Functionalized covalent organic frameworks for catalytic conversion of biomass-derived xylan to furfural.

A direct synthesis strategy was employed to prepare functionalized COFs enriched with acidic sites, using various precursor monomers. The functionalized COFs were applied in the catalytic conversion of biomass-derived xylan to furfural in the liquid phase. The study further assessed the recyclability and reusability of these COFs, explored the relationship between their structural features and catalytic performance, and investigated the reaction mechanism underlying the COF-catalyzed conversion of xylan to furfural.

Discovery of INCB159020, an Orally Bioavailable KRAS G12D Inhibitor.

The inhibition of mutant KRAS proteins has emerged as a promising approach for treating KRAS-driven cancers, as evidenced by the clinical success of KRAS G12C inhibitors. KRAS G12D, the most common mutant, promises significant expansion of the addressable patient population; however, the reduced nucleophilicity of aspartate compared to cysteine poses significant challenges in balancing sufficient potency with ADME properties to support oral exposure. Herein, we describe the discovery of KRAS G12D inhibitor (), which achieves oral exposure in nonhuman primate (NHP).

Identification and verification of the optimal feature genes of ferroptosis in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Background: Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the orbital adipose tissue, primarily causing oxidative stress injury and tissue remodeling in the orbital connective tissue. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death driven by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), iron metabolism disorder, and lipid peroxidation. This study aims to identify and validate the optimal feature genes (OFGs) of ferroptosis with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in TAO orbital adipose tissue through bioinformatics analysis and to assess their correlation with disease-related immune cell infiltration.

Inappropriate Diet Exacerbates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease via Abdominal Obesity.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a refined categorization of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), highlighting the intricate relationship between hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction. Abdominal obesity (AO), a key diagnostic criterion for metabolic dysfunction, predominantly results from inappropriate diet and unhealthy dietary habits. To comprehensively investigate which dietary factors contribute to MASLD through AO and to understand the underlying biological mechanisms, we initially conducted a systematic review of meta-analysis articles in the PubMed database from the past decade, summarizing dietary factors that affect AO.

Development of QuEChERS based on the Z-Sep+and DLLME method for analysis of PBDEs in chicken eggs by GC-MS/MS.

A sensitive, straightforward, and environmentally sustainable method was developed and validated for the quantification of 13 PBDEs in chicken eggs using gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The QuEChERS approach, combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), was applied for sample preparation. Egg samples were extracted with acetonitrile and purified using Z-Sep + adsorbent.