Soybean oil and probiotics improve meat quality, conjugated linoleic acid concentration, and nutritional quality indicators of goats.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of dietary soybean oil and probiotics on goat meat quality, total conjugated linoleic acids (TCLA) concentration, and nutritional quality indicators of goats. Thirty-six male crossbred goats (Anglo-Nubian♂× Thai native♀), weighing 18.3 ± 2.

Deep learning for dual detection of microsatellite instability and POLE mutations in colorectal cancer histopathology.

In the spectrum of colorectal tumors, microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors with DNA polymerase ε (POLE) mutations exhibit a hypermutated profile, holding the potential to respond to immunotherapy similarly to their microsatellite-instable (MSI) counterparts. Yet, due to their rarity and the associated testing costs, systematic screening for these mutations is not commonly pursued. Notably, the histopathological phenotype resulting from POLE mutations is theorized to resemble that of MSI.

Transformer-based biomarker prediction from colorectal cancer histology: A large-scale multicentric study.

Deep learning (DL) can accelerate the prediction of prognostic biomarkers from routine pathology slides in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, current approaches rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and have mostly been validated on small patient cohorts. Here, we develop a new transformer-based pipeline for end-to-end biomarker prediction from pathology slides by combining a pre-trained transformer encoder with a transformer network for patch aggregation.

Multiple Calcium Channel Types with Unique Expression Patterns Mediate Retinal Signaling at Bipolar Cell Ribbon Synapses.

Retinal bipolar cells (BCs) compose the canonical vertical excitatory pathway that conveys photoreceptor output to inner retinal neurons. Although synaptic transmission from BC terminals is thought to rely almost exclusively on Ca influx through voltage-gated Ca (Ca) channels mediating L-type currents, the molecular identity of Ca channels in BCs is uncertain. Therefore, we combined molecular and functional analyses to determine the expression profiles of Ca α, β, and αδ subunits in mouse rod bipolar (RB) cells, BCs from which the dynamics of synaptic transmission are relatively well-characterized.

Case Report: A Novel CACNA1A Mutation Caused Flunarizine-Responsive Type 2 Episodic Ataxia and Hemiplegic Migraine With Abnormal MRI of Cerebral White Matter.

Episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) is one autosomal-dominant neurological disorder characterized by debilitating attacks of ataxia. It is mainly caused by loss-of-function mutations of the CACNA1A gene, which encodes the pore-forming α1A subunit of Ca2.1 (P/Q type voltage-gated calcium channel).

Swarm learning for decentralized artificial intelligence in cancer histopathology.

Artificial intelligence (AI) can predict the presence of molecular alterations directly from routine histopathology slides. However, training robust AI systems requires large datasets for which data collection faces practical, ethical and legal obstacles. These obstacles could be overcome with swarm learning (SL), in which partners jointly train AI models while avoiding data transfer and monopolistic data governance.

3D Simulation Analysis of Central Shunt in Patient-Specific Hemodynamics: Effects of Varying Degree of Pulmonary Artery Stenosis and Shunt Diameters.

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different shunt diameters and pulmonary artery (PA) stenosis grades on the hemodynamics of central shunts to determine an optimal surgical plan and improve the long-term outcomes of the operation. A 3D anatomical model was reconstructed based on the patient's clinical CT data. 3D computational fluid dynamics models were built with varying degrees of stenosis (the stenosis ratio was represented by the ratio of blood flow through the main pulmonary artery to cardiac output, ranging from 0 to 30%; the smaller the value of , the more severe the pulmonary artery stenosis) and varying shunt diameters (3, 3.

Potassium channel dysfunction in human neuronal models of Angelman syndrome.

Disruptions in the ubiquitin protein ligase E3A () gene cause Angelman syndrome (AS). Whereas AS model mice have associated synaptic dysfunction and altered plasticity with abnormal behavior, whether similar or other mechanisms contribute to network hyperactivity and epilepsy susceptibility in AS patients remains unclear. Using human neurons and brain organoids, we demonstrate that UBE3A suppresses neuronal hyperexcitability via ubiquitin-mediated degradation of calcium- and voltage-dependent big potassium (BK) channels.

Reassortment of Avian Influenza A/H6N6 Viruses from Live Poultry Markets in Guangdong, China.

Since early 2013, H7N9-subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) has caused human infection in eastern China. To evaluate AIV contamination and the public risk of infection, we systematically implemented environmental sampling from live poultry markets in Guangdong Province. Through real-time polymerase chain reaction assays and next-generation sequencing, we generated full nucleotide sequences of all 10 H6N6 AIVs isolated during sampling.

State-dependent cAMP sensitivity of presynaptic function underlies metaplasticity in a hippocampal feedforward inhibitory circuit.

At hippocampal mossy fiber (MF)-st. lucidum interneuron (SLIN) synapses, mGluR7 serves as a metaplastic switch controlling bidirectional plasticity. mGluR7 activation during high-frequency stimulation (HFS) triggers presynaptic LTD due to persistent P/Q-type Ca(2+) channel inhibition.

Acute inhibition of Rho-kinase attenuates pulmonary hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease.

This study aimed to determine whether the Rho-kinase-mediated pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of left-to-right shunt-induced pulmonary hypertension and whether fasudil exhibits acute beneficial effects on the hemodynamics of these patients. A total of 12 patients with a mean age of 12.3 years were enrolled in a self-controlled prospective study.

Calcium signaling in mitral cell dendrites of olfactory bulbs of neonatal rats and mice during olfactory nerve Stimulation and beta-adrenoceptor activation.

Synapses formed by the olfactory nerve (ON) provide the source of excitatory synaptic input onto mitral cells (MC) in the olfactory bulb. These synapses, which relay odor-specific inputs, are confined to the distally tufted single primary dendrites of MCs, the first stage of central olfactory processing. beta-adrenergic modulation of electrical and chemical signaling at these synapses may be involved in early odor preference learning.

Measurement of rotary pump flow and pressure by computation of driving motor power and speed.

Measurement of pump flow and pressure by ventricular assist is an important process, but difficult to achieve. On one hand, the pump flow and pressure are indicators of pump performance and the physiologic status of the receptor, meanwhile providing a control basis of the blood pump itself. On the other hand, the direct measurement forces the receptor to connect with a flow meter and a manometer, and the sensors of these meters may cause haematological problems and increase the danger of infection.

Proportions of Ca2+ channel subtypes in chick or rat P2 fraction and NG108-15 cells using various Ca2+ blockers.

The proportions of calcium (Ca2+) channel subtypes in chick or rat P2 fraction and NG 108-15 cells were investigated using selective L-, N-, P- and P/Q- type Ca2+ channel blockers. KCl-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake by chick P2 fraction was blocked by 40-50% using N-type Ca2+ channel blockers [omega-conotoxin GVIA, aminoglycoside antibiotics and dynorphin A(1-13)], but was not inhibited by P- or P/Q-type blockers (omega-agatoxin IVA or omega-conotoxin MVIIC). On the other hand, KCl-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake by rat P2 fraction was blocked by 30 approximately 40% using P- or P/Q-type Ca2+ channel blockers, but was not inhibited by N-type Ca2+ channel blockers.