Computed tomographic scan in head trauma: what is the rational in children?

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the consequence of external forces that traumatically injure the brain. Closed head injury is common in children and is estimated to result in 650,000 to 1 million emergency department visits annually with approximately 7,400 deaths in the United States. Mild TBI is the most common form of closed head injury and constitutes 80 to 90% of all the TBI.

Bupivacaine and botulinum toxin to treat comitant strabismus.

Purpose: To evaluate the change in ocular motility and muscle thickness measured with ultrasonography after intramuscular injection of bupivacaine and botulinum toxin A.

Methods: Eight patients (five female) were enrolled to measure ocular motility prior and 1, 7, 30 and 180 days after one injection of 2 ml of 1.5% bupivacaine and 2.

Pre-pubertal presentation of peritoneal inclusion cyst associated with congenital lower extremity venous valve agenesis.

Peritoneal inclusion cysts are uncommon lesions that usually occur in the pelvis of reproductive-age females. The case of a 7-year-old girl with an inflamed peritoneal inclusion cyst with unusual right paracolic localization and congenital lower extremity superficial and deep venous valve agenesis is presented. Inflammation of the peritoneal inclusion cyst was responsible for the signs of acute abdomen and subsequent presentation at our center.

Management strategies in foreign-body aspiration.

Objective: The aim of this study is to outline a management algorithm to ensure effective teamwork in decreasing morbidity and mortality in pediatric Foreign-Body Aspirations (FBA). Furthermore, the role of flexible bronchoscopy when compared to rigid bronchoscopy in FBA was evaluated.

Methods: Charts of patients with suspected FBA from October 1999 to September 2006 were reviewed and data with regards to the history, presenting symptoms, diagnostics and therapeutic tactics, was collected.

Carotid body paraganglioma: rare tumor in a 15-year-old adolescent boy.

We report a 15-year-old adolescent boy with right-side carotid body paraganglioma (CBP). The diagnosis of CBP was suspected accidentally because of an asymptomatic mass in the right side of the neck and was confirmed by ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and carotid arteriography. The CBP was successfully removed surgically by complete subadventitial excision without complications or neurologic sequelae.