2) explore the potential relationships between the effect of VR and pain catastrophizing.

Can Intubation Be Improved with Endotracheal Tubes Marked with a Color Scale? Randomized Controlled Study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess if a color scale in the endotracheal tube (ETT) can help operators to correctly select the size and depth of placement of the ETT and decrease the time required to complete the procedure and compared with the usual numeric ETT scale in a mannequin model.

Study Design: The study was conducted in eight centers. Each size of the ETT was identified with a different color.

Ischemic Lesions in the Brain of a Neonate With SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Aim: To describe a term newborn with acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and multisystem involvement including seizures associated to ischemic lesions in the brain.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is predominantly a respiratory infection, but it may affect many other systems. Most pediatric COVID-19 cases range from asymptomatic to mild-moderate disease.

Preparedness strategies in neonatology units during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey conducted at maternity centers in Argentina.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze available resources, guidelines in use, and preparedness to care for newborn infants at maternity centers in Argentina during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: Cross-sectional study based on a survey administered to medical and nursing staff. In May 2020, Argentine facilities with more than 500 annual births were contacted; 58 % of these were from the public sector.

Gestational age, mode of delivery, and relation to the day and time of birth in two private health care facilities.

Introduction: There is a worldwide growing trend of preterm births and C-sections. Our objective was to describe gestational age (GA), mode of delivery, day and time distribution, and the relation between the mode of delivery and the time of birth in two private facilities.

Population And Methods: Prospective, crosssectional, analytical study.

Postpartum use of oxytocin and volume of placental transfusion: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To assess whether oxytocin administered before clamping the umbilical cord modifies the volume of placental transfusion.

Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Methods: Mothers of term infants born vigorous by vaginal delivery with informed consent provided in early labour were randomly assigned to oxytocin (10 IU) given intravenously within 15 s of birth (group 1) or after clamping the umbilical cord 3 min after delivery (group 2).

Selective auxin agonists induce specific AUX/IAA protein degradation to modulate plant development.

Auxin phytohormones control most aspects of plant development through a complex and interconnected signaling network. In the presence of auxin, AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) transcriptional repressors are targeted for degradation by the SKP1-CULLIN1-F-BOX (SCF) ubiquitin-protein ligases containing TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESISTANT 1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB). CULLIN1-neddylation is required for SCF functionality, as exemplified by mutants deficient in the NEDD8-activating enzyme subunit AUXIN-RESISTANT 1 (AXR1).

Glucocorticoid-Induced Changes in Rat Skeletal Muscle Biomechanical and Viscoelastic Properties: Aspects of Aging.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the state of tension (tone) and the biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscle in aging rats during the administration of different doses of dexamethasone and to find the relationships among the state of muscle atrophy, muscle strength, and the abovementioned muscle properties.

Methods: Muscle state of tension, biomechanical (elasticity, dynamic stiffness) and viscoelastic (mechanical stress relaxation time, Deborah number) properties (using MyotonPRO, Myoton Ltd, Tallinn, Estonia), lean body mass (BM), and hind limb grip strength were measured before and after the administration of a 10-day treatment with dexamethasone 100 μg/100 g BM (young and old group) and 50 μg/100 g BM (old group).

Results: Muscle elasticity (logarithmic decrement) was lower in old animals (1.

An early secretory pathway mediated by GNOM-LIKE 1 and GNOM is essential for basal polarity establishment in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Spatial regulation of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, or auxin) is essential for plant development. Auxin gradient establishment is mediated by polarly localized auxin transporters, including PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins. Their localization and abundance at the plasma membrane are tightly regulated by endomembrane machinery, especially the endocytic and recycling pathways mediated by the ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor (ARF-GEF) GNOM.

The Cellulase KORRIGAN Is Part of the Cellulose Synthase Complex.

Plant growth and organ formation depend on the oriented deposition of load-bearing cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall. Cellulose is synthesized by a large relative molecular weight cellulose synthase complex (CSC), which comprises at least three distinct cellulose synthases. Cellulose synthesis in plants or bacteria also requires the activity of an endo-1,4-β-d-glucanase, the exact function of which in the synthesis process is not known.

Effect of gravity on volume of placental transfusion: a multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Delayed cord clamping allows for the passage of blood from the placenta to the baby and reduces the risk of iron deficiency in infancy. To hold the infant for more than 1 min at the level of the vagina (as is presently recommended), on the assumption that gravity affects the volume of placental transfusion, is cumbersome, might result in low compliance, and interferes with immediate contact of the infant with the mother. We aimed to assess whether gravity affects the volume of placental transfusion

Methods: We did a multicentre non-inferiority trial at three university-affiliated hospitals in Argentina.

Comparison of devices for newborn ventilation in the delivery room.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a T-piece resuscitator compared with a self-inflating bag for providing mask ventilation to newborns at birth.

Study Design: Newborns at ≥26 weeks gestational age receiving positive-pressure ventilation at birth were included in this multicenter cluster-randomized 2-period crossover trial. Positive-pressure ventilation was provided with either a self-inflating bag (self-inflating bag group) with or without a positive end-expiratory pressure valve or a T-piece with a positive end-expiratory pressure valve (T-piece group).

[Newborn ventilation: comparison between a T-piece resuscitator and self-infating bags in a neonatal preterm simulator].

Introduction: Although the provision of effective assisted ventilation is the most effective intervention in delivery room resuscitation of depressed newborn infants, there is still limited evidence about which is the optimal device to deliver positive pressure ventilation (PPV).

Objective: To compare the accuracy of pressures and ventilation rate (VR) delivered to a neonatal simulator with three devices: 240 ml and 450 ml self-infating bags (SIB) and a T-piece resuscitator, and to evaluate the variability in terms of providers' experience.

Material And Methods: 76 health care providers divided in two groups according to experience were asked to provide positive pressure ventilation to a neonatal simulator through a facial mask or an endotracheal tube with three ventilating devices: a T-piece resuscitator, a 240 ml and a 450 ml self-infating bags.

Absolute radiometric calibration of Als intensity data: effects on accuracy and target classification.

Radiometric calibration of airborne laser scanning (ALS) intensity data aims at retrieving a value related to the target scattering properties, which is independent on the instrument or flight parameters. The aim of a calibration procedure is also to be able to compare results from different flights and instruments, but practical applications are sparsely available, and the performance of calibration methods for this purpose needs to be further assessed. We have studied the radiometric calibration with data from three separate flights and two different instruments using external calibration targets.

[Recombinant erythropoietin as treatment for hyporegenerative anemia following hemolytic disease of the newborn].

Introduction: The aim of the study is to report results of erythropoietin treatment for late hyporegenerative anemia in the hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Reports previously published concern only a few cases, with controversial results.

Methods: Case series report concerning 50 neonates with HDN due to Rh, ABO or KpA antigens, aged more than 7 days.

Can mechanical myotonometry or electromyography be used for the prediction of intramuscular pressure?

The aim of the study was to characterize the electromechanical properties of skeletal muscle during isometric loading as well as to assess the potential of estimating intramuscular pressure by electrical and mechanical methods. Simultaneous electromyography (EMG), mechanical myotonometry (MYO, frequency and decrement of decay) and intramuscular pressure (IMP) measurements were conducted at rest and during short-term and long-term isometric contractions in patients with chronic pain in the anterior leg or dorsal forearm. The EMG amplitude and MYO(freq) accounted significantly (24-73%, p < 0.

Obstructive sleep apnea and ageing Myotonometry demonstrates changes in the soft palate and tongue while awake.

Upper airway dilator muscles are important in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The present study compares changes of tissue properties between the soft palate and tongue in different age groups of apnea patients and healthy subjects. Materials and methods: OSAS patients diagnosed by polysomnography (15 patients - aged 30-70 years; 10 patients - aged 18-29 years) and healthy volunteers (10 subjects - aged 30-70 years; 10 patients - aged 18-29 years) participated in the study.

Joint mobility and the oscillation characteristics of muscle.

The aim of this study was to investigate which muscle characteristics of oscillation of the lower extremities have influence on trunk forward flexion and knee extension. The frequency and the decrement of damped oscillation of the muscles m. rectus femoris, m.

The effect of breast-feeding frequency on serum bilirubin levels.

Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of breast-feeding frequency on serum bilirubin levels in the first 3 days after birth.

Study Design: Two hundred seventy-five infants were randomly assigned to a frequent or demand breast-feeding schedule.

Results: Infants in the frequent group (n = 131) nursed nine (7.

Patterns of fetal lamb regional cerebral blood flow during and after prolonged hypoxia.

In an effort to determine to what extent cerebral blood flow (CBF) varies in different parts of the brain during prolonged fetal hypoxia, we measured flow to 34 regions in 12 chronically catheterized fetal lambs 130 to 140 days gestation. Control values of PO2, PCO2 pH, heart rate, and blood pressure were obtained, and CBF was measured by use of radioactive labeled microspheres during a control period, during (15-, 30-, and 90-min) reduction of maternal inspired O2 concentration (fetal arterial PO2 was maintained at 12 to 15 torr), and 60 min after returning the ewe to room air. control blood flow to cortical, subcortical, and brainstem structures equaled 134, 186, and 254 ml x min-1 x 100 g-1, respectively.