Measurement of Very-High-Energy Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emissions from the Galactic Plane with LHAASO-WCDA.

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission is a very important tool used to study the propagation and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. In this Letter, we report the measurements of the diffuse emission from the Galactic plane-covering Galactic longitudes from 15° to 235° and latitudes from -5° to +5°, in an energy range of 1 to 25 TeV-made with the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory. After the sky regions of known sources are masked, the diffuse emission is detected with 24.

Deciphering the Oncogenic Landscape of Hepatocytes Through Integrated Single-Nucleus and Bulk RNA-Seq of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality, while the hepatocyte mechanisms driving oncogenesis remains poorly understood. In this study, single-nucleus RNA sequencing of samples from 22 HCC patients revealed 10 distinct hepatocyte subtypes, including beneficial Hep0, predominantly malignant Hep2, and immunosuppressive Hep9. These subtypes were strongly associated with patient prognosis, confirmed in TCGA-LIHC and Fudan HCC cohorts through hepatocyte composition deconvolution.

Multifaceted analysis of noncoding and coding de novo variants implicates NOTCH signaling pathway in tetralogy of Fallot in Chinese population.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic heart defect in neonates. While there is compelling evidence of genetic contribution to the etiology of TOF, the contribution of noncoding variants to the development of the defect remains unexplored. Potentially damaging noncoding de novo variants (NC DNVs) were detected from 141 Chinese nonsyndromic TOF trios (CHN-TOF) and compared with those detected in the Pediatric Cardiac Genomics Consortium (PCGC).

Atlas of multilineage stem cell differentiation reveals TMEM88 as a developmental regulator of blood pressure.

Pluripotent stem cells provide a scalable approach to analyse molecular regulation of cell differentiation across developmental lineages. Here, we engineer barcoded induced pluripotent stem cells to generate an atlas of multilineage differentiation from pluripotency, encompassing an eight-day time course with modulation of WNT, BMP, and VEGF signalling pathways. Annotation of in vitro cell types with reference to in vivo development reveals diverse mesendoderm lineage cell types including lateral plate and paraxial mesoderm, neural crest, and primitive gut.

Functional attributes of the anterior mesendoderm in patterning the anterior neural structures during head formation in the mouse.

Induction of the neural ectoderm and the patterning of embryonic brain are the requisite organizing activity for head formation. Studies of loss-of-function mouse mutants that displayed a head truncation phenotype pointed to a key functional role of the anterior mesendoderm in anterior neural patterning. In this overview, we highlight the learning of the molecular attributes underpinning the formation of the anterior mesendoderm, the acquisition of ectoderm competence in the epiblast and the patterning of the embryonic brain during gastrulation and neurulation.