Right-sided aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery diagnosed in an infant with regurgitation.

Right-sided aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery is a rare congenital anomaly of the aorta that occurs in less than 0.1% of the population. Patients are asymptomatic in most cases, and the anomaly is found incidentally; however, symptoms can occur due to the compression of other structures, mostly the trachea and esophagus.

Comparison of Iron alone and Zinc Plus Iron Supplementation Effect on the Clinical and Laboratory Features of Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia.

Childhood Iron deficiency anemia is one of the main health problems around the world especially underdeveloped countries. Supplementation with micronutrients specifically iron supplementation can be considered as a therapeutic strategy to prevent and treatment of this type of anemia. The aim of the present study is to compare the therapeutic effects of zinc plus iron and iron alone supplementation on the clinical and laboratory features of children with iron deficiency anemia referred to our Hospital in 2016.

Sellar reconstruction algorithm in endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: experience with 240 cases.

Background: Proposing a strategy for sellar reconstruction in endoscopic transsphenoidal transsellar approachfor pituitary adenoma.

Methods: 240 patients with pituitary adenoma underwent pure endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery.Intra-operative CSF leaks were classified as grade 0, no observable leak; grade 1, CSF dripping through anarachnoid membrane defect of less than 1 mm; and grade 2, CSF flowing through an arachnoid defect of morethan 1 mm.

Third ventricle herniation into the sphenoid sinus following endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal fenestration of Rathkes cleft cyst.

Rathke cleft cyst (RCC) is an uncommon albeit benign sellar lesion with an incidence rate of between 2 to 33%. RCCs are usually asymptomatic except in the large cases whit suprasellar extension. We herein describe a unique case of RCC, which presented with severe visual loss owing to massive herniation of the optic chiasm and third ventricle down into the sphenoid sinus through a small 8 x 8 mm foramen after transnasal endoscopic surgical fenestration and marsupialization of the cyst.

Effect of local irradiation with 630 and 860 nm low-level lasers on tympanic membrane perforation repair in guinea pigs.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the effect of low-level lasers on the healing of tympanic membrane perforation, one of the most common otological pathologies.

Methods And Materials: Twenty-four guinea pigs were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. One day after the induction of a 2 mm diameter, centred myringotomy in all animals, the tympanic membranes in the experimental group were irradiated with 630 and 860 nm lasers for 10 days.